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Coccolithophoraceae
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Coccolithus (2)
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Emiliania
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Emiliania huxleyi (1)
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-
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diatoms (2)
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Epiphyton (1)
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nannofossils (2)
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Rhodophyta
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Corallinaceae (5)
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-
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Spermatophyta
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Angiospermae (1)
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Gymnospermae
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Coniferales
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Taxodiaceae
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Sequoia (1)
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-
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Glossopteridales
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Glossopteris
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Glossopteris flora (1)
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thallophytes (5)
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geochronology methods
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(U-Th)/He (5)
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Ar/Ar (120)
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exposure age (1)
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fission-track dating (8)
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K/Ar (35)
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Lu/Hf (34)
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Nd/Nd (8)
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optical mineralogy (1)
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paleomagnetism (38)
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Pb/Pb (23)
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Pb/Th (2)
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radiation damage (2)
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Rb/Sr (37)
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Re/Os (13)
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sclerochronology (1)
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Sm/Nd (48)
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Sr/Sr (10)
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tephrochronology (2)
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Th/U (7)
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thermochronology (5)
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thermoluminescence (2)
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U/Pb (438)
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U/Th/Pb (24)
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geologic age
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Cenozoic
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lower Cenozoic (3)
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middle Cenozoic (1)
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Quaternary
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Holocene
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Middle Ages (1)
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middle Holocene (1)
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Neolithic (1)
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upper Holocene
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Roman period (2)
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Pleistocene
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Bandelier Tuff (1)
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Bishop Tuff (2)
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lower Pleistocene
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Gelasian (1)
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middle Pleistocene (1)
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upper Pleistocene
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Devensian
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upper Devensian (2)
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Weichselian
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upper Weichselian
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Younger Dryas (1)
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upper Quaternary (7)
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Stone Age
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Neolithic (1)
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Tertiary
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Calipuy Group (2)
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lower Tertiary (7)
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middle Tertiary (1)
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Neogene
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Miocene
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Columbia River Basalt Group (4)
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Crater Flat Tuff (1)
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lower Miocene (9)
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middle Miocene
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Serravallian (1)
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Pungo River Formation (1)
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upper Miocene
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Messinian (1)
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Pliocene
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lower Pliocene (1)
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upper Pliocene (2)
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upper Neogene (1)
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Paleogene
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Chadron Formation (1)
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Eocene
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Bracklesham Group (1)
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Colton Formation (1)
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Green River Formation (1)
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lower Eocene
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Ypresian (3)
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middle Eocene
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Barton Clay (1)
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upper Eocene (2)
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Flagstaff Formation (1)
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lower Paleogene (1)
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Oligocene
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Fish Canyon Tuff (1)
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Frio Formation (1)
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lower Oligocene (1)
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upper Oligocene (7)
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Paleocene
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lower Paleocene
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Danian (1)
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K-T boundary (2)
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middle Paleocene
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Selandian (1)
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upper Paleocene (3)
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Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (1)
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White River Group (1)
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upper Cenozoic (7)
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Coal Measures (5)
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Dalradian (10)
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Mesozoic
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Bela Ophiolites (1)
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Condrey Mountain Schist (1)
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Cretaceous
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Comanchean
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Edwards Formation (2)
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Lower Cretaceous
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Albian
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upper Albian (1)
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Aptian
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lower Aptian (1)
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Barremian (3)
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Berriasian (2)
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Edwards Formation (2)
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Hauterivian (1)
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Lagoa Feia Formation (1)
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Mannville Group (1)
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McMurray Formation (2)
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Missisauga Formation (1)
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Valanginian (1)
