... are mostly due to vibrations of OH groups. F ig . 3. Optical absorption spectra of a single-crystal fragment of a blue, Fe-bearing olenite from Kuklík, Czech Republic. Sample thickness: 0.182 mm. There is no direct evidence for ferric iron in this olenite from the optical spectrum because...

...Werner SCHREYER; Ulrich WODARA; Bernd MARLER; Peter A. van AKEN; Friedrich SEIFERT; Jean-Louis ROBERT Abstract One selected composition within the system Na 2 O-Al 2 O 3 -B 2 O 3 -SiO 2 -H 2 O (NABSH) was studied with the aim of synthesizing the new tourmaline end member olenite...

...Werner SCHREYER; John M. HUGHES; Heinz-Jürgen BERNHARDT; Angelika KALT; Stefan PROWATKE; Andreas ERTL Abstract Recent discoveries have demonstrated that some synthetic and natural olenite tourmalines contain less than the putative Si 6.00 p.f.u. , with the deficiencies in the tetrahedral sites...

... that concentration. Lowering the water content to 3.72 wt% ( Table 4 ) yields 4.005 OH per formula unit, consistent with zero olenite and ferric iron components, and lowers the analytical total to slightly less than 100 wt%. Calculation by the Li-absent spreadsheet yields the result of 0-53-0-40-2-0-0-0 identifying...

...) 3 OH, magnesio-foitite □(Mg 2 Al)Al 6 Si 6 O 18 (BO 3 ) 3 (OH) 3 OH, oxy-uvite CaMg 3 Al 6 Si 6 O 18 (BO 3 ) 3 (OH) 3 O, and olenite NaAl 3 Al 6 Si 6 O 18 (BO 3 ) 3 O 3 OH, where □ represents an X -site vacancy] were collected to 60 GPa at 300 K using a diamond-anvil cell and synchrotron radiation...

... explanation. Using the example of olenitic tourmaline, we show that these features are likely explained by the occurrence of a precursor phase during tourmaline formation. Time-dependent piston–cylinder synthesis experiments were performed in the system SiO 2 –Al 2 O 3 –B 2 O 3 –NaCl–H 2 O at 700 °C/40 kbar...

...), respectively], as well as a synthetic Cu-bearing olenite with a CuO content of 8.39 wt% [ a = 15.840(4), c = 7.091(1)] have been refined to R-indices of 2.2, 3.1, and 4.1% using X-ray single-crystal diffraction. On the basis of original and published data (for six structures) the crystal-chemical relationships...

..., that the common tourmaline-group minerals (solid solutions among schorl, dravite, olenite, foitite and, to a lesser extent, uvite) can be stable from the conditions of diagenesis through the granulite facies. However, the stability field of elbaite, the most common Li-rich species, is not known with any certainty...

... amounts of substitution of B for Si, five samples were separated from a core-to-rim (~3 mm) section of an Fe-bearing olenite with a dark green core and a nearly colorless rim from Koralpe, Austria. Crystal structures of the five samples were refined to R values <0.018 using three-dimensional X-ray...

... preferred orientation and loaded in a plexiglass sample holder 12 mm diameter. The sample weight was determined on the basis of iron composition such that the dimensionless effective sample thickness was equal to 2 (corresponds to 5 mg Fe/cm 2 ) in order to minimize thickness effects. The structure...

...Martin Kutzschbach; Bernd Wunder; Dieter Rhede; Monika Koch-Müller; Andreas Ertl; Gerald Giester; Wilhelm Heinrich; Gerhard Franz Abstract Olenitic tourmaline with high amounts of tetrahedral B (up to 2.53 [4] B pfu) has been synthesized in a piston-cylinder press at 4.0 GPa, 700 °C, and a run...

... tourmaline (pale blue, pink, dark green). The Al-rich tourmaline was originally assigned to Mn-/Fe-bearing olenite and elbaite, based on semiquantitative energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopic analyses and the unit-cell parameters, which were in the range a ≈ 15.80–15.87 and c ≈ 7.09–7.10 Å. Ertl (1995...

... in mixed-valence minerals of iron and titanium . Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences , 9 , 345 – 383 . Cámara , F. , Ottolini , L. and Hawthorne , F.C. ( 2002 ) Crystal chemistry of three tourmalines by SREF, EMPA, and SIMS . American Mineralogist , 87 , 1437 – 1442...

... apfu ) schorl, Mn-rich (0.58 apfu ) Fe-bearing olenite-elbaite to Mn-rich (0.86–1.27 apfu ) olenite-elbaite, which reflects the Mn-enrichment of the pegmatite system during the late stages of its evolution. Mn-rich Li-bearing olenite has the formulae x (Na 0.71 Ca 0.01 □ 0.28 ) Y (Al 1.36 Mn 2+ 1.27 Li...

... studies of Al-rich and Li-bearing tourmalines (elbaite, liddicoatite, olenite, “oxy-rossmanite”) showed that B substitutes for Si in significant amounts (up to ~0.8 apfu) at the tetrahedral site in tourmaline ( Ertl et al. 1997 , 2005 , 2006 , 2007 , 2008 ; Hughes et al. 2000 , 2001 ; Schreyer et...

..., the deprotonation which balances the charge excess can only occur at the V site. The only probable local arrangement with V O is that with 3 Y R 3+ ( Bačík 2015 ), and this produces fluor-buergerite and olenite endmembers ( Grice & Ercit 1993 , Hawthorne 1996 ). Other local arrangements produce...

... of IV B (from the optimized formulae). Similar to the olenites (from Koralpe, Austria) the liddicoatite-elbaite samples show a positive correlation between the Al occupancy at the Y site and IV B ( r 2 = 0.988). Short-range order configurations show that the presence of IV B is coupled...

.... Wodara U. Schreyer W. ( 2002 ) Synthetic tourmaline (olenite) with excess boron replacing silicon in the tetrahedral site: II. Structure analysis . European Journal of Mineralogy , 14 , 763 – 771 . Mattson S.M. Rossman G.R. ( 1984 ) Ferric iron in tourmaline . Physics...

... is estimated, this is done on the basis the Li fills any cation deficiency in the Y site. Hydrogen contents are determined by charge balance assuming the oxidation states of iron and manganese to be divalent except for fluor-buergerite (S36) and povondraite (S33), where all iron is trivalent. The total oxide...

... for Fe 3+ and for (Fe 2+ -Fe 3+ ) interactions structural information is still essential. Fe 3+ MS doublets were identified and assigned to iron in Y and Z sites on the basis of structural information. In a few spectra, Fe 3+ doublets with very low parameters (δ ~ 0.2 mm/s) were observed and, in contrast...