... to simplified attenuation models. We measure the high‐frequency spectral decay parameter kappa on the vertical acceleration spectra of regional earthquakes (125 km away). The site‐dependent kappa ( κ 0 , acc ) suggests that attenuation increases rapidly at shallow depth and is highly site‐dependent. 10%–75...

.... The area is characterized by low seismicity, where most of the well‐recorded earthquakes have magnitudes between 1 and 2. This magnitude range poses a challenge for commonly used kappa methods because the high‐frequency attenuation cannot be confidently isolated from the bandwidth in which the corner...

...Samantha M. Palmer; Gail M. Atkinson ABSTRACT Kappa (the high‐frequency spectral decay slope at near‐source distances; often referred to as κ 0 ) is determined at 25 seismograph stations in Eastern Canada using broadband ground‐motion modeling approaches. The database comprises Fourier spectra...

...Igor A. Beresnev ABSTRACT A well‐known difficulty in the popular simulations of earthquake ground motions for seismic hazard assessment using the point‐source model is overprediction of high‐frequency spectra. Ad hoc high‐cut filtering, known as f max or the kappa effect, is required to render...

... ), and California (e.g. Anderson, 1991 ; Kilb et al., 2012 ). The former studies presenting predictive models in Turkey mostly dealt with data from Western regions except for a κ model corresponding to a single source in Eastern Turkey ( Biro et al., 2022 ). Since kappa values presented in most of these studies...

... completed. We also estimated the near‐source kappa ( κ s ) using aftershocks from 24 August 2016 to 3 September 2016. The results show that the values of κ s are lower than those from aftershocks located to the north near the epicenter of the Amatrice earthquake, suggesting that the tectonic stress...

...Mehran Davatgari Tafreshi; Sanjay Singh Bora; Hadi Ghofrani; Noorbakhsh Mirzaei; Javad Kazemian ABSTRACT Spectral parameter kappa ( κ ) is widely used to model the decay slope of the Fourier acceleration spectrum at high frequencies. This study presents estimates of κ 0 , often referred...

... to the shape of the spectrum is the spectral decay factor—kappa ( κ ), which characterizes how the amplitude of the Fourier acceleration spectrum decays at high frequencies. The parameter κ can be important in the characterization and estimation of the surface seismic demand, being useful in, for example...

..., based on the observed SNRs. Figure 5. Length of moving windows used to calculate kappa ( κ ) parameter. The black lines represent the intervals of the frequency range, whereas median frequency values are shown with a red dot. The color version of this figure is available only...

... Institute Site attenuation kappa seismic rock response NGA-East ground motion high frequencies stable continental regions damping site amplification hard rock u.s. nuclear regulatory commission https://doi.org/10.13039/100005187 (not known) university of california https...

... in Figure  2b . Figure 2. (a) Locations of selected Japanese recording stations in this study, and (b) magnitude and distance distribution of selected ground motions. KEY POINTS This article investigates the effects of soil nonlinearity on kappa estimates. Soil nonlinearity affects...

...Christopher Brooks; John Douglas Abstract The aleatory‐variability component (standard deviation) of a ground motion has a large influence on results of a probabilistic seismic hazard assessment. kappa, a measure of high‐frequency attenuation, has site‐ and record‐specific effects that have been...

...Chunyang Ji; Ashly Cabas; Fabrice Cotton; Marco Pilz; Dino Bindi ABSTRACT One of the most commonly used parameters to describe seismic attenuation is the high‐frequency spectral decay parameter Kappa ( κ r ), yet the physics behind it remain little understood. A better understanding of potential...

...Samantha M. Palmer; Gail M. Atkinson ABSTRACT Spectral decay of ground‐motion amplitudes at high frequencies is primarily influenced by two parameters: site‐related kappa ( κ 0 ) and regional Q (quality factor, inversely proportional to anelastic attenuation). We examine kappa and apparent Q...

... frequency. He argues that the observed high‐frequency decay of earthquake spectra can be adequately modeled by this ω − 2.5 fall‐off, without needing to include high‐frequency attenuation at shallow depth under the site, commonly characterized as f max or kappa. In his abstract...

.... Seismol. 21 , 1277 – 1284 . Beresnev I. A. 2019 . Interpretation of kappa and f max filters as source effect , Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 109 , 822 – 826 . Frankel A. 2019 . “Comment on” Interpretation of kappa and f max filters as source effect” by Igor...

...Igor A. Beresnev Abstract The high‐frequency spectral rolloff of recorded ground acceleration during earthquakes is commonly modeled by either of the two ad hoc high‐cut filters, f max and kappa, which have been used interchangeably. The physical origin of the cutoff they produce is still debated...

... source (stress parameter), path (frequency‐dependent Q), and site parameters (kappa) for 24 earthquakes of M 1.5–3.3 that have been recorded at 84 seismic stations in the southern Rocky Mountains (SRM) of central Colorado. Based on a broadband inversion methodology using the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm...

...Behzad Hassani; Gail M. Atkinson Abstract We modified the simulation‐based generic ground‐motion prediction equation (GMPE) model proposed by Yenier and Atkinson (2015b) to enable adjustments for the near‐surface attenuation parameter commonly referred to as kappa ( κ 0 ). This enhances...

... to predict ground motions using the vertical array data from the KiK‐net sites has yet to be tested. 3 December 2016 The main purpose of this study is to determine site‐specific kappa ( κ 0 )‐consistent damping values at selected stations from the Japanese database KiK‐net ( National...