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Wealden (1)
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Middle Cretaceous
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Winton Formation (1)
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Upper Cretaceous
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Campanian (6)
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Cardium Formation (1)
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Cenomanian (3)
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Coniacian (1)
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K-T boundary (2)
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Maestrichtian (3)
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Pierre Shale (2)
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Rosario Formation (1)
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Senonian (5)
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Tuolumne Intrusive Suite (4)
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Turonian (3)
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-
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Franciscan Complex (6)
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Great Valley Sequence (2)
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Jurassic
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Bazhenov Formation (1)
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Carmel Formation (1)
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Coast Range Ophiolite (1)
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Ferrar Group (2)
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Lower Jurassic
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lower Liassic (2)
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middle Liassic (1)
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Pliensbachian (1)
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Sinemurian (1)
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Toarcian (1)
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upper Liassic (2)
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Middle Jurassic
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Aalenian (1)
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Bajocian (2)
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Bathonian (3)
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Dogger (1)
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Norphlet Formation (1)
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Opalinus Clay (1)
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Upper Jurassic
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Arab Formation (1)
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Buckner Formation (2)
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Galice Formation (1)
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Haynesville Formation (1)
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Josephine Ophiolite (2)
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Kimmeridge Clay (3)
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Kimmeridgian (5)
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Oxfordian (3)
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Portlandian (2)
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Smackover Formation (5)
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Tithonian (3)
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lower Mesozoic (10)
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Orocopia Schist (1)
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Shimanto Group (1)
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Triassic
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Lower Triassic
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Permian-Triassic boundary (19)
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Middle Triassic
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Doig Formation (1)
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Ladinian (1)
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Sherwood Sandstone (9)
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Upper Triassic
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Carnian (4)
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Keuper (1)
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Mercia Mudstone (6)
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Norian (1)
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Rhaetian
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Penarth Group (2)
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upper Mesozoic
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Yixian Formation (1)
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Vaca Muerta Formation (2)
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Yanshanian (1)
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Moldanubian (9)
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Paleozoic
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Bird Spring Formation (1)
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Bowers Supergroup (1)
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Cambrian
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Acadian (3)
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Lower Cambrian
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Tommotian (1)
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Middle Cambrian
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Burgess Shale (2)
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Mount Read Volcanics (1)
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Upper Cambrian
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Furongian (2)
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Mount Simon Sandstone (1)
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Carboniferous
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Lower Carboniferous
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Dinantian (7)
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Mississippian
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Charles Formation (1)
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Lower Mississippian
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Lake Valley Formation (1)
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Lodgepole Formation (1)
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Tournaisian (1)
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Madison Group (3)
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Middle Mississippian
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Visean (5)
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Upper Mississippian
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Chesterian
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Imo Formation (1)
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Pennington Formation (1)
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Namurian (2)
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Pennsylvanian
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Lower Pennsylvanian (1)
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Middle Pennsylvanian
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Atokan (1)
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Desmoinesian (2)
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Pittsburgh Coal (1)
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Upper Pennsylvanian
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Holder Formation (2)
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Kasimovian (1)
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Virgilian (1)
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Upper Carboniferous
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Millstone Grit (3)
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Stephanian (1)
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Westphalian (2)
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-
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Devonian
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Beaverhill Lake Group (1)
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Lower Devonian
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Coeymans Formation (1)
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Gedinnian (1)
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Manlius Formation (1)
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Oriskany Sandstone (1)
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Middle Devonian
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Eifelian (1)
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Onondaga Limestone (2)
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Winnipegosis Formation (1)
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Old Red Sandstone (3)
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Swan Hills Formation (1)
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Upper Devonian
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Famennian
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Wabamun Group (1)
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Frasnian
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Leduc Formation (1)
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Upper Old Red Sandstone (1)
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Gemericum (2)
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Gfohl Unit (1)
