Abstract Methods of data acquisition and processing used in seismic exploration in the carbonate mountainous area of Guizhou Province, Southwest China are illustrated by use of field examples. An SN348 192-channel acquisition system and four M-18 Vibroseis units were used for field data acquisition in the study and exploration. Criss-crossed by high mountains and rolling hills, the area's surface structure is very complicated. Profile shots were arranged along Slalom lines using vibroseis units with nonlinear sweep. Data processing methods used provided accurate static correction, spectrum equalization, two-dimensional filtering, and continuous mute analysis sweep. These methods achieved excellent results. Reflections from both deep and shallow formations are clear and the signal-to-noise ratio of the reflection profile is enhanced. More than one thousand line-kilometers of seismic data were obtained with these techniques in the carbonate mountainous area of Guizhou Province. From detailed exploration conducted in a region of about 170 km 2 , reflections from the major geological formations of Cambrian to Permian age were obtained. A dome of Silurian age interpreted from the seismic data basically coincides with the geological evidence.