... is scientifically substantive, but really should not be methodologically important: if a method can estimate richness from any frequency distribution, it should not matter whether the data are resolved to the level of individuals. The basic idea of quorum subsampling is to estimate the number...

...), and the ages derived from the two amino acids are in strong agreement (Pearson's product-moment correlation, r 2 = 0.994, Fig. 1C ). All remaining analyses are based on AAR ages using the Asp calibration curve; using the Glu calibration curve has no substantive effect on the results (the full data set...

... are indicated; homogeneous 207 Pb/ 204 Pb suggests a single lead reservoir or thorough intermixing of multiple lead-isotope reservoirs ( Puig, 1988 ). A large 208 Pb/ 204 Pb value vs. an average 206 Pb/ 204 Pb value is indicative of a continental crustal source ( Doe and Zartman, 1979 ); large 208 Pb/ 204...

... for bulk or randomly sampled specimens. In addition, this study emphasizes the importance of using a single type of measurement within studies and suggests that combining multiple types of specimens (e.g., type specimens and bulk-sampled specimens) could lead to substantive errors. The length and height...

... of Lyell’s thought and the most specifically revolutionary element in his work - uniformitarianism -will give us the occasion to pose the problem in terms which are somewhat more definite. The uniformitarianism vs. catastrophism terminology was introduced by William Whewell in a review of the second...

... is characterized by higher concentrations of Mg and Fe, accompanied locally by very high concentrations of Cs and Rb. Fig. 7. Binary plots showing the composition of biotite in the biotite and holmquistite alteration assemblages in atoms per formula unit (apfu). (A) Fe/(Fe + Mg) versus Al. (B) Cs vs. Rb. (C...

... Australia Museum). F, Specimen SAM P1020514 (South Australia Museum). G and H, Our two “complete” models (primary arms and bullae highlighted in light and dark green, respectively), which contrast hemispherical vs. elongate apical pits, reflecting the potential range of morphologies present...

... to simulate the behavior of different types of infrastructure under earthquake ground motions. In the performance-based earthquake engineering (PBEE) methodology ( Moehle and Deierlein, 2004 ), nonlinear response analysis is used to evaluate the performance of structures in terms of metrics...

... and their hinterland origins extending from the southern Appalachians of the eastern GoM, to the Marathon orogen and Yucatán/Maya crustal blocks of the western GoM. Moreover, our integration of traditional well log, seismic and core analysis with DZ geochronological methodologies enables correlation of the Eagle Mills...

... is subject to change. Cite as Authors (Year) Title. American Mineralogist, in press. DOI: httpsdoi.org/10.2138/am-2023-9202. httpwww.minsocam.org/ REVISION 1 140 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS 141 2.1. Nesquehonite synthesis and general preparation 142 Nesquehonite was synthesized using the methodology of Robie...

.... Photogrammetry was undertaken following the general methodology explained in Mallison and Wings (2014) . Point clouds were processed in Agisoft Photoscan standard version 1.3 software ( http://www.agisoft.ru/ ). Orthographs were used, rather than simple photographs, as these provided revealed subtle details...

... significance of the result. An open source online application implementing this method is available for use on www.paleomagnetism.org . We illustrate the use of the methodology by reanalyzing published data sets from two well-known oroclines in the Cantrabrian (northwest Iberia) and Aegean (Greece) regions...

... by time periods that are characteristic of everyday life, they are thought to be reasonable values for life-safety considerations when designing buildings and other structures ( Petersen et al. 2015 ). The 1996 models ( Frankel et al. 1996 ) incorporated a new methodology for estimating the hazard...

... scheme proposed by Andrews (1986) . We know from these previous studies that both models are calibrated to match the empirical data and will therefore have no significant residual trends in magnitude and distance ( Atkinson et al. , 2015 ; Yenier and Atkinson, 2015 ). The substantive difference...

... thought were synthesized into a model-independent framework by Catuneanu et al. (2009) which is adopted within the current work. While this relatively recent generalization of sequence stratigraphy has enabled the methodology to be more widely applicable, the stratal organization of continental closed...

... that is initially inductive and then compared and refined across multiple comparison groups Charmaz 2002, Denzin and Lincoln 1994, Miles and Huberman 1994 . A major goal of this methodological approach is to gain a rich understanding of the substantive area Glaser and Strauss 1967, Lincoln and Guba 1985, Celsi et...

.... , 2019 ; Savvaidis et al. , 2019 ; Margheriti et al. , 2021 ). The basic methodology for determining these location estimates from seismic data is well established ( Buland, 1976 ). In a typical workflow, phase arrival times are marked by network analysts at a set of recording stations, and automated...

... politics and disasters: Assessing substantive and methodological contributions . In: McEntire DA (ed.) Disciplines, Disasters and Emergency Management . Springfield, IL : Charles C Thomas Publisher , pp. 178 – 195 . Makinoshima F...

...; the remaining six are substantive papers, which were published relatively recently (2014 to 2017). Five of these papers are deemed to be highly significant contributions. The two African countries which recieved the most attention were Morocco...

... of calculated sulfide Ni vs. S for different lithostratigraphic subzones in the central section of the Santa Rita zone, with regression statistics. (a). Olivine cumulates (dunite subzone), plus regression lines for this zone and the harzburgite and orthopyroxenite subzone. (b). Harzburgite subzone. (c...