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Helderberg Group (3)
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Knox Group (1)
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lower Paleozoic
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Wilmington Complex (1)
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Matapedia Group (1)
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middle Paleozoic (7)
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Ordovician
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Buchans Group (1)
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Eureka Quartzite (1)
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Lower Ordovician
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Arenigian
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Ballantrae Complex (1)
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Floian (1)
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Manx Group (1)
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Prairie du Chien Group (1)
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Shakopee Formation (1)
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Tremadocian (2)
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Meguma Group (2)
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Middle Ordovician
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Chazy Group (1)
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Darriwilian (1)
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Platteville Formation (1)
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Montoya Group (1)
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Pogonip Group (1)
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Trenton Group (1)
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Upper Ordovician
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Ashgillian (1)
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Caradocian
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Borrowdale Volcanic Group (1)
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Cincinnatian
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Richmondian (1)
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Hirnantian (2)
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Red River Formation (1)
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Trentonian (3)
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Yeoman Formation (2)
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-
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Permian
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Guadalupian
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Capitan Formation (3)
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Capitanian (1)
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Seven Rivers Formation (1)
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Tansill Formation (2)
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Irati Formation (1)
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Longtan Formation (1)
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Lower Permian
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Abo Formation (1)
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Cisuralian (1)
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Leman Sandstone Formation (1)
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Leonardian
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Clear Fork Group (1)
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Wichita Group (1)
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Maokou Formation (1)
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Middle Permian (4)
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Phosphoria Formation (1)
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Rotliegendes (3)
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Upper Permian
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Cadeby Formation (4)
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Lopingian
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Changhsingian (1)
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Permian-Triassic boundary (19)
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Raniganj Formation (1)
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Zechstein (14)
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Yates Formation (2)
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Yeso Formation (1)
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Rangeley Formation (1)
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Shoo Fly Complex (1)
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Silurian
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Lower Silurian
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Llandovery (2)
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Wenlock
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Much Wenlock Limestone (1)
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Whirlpool Sandstone (2)
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Upper Silurian
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Ludlow (1)
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Pridoli (2)
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-
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Supai Formation (1)
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Talchir Formation (1)
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Tippecanoe Sequence (1)
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upper Paleozoic (21)
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Phanerozoic (31)
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Precambrian
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Adirondack Anorthosite (1)
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Archean
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Aravalli System (4)
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Blake River Group (1)
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Bulawayan Group (1)
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Eoarchean (2)
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Fig Tree Group (1)
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J-M Reef (1)
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Kalgoorlie System (1)
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Mesoarchean (15)
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Napier Complex (2)
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Neoarchean
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Dharwar Supergroup (1)
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Sargur Group (5)
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Paleoarchean
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Hooggenoeg Formation (1)
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Peninsular Gneiss (3)
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Sausar Series (2)
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Singhbhum Granite (2)
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Warrawoona Group (2)
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Yellowknife Group (1)
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Baltimore Gneiss (1)
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Biwabik Iron Formation (1)
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Brockman Iron Formation (2)
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Central Rand Group (1)
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Cuddapah System (2)
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Delhi Supergroup (5)
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Fortescue Group (1)
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Hadean (9)
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Hamersley Group (1)
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Kisseynew Complex (1)
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Laramie anorthosite complex (5)
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Levack Gneiss (1)
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Lewisian Complex (3)
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Nipissing Diabase (1)
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Onverwacht Group (3)
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Spuhler Peak Formation (1)
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Stillwater Complex (11)
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Transvaal Supergroup (2)
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upper Precambrian
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Proterozoic
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Algonkian
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Baraboo Quartzite (1)
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Banded Gneissic Complex (2)
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Cahill Formation (1)
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Damara System (2)
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Huronian (2)
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Hutuo Group (1)
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Keweenawan (1)
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Kombolgie Formation (2)
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Lewisian (3)
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Malmani Subgroup (1)
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Mesoproterozoic
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Gawler Range Volcanics (1)
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Helena Formation (1)
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Laxfordian (3)
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Shuangqiaoshan Group (1)
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Miette Group (1)
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Neoproterozoic
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Cryogenian (6)
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Ediacaran (9)
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Marinoan (1)
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Otavi Group (1)
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Riphean
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upper Riphean (3)
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-
Tonian (4)
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Torridonian (1)
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Vendian (12)
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Paleoproterozoic
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Birimian (3)
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Dhanjori Group (2)
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Marquette Range Supergroup (1)
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Orosirian (3)
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Rooiberg Group (2)
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Rustenburg Layered Suite (11)
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Siderian (2)
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Statherian (1)
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Virginia Formation (1)
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Willyama Supergroup (1)
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Pretoria Group (1)
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Roan Supergroup (1)
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Sinian
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Xiong'er Group (1)
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-
-
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Witwatersrand Supergroup (3)
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Rhenohercynian (1)
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Saxothuringian (1)
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-
igneous rocks
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extrusive rocks (4)
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igneous rocks
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carbonatites
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sovite (2)
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-
feldspathoid rocks (9)
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granophyre (5)
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hypabyssal rocks (7)
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kamafugite (4)
-
kimberlite (116)
-
peperite (2)
-
phoscorites (1)
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picrite (50)
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plutonic rocks
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alnoite (1)
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anorthosite (53)
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appinite (2)
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crinanite (1)
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diabase
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diabase porphyry (1)
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olivine diabase (1)
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tholeiitic dolerite (11)
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-
diorites
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diorite porphyry (4)
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ferrodiorite (3)
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microdiorite (1)
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plagiogranite (23)
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quartz diorites (23)
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tonalite
-
enderbite (4)
-
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trondhjemite (11)
-
-
essexite (3)
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gabbros
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alkali gabbros
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teschenite (1)
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-
labradoritite (1)
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microgabbro (3)
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norite (47)
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olivine gabbro (5)
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troctolite (32)
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-
granites
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adamellite (3)
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alaskite (1)
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alkali granites (4)
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aplite (10)
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A-type granites (46)
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biotite granite (6)
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charnockite (37)
-
felsite (2)
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granite porphyry (13)
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granosyenite (6)
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I-type granites (29)
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leucogranite (36)
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microgranite (3)
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monzogranite (32)
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rapakivi (4)
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S-type granites (15)
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two-mica granite (4)
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-
granodiorites
-
granodiorite porphyry (1)
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-
ijolite (8)
-
lamproite (25)
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lamprophyres
-
camptonite (4)
-
kersantite (1)
-
minette (8)
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monchiquite (2)
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spessartite (3)
-
vogesite (1)
-
-
monzodiorite (27)
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monzonites
-
mangerite (8)
-
-
pegmatite (86)
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quartz monzonite (8)
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sovite (2)
-
syenites
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albitite (6)
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alkali syenites (5)
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granosyenite (6)
-
nepheline syenite
-
agpaite (2)
-
kakortokite (1)
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lujavrite (2)
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miaskite (1)
-
-
pulaskite (1)
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quartz syenite (8)
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shonkinite (4)
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syenite porphyry (4)
-
-
syenodiorite (1)
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ultramafics
-
chromitite (51)
-
hornblendite (4)
-
olivinite (1)
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peridotites
-
dunite (82)
-
garnet lherzolite (10)
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garnet peridotite (7)
-
harzburgite (73)
-
lherzolite (51)
-
spinel lherzolite (11)
-
spinel peridotite (3)
-
-
pyroxenite
-
clinopyroxenite (18)
-
garnet pyroxenite (5)
-
orthopyroxenite (14)
-
websterite (16)
-
-
-
urtite (1)
-
-
porphyry
-
vitrophyre (1)
-
-
volcanic rocks
-
adakites (60)
-
andesites
-
andesite porphyry (2)
-
boninite (30)
-
-
basalts
-
alkali basalts
-
alkali olivine basalt (2)
-
hawaiite (7)
-
mugearite (3)
-
spilite (2)
-
trachybasalts (13)
-
trachydolerite (1)
-
-
flood basalts (40)
-
mare basalts (1)
-
mid-ocean ridge basalts (82)
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ocean-island basalts (35)
-
olivine basalt (2)
-
olivine tholeiite (3)
-
shoshonite (17)
-
tholeiite (33)
-
tholeiitic basalt (18)
-
trap rocks (14)
-
-
basanite
-
ankaramite (8)
-
-
dacites (34)
-
glasses
-
obsidian (2)
-
volcanic glass (7)
-
-
keratophyre (1)
-
komatiite (73)
-
latite (5)
-
leucitite (1)
-
limburgite (2)
-
meimechite (8)
-
melilitite (5)
-
nephelinite
-
olivine nephelinite (1)
-
-
phonolites
-
tinguaite (2)
-
-
pyroclastics
-
andesite tuff (1)
-
ash-flow tuff (1)
-
hyaloclastite (1)
-
ignimbrite (20)
-
pumice (7)
-
rhyolite tuff (1)
-
scoria (3)
-
tuff (25)
-
welded tuff (1)
-
-
rhyodacites (12)
-
rhyolites
-
comendite (4)
-
pantellerite (2)
-
quartz porphyry (2)
-
-
tephrite (1)
-
trachyandesites
-
absarokite (4)
-
-
trachytes (18)
-
vitrophyre (1)
-
-
-
ophiolite (96)
-
ophite (1)
-
pyrolite (4)
-
volcanic ash (2)
-
wehrlite (28)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
K-bentonite (1)
-
metamorphic rocks
-
amphibolites (54)
-
cataclasites (2)
-
eclogite (60)
-
garnetite (3)
-
gneisses
-
augen gneiss (2)
-
biotite gneiss (3)
-
granite gneiss (16)
-
orthogneiss (17)
-
paragneiss (13)
-
sillimanite gneiss (2)
-
-
granulites
-
kinzigite (1)
-
-
hornfels (10)
-
impactites
-
impact breccia
-
lunar breccia (2)
-
suevite (1)
-
-
-
jadeitite (2)
-
lapis lazuli (1)
-
listwanite (4)
-
marbles (44)
-
metacarbonate rocks (1)
-
metaigneous rocks
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metabasalt (15)
-
metabasite (14)
-
metadacite (2)
-
metadiorite (2)
-
metagabbro (8)
-
metagranite (9)
-
metakomatiite (4)
-
metaperidotite (1)
-
metapyroxenite (1)
-
metarhyolite (1)
-
metatuff (2)
-
serpentinite (47)
-
-
metaplutonic rocks (4)
-
metasedimentary rocks
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khondalite (5)
-
metachert (2)
-
metaconglomerate (1)
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metagraywacke (1)
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metalimestone (2)
-
metapelite (46)
-
metasandstone (2)
-
paragneiss (13)
-
shungite (1)
-
-
metasomatic rocks
-
fenite (1)
-
greisen
-
beresite (2)
-
-
rodingite (4)
-
serpentinite (47)
-
skarn (91)
-
-
metavolcanic rocks (37)
-
migmatites
-
anatexite (4)
-
-
mylonites
-
blastomylonite (3)
-
-
phyllites (4)
-
quartzites
-
ferruginous quartzite (1)
-
-
schists
-
biotite schist (1)
-
blueschist (4)
-
greenschist (4)
-
greenstone (14)
-
muscovite schist (3)
-
tourmalinite (1)
-
-
slates (6)
-
-
ophiolite (96)
-
ophite (1)
-
turbidite (14)
-
-
meteorites
-
meteorites
-
Allan Hills Meteorites
-
ALH 84001 (1)
-
ALHA 77005 (1)
-
ALHA 81005 (3)
-
-
Dar al Gani Meteorites (1)
-
Dhofar Meteorites (1)
-
Elephant Moraine Meteorites (1)
-
Graves Nunataks Meteorites
-
GRA 95209 (1)
-
-
iron meteorites (2)
-
micrometeorites (1)
-
Northwest Africa Meteorites (7)
-
Pecora Escarpment Meteorites (1)
-
Queen Alexandra Range Meteorites (1)
-
stony irons
-
lodranite
-
GRA 95209 (1)
-
-
pallasite (2)
-
-
stony meteorites
-
acapulcoite (2)
-
achondrites
-
ALHA 81005 (3)
-
angrite (2)
-
aubrite (1)
-
diogenite (3)
-
eucrite
-
Pasamonte Meteorite (1)
-
-
HED meteorites (1)
-
howardite (2)
-
lunar meteorites (13)
-
Martian meteorites
-
ALH 84001 (1)
-
SNC Meteorites
-
chassignite
-
Chassigny Meteorite (2)
-
-
nakhlite (2)
-
shergottite
-
ALHA 77005 (1)
-
Los Angeles Meteorite (1)
-
Shergotty Meteorite (1)
-
Zagami Meteorite (1)
-
-
-
-
ureilite (3)
-
-
chondrites
-
carbonaceous chondrites
-
CI chondrites
-
Orgueil Meteorite (1)
-
-
CK chondrites (1)
-
CM chondrites (1)
-
CV chondrites
-
Allende Meteorite (3)
-
-
-
enstatite chondrites (3)
-
ordinary chondrites
-
H chondrites
-
Tieschitz Meteorite (1)
-
-
L chondrites (4)
-
LL chondrites (1)
-
-
rumurutiites (1)
-
-
-
Yamato Meteorites (4)
-
-
-
minerals
-
alloys
-
awaruite (2)
-
carbides
-
cohenite (1)
-
moissanite (7)
-
-
electrum (1)
-
kamacite (2)
-
niggliite (1)
-
nitrides (3)
-
phosphides
-
schreibersite (1)
-
-
silicides (1)
-
taenite (2)
-
-
antimonides (1)
-
arsenates (3)
-
arsenides
-
arsenopyrite (6)
-
cobaltite (5)
-
gersdorffite (3)
-
lollingite (3)
-
sperrylite (10)
-
-
arsenites (2)
-
bismuthides
-
froodite (1)
-
michenerite (1)
-
-
borates
-
boracite (2)
-
borax (2)
-
colemanite (1)
-
fluoborite (1)
-
hulsite (1)
-
kernite (1)
-
kotoite (4)
-
kurnakovite (1)
-
ludwigite (5)
-
szaibelyite (1)
-
vonsenite (1)
-
-
carbonates
-
ankerite (6)
-
aragonite (58)
-
azurite (2)
-
bastnaesite (1)
-
calcite (146)
-
cerussite (1)
-
dolomite (114)
-
huntite (2)
-
hydromagnesite (6)
-
hydrotalcite (5)
-
magnesian calcite (29)
-
magnesite (27)
-
malachite (2)
-
monohydrocalcite (5)
-
nahcolite (2)
-
nesquehonite (2)
-
norsethite (3)
-
protodolomite (1)
-
rhodochrosite (3)
-
siderite (11)
-
smithsonite (2)
-
spurrite (5)
-
strontianite (2)
-
trona (1)
-
vaterite (4)
-
witherite (2)
-
-
chromates (2)
-
copper minerals (1)
-
halides
-
chlorides
-
boracite (2)
-
eudialyte (2)
-
halite (7)
-
sylvite (3)
-
-
fluorides
-
bastnaesite (1)
-
clinohumite (7)
-
fluoborite (1)
-
fluorite (2)
-
humite (9)
-
topaz (5)
-
triplite (1)
-
zinnwaldite (5)
-
-
-
hydrates (4)
-
iron minerals (1)
-
K-bentonite (1)
-
manganese minerals (4)
-
minerals (48)
-
native elements
-
carbonado (2)
-
diamond
-
microdiamond (5)
-
-
graphite (21)
-
lonsdaleite (1)
-
-
organic minerals (3)
-
oxides
-
akaganeite (1)
-
alexandrite (1)
-
armalcolite (5)
-
baddeleyite (6)
-
birnessite (1)
-
boehmite (1)
-
brannerite (1)
-
brookite (1)
-
brucite (9)
-
cassiterite (4)
-
chrome spinel (57)
-
chromite (59)
-
chrysoberyl (2)
-
corundum (20)
-
cryptomelane (1)
-
ferrihydrite (1)
-
ferropericlase (4)
-
ferropseudobrookite (1)
-
franklinite (2)
-
gahnite (4)
-
geikielite (4)
-
germanates (3)
-
gibbsite (2)
-
goethite (11)
-
hausmannite (1)
-
hematite (20)
-
hercynite (11)
-
hibonite (1)
-
hoegbomite (4)
-
hollandite (2)
-
hydroxides
-
oxyhydroxides (1)
-
-
ilmenite (71)
-
iron oxides (27)
-
limonite (1)
-
magnesioferrite (3)
-
magnesium oxides (1)
-
magnetite (74)
-
manganese oxides (1)
-
niobates
-
aeschynite (4)
-
betafite (1)
-
columbite (5)
-
euxenite (1)
-
fergusonite (2)
-
pyrochlore (7)
-
samarskite (1)
-
-
periclase (8)
-
perovskite (19)
-
pitchblende (2)
-
portlandite (1)
-
priderite (1)
-
pseudobrookite (2)
-
pyrophanite (3)
-
rutile (27)
-
sapphire (7)
-
spinel (99)
-
spinel group (20)
-
tantalates
-
betafite (1)
-
euxenite (1)
-
microlite (1)
-
tantalite (3)
-
wodginite (1)
-
-
thorianite (1)
-
titanium oxides (12)
-
titanomagnetite (18)
-
ulvospinel (6)
-
uraninite (8)
-
wustite (5)
-
zirconolite (1)
-
-
phosphates
-
apatite (71)
-
britholite (1)
-
carbonate apatite (1)
-
chlorapatite (3)
-
eosphorite (1)
-
florencite (1)
-
fluorapatite (13)
-
hydroxylapatite (2)
-
lithiophilite (1)
-
merrillite (3)
-
monazite (42)
-
rhabdophane (1)
-
sarcopside (2)
-
triphylite (1)
-
triplite (1)
-
variscite (1)
-
vivianite (1)
-
whitlockite (2)
-
xenotime (3)
-
-
platinum minerals (31)
-
selenides
-
eskebornite (1)
-
-
silicates
-
aluminosilicates
-
maskelynite (5)
-
-
asbestos (2)
-
borosilicates (7)
-
chain silicates
-
aenigmatite group
-
aenigmatite (1)
-
rhonite (3)
-
sapphirine (26)
-
-
amphibole group
-
clinoamphibole
-
actinolite (7)
-
arfvedsonite (5)
-
cummingtonite (9)
-
edenite (3)
-
glaucophane (5)
-
grunerite (3)
-
hastingsite (3)
-
hornblende (44)
-
kaersutite (6)
-
magnesioriebeckite (1)
-
nephrite (3)
-
pargasite (10)
-
richterite (5)
-
riebeckite (1)
-
tremolite (10)
-
tschermakite (5)
-
-
orthoamphibole
-
anthophyllite (8)
-
gedrite (7)
-
holmquistite (2)
-
-
-
astrophyllite (1)
-
carpholite (4)
-
ferrocarpholite (1)
-
jade (3)
-
prehnite (4)
-
pyroxene group
-
clinopyroxene
-
aegirine (11)
-
augite (22)
-
chrome diopside (7)
-
clinoenstatite (1)
-
diopside (39)
-
fassaite (2)
-
hedenbergite (12)
-
jadeite (8)
-
omphacite (9)
-
pigeonite (9)
-
spodumene (3)
-
-
orthopyroxene
-
enstatite (21)
-
ferrosilite (4)
-
hypersthene (3)
-
-
-
pyroxferroite (1)
-
rhodonite group
-
babingtonite (2)
-
rhodonite (4)
-
-
tobermorite (2)
-
wollastonite group
-
pectolite (1)
-
wollastonite (16)
-
-
xonotlite (2)
-
-
feldspathoids (2)
-
framework silicates
-
feldspar group
-
alkali feldspar
-
adularia (1)
-
anorthoclase (2)
-
celsian (1)
-
hyalophane (4)
-
K-feldspar (19)
-
microcline (1)
-
perthite (1)
-
sanidine (6)
-
-
antiperthite (1)
-
barium feldspar
-
celsian (1)
-
hyalophane (4)
-
-
plagioclase
-
albite (8)
-
anorthite (9)
-
bytownite (4)
-
labradorite (2)
-
oligoclase (1)
-
-
-
leucite (6)
-
nepheline group
-
kalsilite (3)
-
nepheline (13)
-
-
pseudoleucite (2)
-
scapolite group
-
scapolite (5)
-
-
silica minerals
-
chalcedony (2)
-
coesite (12)
-
cristobalite (3)
-
melanophlogite (1)
-
moganite (2)
-
opal (2)
-
quartz (72)
-
stishovite (1)
-
tridymite (1)
-
-
sodalite group
-
hauyne (1)
-
lazurite (1)
-
-
zeolite group
-
analcime (3)
-
chabazite (1)
-
clinoptilolite (2)
-
heulandite (1)
-
laumontite (1)
-
mordenite (2)
-
natrolite (2)
-
pollucite (2)
-
stilbite (1)
-
-
-
garnierite (3)
-
magnesian silicates (9)
-
orthosilicates
-
nesosilicates
-
andalusite (7)
-
braunite (1)
-
britholite group
-
britholite (1)
-
-
chloritoid (2)
-
chondrodite (8)
-
clinohumite (7)
-
dumortierite (2)
-
garnet group
-
almandine (7)
-
andradite (7)
-
grossular (17)
-
hydrogarnet
-
hydrogrossular (1)
-
-
majorite (7)
-
pyrope (31)
-
schorlomite (2)
-
spessartine (2)
-
uvarovite (1)
-
-
grandidierite (1)
-
humite (9)
-
kyanite (19)
-
larnite (1)
-
merwinite (4)
-
mullite (2)
-
olivine group
-
fayalite (10)
-
forsterite (47)
-
kirschsteinite (4)
-
monticellite (7)
-
olivine (205)
-
peridot (2)
-
ringwoodite (18)
-
wadsleyite (13)
-
-
phenakite group
-
willemite (2)
-
-
sillimanite (10)
-
spurrite (5)
-
staurolite (17)
-
titanite group
-
malayaite (1)
-
titanite (29)
-
-
titanoclinohumite (3)
-
topaz (5)
-
zircon group
-
coffinite (3)
-
thorite (7)
-
zircon (377)
-
-
-
sorosilicates
-
axinite group (1)
-
bertrandite (1)
-
chevkinite group
-
chevkinite (3)
-
perrierite (3)
-
-
epidote group
-
allanite (17)
-
clinozoisite (8)
-
epidote (21)
-
piemontite (3)
-
tanzanite (1)
-
zoisite (1)
-
-
kornerupine (4)
-
lawsonite (4)
-
melilite group
-
akermanite (2)
-
gehlenite (5)
-
melilite (10)
-
-
prismatine (2)
-
pumpellyite group
-
pumpellyite (5)
-
-
vesuvianite (6)
-
-
-
ring silicates
-
aquamarine (1)
-
beryl (15)
-
cordierite (30)
-
emerald (7)
-
eudialyte (2)
-
milarite group
-
milarite (3)
-
osumilite (6)
-
-
scawtite (1)
-
tourmaline group
-
dravite (21)
-
elbaite (11)
-
foitite (7)
-
schorl (18)
-
uvite (6)
-
-
-
sheet silicates
-
cerolite (2)
-
chlorite group
-
chamosite (6)
-
chlorite (72)
-
clinochlore (8)
-
cookeite (2)
-
sudoite (5)
-
-
clay minerals
-
beidellite (4)
-
dickite (2)
-
halloysite (3)
-
hectorite (1)
-
hisingerite (1)
-
kaolinite (17)
-
montmorillonite (12)
-
nontronite (7)
-
saponite (13)
-
smectite (61)
-
stevensite (5)
-
vermiculite (16)
-
-
clintonite (4)
-
corrensite (4)
-
illite (32)
-
margarite (3)
-
mica group
-
annite (9)
-
biotite (81)
-
celadonite (4)
-
glauconite (3)
-
lepidolite (2)
-
muscovite (25)
-
paragonite (1)
-
phengite (6)
-
phlogopite (68)
-
polylithionite (3)
-
zinnwaldite (5)
-
-
palygorskite (13)
-
pyrophyllite (1)
-
sepiolite (12)
-
sericite (6)
-
serpentine group
-
antigorite (10)
-
berthierine (3)
-
chrysotile (5)
-
cronstedtite (2)
-
lizardite (4)
-
serpentine (28)
-
-
stilpnomelane (1)
-
talc (10)
-
-
-
sulfates
-
alunite (5)
-
anhydrite (13)
-
barite (6)
-
chalcanthite (2)
-
copiapite (1)
-
epsomite (1)
-
gypsum (9)
-
jarosite (2)
-
lazurite (1)
-
melanterite (2)
-
pickeringite (1)
-
roemerite (1)
-
selenite (1)
-
-
sulfides
-
acanthite (1)
-
arsenopyrite (6)
-
bismuthinite (2)
-
bornite (3)
-
chalcocite (1)
-
chalcopyrite (17)
-
cinnabar (1)
-
cobaltite (5)
-
cooperite (4)
-
copper sulfides (6)
-
cubanite (2)
-
galena (6)
-
gersdorffite (3)
-
greigite (1)
-
heazlewoodite (4)
-
iron sulfides (2)
-
laurite (11)
-
lazurite (1)
-
mackinawite (1)
-
marcasite (1)
-
millerite (3)
-
molybdenite (10)
-
nickel sulfides (9)
-
pentlandite (14)
-
pyrite (18)
-
pyrrhotite (16)
-
siegenite (1)
-
sphalerite (8)
-
stibnite (2)
-
talnakhite (3)
-
tetradymite (1)
-
troilite (6)
-
ullmannite (1)
-
valleriite (1)
-
violarite (2)
-
-
sulfosalts
-
sulfantimonites
-
luzonite (1)
-
-
sulfarsenites
-
luzonite (1)
-
-
sulfobismuthites
-
cosalite (2)
-
hammarite (1)
-
matildite (1)
-
wittichenite (1)
-
-
-
tellurides
-
altaite (1)
-
calaverite (1)
-
hessite (2)
-
tellurobismuthite (1)
-
tetradymite (1)
-
-
tungstates
-
ferberite (1)
-
scheelite (10)
-
wolframite (3)
-
-
ultrabasite (4)
-
uranium minerals (2)
-
vanadates
-
carnotite (2)
-
-
wehrlite (28)
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (589)
-
academic institutions (1)
-
Africa
-
Afar (1)
-
Cape Verde Islands (1)
-
Central Africa
-
Angola (3)
-
Burundi (1)
-
Central African Republic (1)
-
Congo (2)
-
Congo Democratic Republic (2)
-
West Congo Belt (1)
-
-
Congo Craton (5)
-
East Africa
-
Djibouti (1)
-
Ethiopia
-
Wallo Ethiopia (1)
-
-
Kenya
-
Kenya Rift valley (3)
-
-
Mozambique (3)
-
Sudan (1)
-
Tanzania
-
Oldoinyo Lengai (3)
-
-
Uganda (1)
-
Zambia (11)
-
-
East African Lakes
-
Lake Baringo (1)
-
Lake Tanganyika (1)
-
-
East African Rift (5)
-
Gregory Rift (1)
-
Kalahari Desert (1)
-
Limpopo Basin (1)
-
Limpopo Belt (6)
-
Madagascar
-
Antananarivo Madagascar (1)
-
-
Mozambique Belt (6)
-
North Africa
-
Algeria
-
Ahaggar (2)
-
-
Atlas Mountains
-
Moroccan Atlas Mountains
-
Anti-Atlas (3)
-
Middle Atlas (2)
-
-
-
Egypt
-
Eastern Desert (12)
-
Kosseir Egypt (1)
-
Safaga Egypt (1)
-
Sinai Egypt (1)
-
-
Libya (1)
-
Morocco
-
Moroccan Atlas Mountains
-
Anti-Atlas (3)
-
Middle Atlas (2)
-
-
Rif
-
Beni Bouchera (1)
-
-
-
Tunisia (2)
-
-
Nubian Shield (9)
-
Sahara (2)
-
Southern Africa
-
Barberton greenstone belt (7)
-
Botswana
-
Okavango Delta (2)
-
-
Kaapvaal Craton (21)
-
Kalahari Craton (4)
-
Karoo Basin (10)
-
Lesotho (2)
-
Namaqualand (4)
-
Namaqualand metamorphic complex (4)
-
Namibia
-
Kaoko Belt (1)
-
-
South Africa
-
Bushveld Complex (54)
-
Cape Province region (5)
-
Eastern Cape Province South Africa (3)
-
Free State South Africa
-
Vredefort Dome (6)
-
-
KwaZulu-Natal South Africa (3)
-
Limpopo South Africa (5)
-
Merensky Reef (14)
-
Mpumalanga South Africa
-
Barberton Mountain Land (1)
-
-
Murchison greenstone belt (2)
-
Northern Cape Province South Africa
-
Kimberley South Africa (1)
-
-
Transvaal region (4)
-
Vaal River (1)
-
Witwatersrand (3)
-
-
Swaziland (1)
-
Zimbabwe
-
Belingwe greenstone belt (1)
-
Great Dyke (2)
-
-
-
West Africa
-
Cameroon (3)
-
Chad (1)
-
Ghana (1)
-
Guinea (3)
-
Ivory Coast (2)
-
Mali (2)
-
Mauritania (1)
-
Nigeria (3)
-
Senegal (1)
-
-
West African Craton (1)
-
West African Shield (1)
-
Zambezi Valley (2)
-
Zimbabwe Craton (6)
-
-
Antarctica
-
Antarctic ice sheet (1)
-
Antarctic Peninsula (9)
-
East Antarctica (10)
-
Ellsworth Land
-
Ellsworth Mountains (1)
-
-
James Ross Island (1)
-
Larsemann Hills (3)
-
Queen Maud Land
-
East Ongul Island (1)
-
Lutzow-Holm Bay (1)
-
Schirmacher Hills (1)
-
Sor-Rondane Mountains (2)
-
-
South Shetland Islands
-
King George Island (1)
-
-
Transantarctic Mountains
-
Pensacola Mountains (1)
-
-
Victoria Land
-
Yamato Mountains (1)
-
-
Wilkes Land (1)
-
-
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I-type granites (29)
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granodiorites
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ijolite (8)
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monzodiorite (27)
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pegmatite (86)
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urtite (1)
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Indian Ocean
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Invertebrata
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Trilobitomorpha
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Brachiopoda
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Articulata
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Echinodermata
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Crinozoa
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Mollusca
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Cephalopoda
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Protista
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Rotaliina
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Hedbergella (1)
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Orbitoidacea
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Operculina (1)
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Textulariina
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Orbitolina (1)
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Radiolaria (8)
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Vermes
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land subsidence (8)
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Mediterranean Sea
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Mesozoic
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Cretaceous
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Comanchean
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Edwards Formation (2)
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Lower Cretaceous
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Albian
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upper Albian (1)
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Aptian
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Barremian (3)
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Middle Cretaceous
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Winton Formation (1)
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Upper Cretaceous
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Campanian (6)
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Franciscan Complex (6)
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Jurassic
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Lower Jurassic
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Middle Jurassic
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Dogger (1)
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Norphlet Formation (1)
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Upper Jurassic
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Arab Formation (1)
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Haynesville Formation (1)
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Josephine Ophiolite (2)
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Kimmeridgian (5)
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Smackover Formation (5)
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Tithonian (3)
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lower Mesozoic (10)
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Orocopia Schist (1)
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Triassic
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Lower Triassic
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Permian-Triassic boundary (19)
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Middle Triassic
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Doig Formation (1)
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Sherwood Sandstone (9)
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Norian (1)
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upper Mesozoic
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Yixian Formation (1)
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Vaca Muerta Formation (2)
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Yanshanian (1)
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magnesium
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Rb-87/Sr-86 (13)
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (276)
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aluminum
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Al-26 (2)
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Cr-53/Cr-52 (1)
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Hf-177/Hf-176 (99)
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iron
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lead
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (64)
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Re-187/Os-188 (4)
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high magnesian
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Journal Article
OCCURRENCE AND STABILITY RELATIONSHIPS OF ARAGONITE, HIGH-MAGNESIAN CALCITE, AND LOW-MAGNESIAN CALCITE UNDER DEEP-SEA CONDITIONS Available to Purchase
Journal: GSA Bulletin
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Published: 01 October 1965
GSA Bulletin (1965) 76 (10): 1191–1196.
...GERALD M FRIEDMAN Abstract A relationship exists between the mineralogy and the environment of deposition of Recent carbonate sediments; deep-sea carbonate sediments contain abundant low-magnesian calcite, whereas shallow-water sediments are high in high-magnesian calcite and aragonite...
Journal Article
Petrology of “Mt. Shasta” high-magnesian andesite (HMA): A product of multi-stage crustal assembly Available to Purchase
Journal: American Mineralogist
Publisher: Mineralogical Society of America
Published: 01 February 2018
American Mineralogist (2018) 103 (2): 216–240.
.... 1999 ; Greene et al. 2006 ; Horodyskyj et al. 2009 ). We predict that such melts could be moderately water-rich (if formed at sufficiently high pressure, say in the deep crust), highly magnesian, and could mix with the intrusive magma to produce PBA-like liquids that, in turn, could be trapped...
Journal Article
High-magnesian andesite from Mount Shasta: A product of magma mixing and contamination, not a primitive mantle melt Available to Purchase
Journal: Geology
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Published: 01 April 2007
Geology (2007) 35 (4): 351–354.
... generally recognized, and that their magnesian compositions do not necessarily imply that they are primitive mantle melts. 27 11 2006 11 08 2006 22 11 2006 Geological Society of America 2007 high-magnesian andesite primitive magnesian andesite Mount Shasta mixing adakite arc...
Journal Article
High-magnesian andesite from Mount Shasta: A product of magma mixing and contamination, not a primitive melt: COMMENT AND REPLY: COMMENT Open Access
Journal: Geology
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Published: 01 January 2007
Geology (2007) 35 (1): e147.
..., Yb, Pb, and Zr. This illustrates the inability of the mixing models to produce the HMA with any third component, Trinity ophiolite or otherwise. Figure 1 Predicted isotopic composition of the Mt. Shasta high-magnesian andesite (HMA), using the mixing models of Streck et al. (2007) , are shown...
Journal Article
High-magnesian andesite from Mount Shasta: A product of magma mixing and contamination, not a primitive melt: COMMENT AND REPLY: REPLY Open Access
Journal: Geology
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Published: 01 January 2007
Geology (2007) 35 (1): e148.
.... 37 , p . 530 – 552 , doi: 10.1007/BF02596890 . Barr J. Grove T.L. Elkins-Tanton L. 2007 , High-magnesian andesite from Mount Shasta: A product of magma mixing and contaminations, not a primitive melt: Comment : Geology , doi: 10.1130/G24058C.1 . Borg L.E. Brandon...
Journal Article
High-magnesian andesite from Mount Shasta: A product of magma mixing and contamination, not a primitive melt: COMMENT AND REPLY: COMMENT Open Access
Journal: Geology
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Published: 01 January 2007
Geology (2007) 35 (1): e149–e150.
.... Chesley J. 2007 , High-magnesian andesite from Mount Shasta: A product of magma mixing and contamination, not a primitive mantle melt : Geology , v. 35 , p . 351 – 354 , doi: 10.1130/G23286A.1 . Yogodzinski G.M. Kelemen P.B. 1998 , Slab melting in the Aleutians: Implications...
Journal Article
High-magnesian andesite from Mount Shasta: A product of magma mixing and contamination, not a primitive melt: COMMENT AND REPLY: REPLY Open Access
Journal: Geology
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Published: 01 January 2007
Geology (2007) 35 (1): e150.
.... 148 , p . 542 – 565 , doi: 10.1007/s00410-004-0619-6 . Kelemen P.B. Yogodzinski 2007 , High-magnesian andesite from Mount Shasta: A product of contamination, not primitive melt: Comment : Geology , doi: 10.1130/G24099C.1 . Kelemen P.B. Hanghoj K. Greene A.R. 2003...
Journal Article
Petrology Geochemistry of the Late Archaean Siliceous High-Magnesian Basalts (SHMB) from Kaklur, Southern Bastar Craton, Central India Available to Purchase
Publisher: Geological Society of India
Published: 01 June 1999
Jour. Geol. Soc. India (1999) 53 (6): 693–704.
...Rajesh K. Srivastava; R. K. Singh Abstract Greenschist facies rnetabasalts showing relict spinifex texture, associated with the Late Archaean Bengpal Group, are well exposed in the Kaklur area, Bastar craton. They are classified as siliceous high-magnesian basalts (SHMB) on the basis of its...
Journal Article
Tectonic implications of fore-arc magmatism and generation of high-magnesian andesites: Alexander Island, Antarctica Available to Purchase
Journal: Journal of the Geological Society
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Published: 01 April 1998
Journal of the Geological Society (1998) 155 (2): 269–280.
... representing high-magnesian andesites.Sr and Nd isotopic data indicate that the andesites range isotopically to more depleted mantle compositions than the associated basalts. The dacite/rhyolites can be related compositionally to the andesites by assimilation of typical Pacific rim accretionary material...
Journal Article
Melting experiments on lherzolite KLB-1 under hydrous conditions and generation of high-magnesian andesitic melts Available to Purchase
Journal: Geology
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Published: 01 January 1997
Geology (1997) 25 (1): 42–44.
... above 1100 °C have basaltic compositions. This suggests that high-magnesian andesites can be formed by direct partial melting of the hydrous upper mantle only at relatively low temperatures. These andesitic melts, together with those obtained at 1100 °C, contain more than 3 wt% H 2 O and have...
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Recent high magnesian calcite/aragonite cementation of beach and submarine sediments from Denmark Available to Purchase
Journal: Journal of Sedimentary Research
Publisher: SEPM Society for Sedimentary Geology
Published: 01 December 1976
Journal of Sedimentary Research (1976) 46 (4): 940–951.
... to sediment bodies of accumulated shell material mixed with quartz sand and 2) cement of magnesian calcite associated with sediment bodies of almost pure quartz sand. Both types of cement are present at all localities studied. The magnesian calcite shows a variable magnesium content in the range of 10-25 wt...
Journal Article
High P-T phase relation of magnesian (Mg 0.7 Fe 0.3 ) staurolite compositon in the system FeO-MgO-Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 -H 2 O: Implications for prograde high-pressure history of ultrahigh-temperature metamorphic rocks Available to Purchase
Journal: American Mineralogist
Publisher: Mineralogical Society of America
Published: 01 January 2010
American Mineralogist (2010) 95 (1): 177–184.
... 13 950 145 Au-Pd Spr, Crn, Hem, Melt 12 08 2009 16 12 2008 © 2010 American Mineralogist 2010 High P-T experiment magnesian staurolite ultrahigh-temperature (UHT) metamorphism Southern Indian Granulite Terrane Limpopo Belt (southern Africa) Moderate-Mg...
Includes: Supplemental Content
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Magnesian ilmenite; clue to high-Mg parental magma of the Insizwa Complex, Transkei Available to Purchase
Journal: The Canadian Mineralogist
Publisher: Mineralogical Association of Canada
Published: 01 November 1985
The Canadian Mineralogist (1985) 23 (4): 609–618.
Image
Predicted isotopic composition of the Mt. Shasta high-magnesian andesite (H... Open Access
in High-magnesian andesite from Mount Shasta: A product of magma mixing and contamination, not a primitive melt: COMMENT AND REPLY: COMMENT
> Geology
Published: 01 January 2007
Figure 1 Predicted isotopic composition of the Mt. Shasta high-magnesian andesite (HMA), using the mixing models of Streck et al. (2007) , are shown as Model 1 and Model 2. Trinity ophiolite samples (including two that plot outside of the region shown—indicated by arrows) from Jacobsen et al
Image
Mt. Shasta lavas compared to Aleutian high-magnesian andesite (A-HMA) (data... Open Access
in High-magnesian andesite from Mount Shasta: A product of magma mixing and contamination, not a primitive melt: COMMENT AND REPLY: REPLY
> Geology
Published: 01 January 2007
Figure 2 Mt. Shasta lavas compared to Aleutian high-magnesian andesite (A-HMA) (data sources and legend as in Fig, 1 and Grove et al. [2002]). Double-headed arrow defines trend in Mt. Shasta dacites (62–64 wt% SiO 2 ).
Image
Diagram f O 2 – T ( A ) and Pl–Ol–Q ( B ) for high-magnesian (HMA), h... Available to Purchase
in TYPES OF ANDESITES AND PETROCHEMICAL CROSS ZONALITY IN EASTERN SIKHOTE ALIN
> Russian Geology and Geophysics
Published: 01 November 1996
Fig. 3. Diagram f O 2 – T ( A ) and Pl–Ol–Q ( B ) for high-magnesian (HMA), high-phosphorous (HPA), high-(HKA), medium-(MKA) and low-potassium (LKA) andesites as well as for andesites of the Aukan volcanic center ( A ). Figure A shows the positions of standard hematite–magnetite (HM
Image
—Scanning electron micrograph of cryptocrystalline high-magnesian calcite c... Available to Purchase
in Generation of Carbonate Particles and Laminites in Algal Mats—Example from Sea-Marginal Hypersaline Pool, Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea
> AAPG Bulletin
Published: 01 March 1973
Fig. 17. —Scanning electron micrograph of cryptocrystalline high-magnesian calcite cement in grapestone.
Journal Article
Generation of Carbonate Particles and Laminites in Algal Mats—Example from Sea-Marginal Hypersaline Pool, Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea Available to Purchase
Journal: AAPG Bulletin
Publisher: American Association of Petroleum Geologists
Published: 01 March 1973
AAPG Bulletin (1973) 57 (3): 541–557.
...Fig. 17. —Scanning electron micrograph of cryptocrystalline high-magnesian calcite cement in grapestone. ...
Journal Article
Skeletal mineralogy of Devonian stromatoporoids Available to Purchase
Journal: Journal of Sedimentary Research
Publisher: SEPM Society for Sedimentary Geology
Published: 01 May 1991
Journal of Sedimentary Research (1991) 61 (3): 364–369.
... originally composed of high-magnesian calcite. The delicate reticulate structure of pillars and growth laminations of the original stromatoporoid coenosteum is represented by a neomorphic fabric of microdolomite-rich zones of inclusions in low-magnesian calcite. In comparison, co-existing constituents...
Journal Article
Volcanic record of the arc-to-rift transition onshore of the Guaymas basin in the Santa Rosalía area, Gulf of California, Baja California Open Access
Cathy Busby, Alison Graettinger, Margarita López Martínez, Sarah Medynski, Tina Niemi, Claire Andrews, Emilie Bowman, Evelyn P. Gutierrez, Matthew Henry, Emma Lodes, Judith Ojeda, Jonathan Rice, Graham Andrews, Sarah Brown
Journal: Geosphere
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Published: 26 May 2020
Geosphere (2020) 16 (4): 1012–1041.
... of California (<12 Ma). In addition, a suite of postsubduction rocks (<12 Ma), referred to as “bajaites,” are enriched in light rare-earth and other incompatible elements (e.g., Ba and Sr). These are further subdivided into high-magnesian andesite (with 50%–58% SiO 2 and MgO >4%) and adakite (>56...
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