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dewowing

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Journal Article
Published: 01 December 2009
Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics (2009) 14 (4): 163–169.
.... This work demonstrates optimal wow noise removal from ground penetrating radar data using the empirical mode decomposition. The technique provides a data-driven approach to empirically dewowing GPR data. Copyright: © 2009 This is an Open Access article: verbatim copying and redistribution of this article...
FIGURES | View All (7)
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Dewowing of vertical radar profiling (VRP) data from Trecate. The upper row of figures refers to data from 1.5 m b.g.l.; the lower row refers to 8.5 m b.g.l. Plots (a) and (e) are raw field data. (b) and (f) are the corresponding dewowed data using a residual median filter with length equal to 80 ns. (c) and (g) are dewowed data using a residual mean filter with length equal to 80 ns. (d) and (h) are dewowed data using a residual mean filter with length equal to 10 ns. The detrimental effect of the “wow” is more serious at depth, requiring that dewowing is applied (note that the “wow” in (e) makes first break picking impossible). The only dewowing algorithm that worked properly for all depths was the residual median filter (b) and (f). Spurious precursors were introduced by the residual mean filters.
Published: 01 November 2004
Fig. 4. Dewowing of vertical radar profiling (VRP) data from Trecate. The upper row of figures refers to data from 1.5 m b.g.l.; the lower row refers to 8.5 m b.g.l. Plots (a) and (e) are raw field data. (b) and (f) are the corresponding dewowed data using a residual median filter with length
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(a) Example of the GPR profile nearest to the cliff face after dewowing. The low-angle curved features (indicated by arrows) are interpreted as diffractions in the air, possibly from sediment piles nearby the survey grid in Figure 4. (b) Output external (left) and internal (right) images of migrated GPR volume.
Published: 01 August 2007
Figure 5. (a) Example of the GPR profile nearest to the cliff face after dewowing. The low-angle curved features (indicated by arrows) are interpreted as diffractions in the air, possibly from sediment piles nearby the survey grid in Figure 4 . (b) Output external (left) and internal (right
Journal Article
Published: 01 December 2009
Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics (2009) 14 (4): 171–178.
... GPR in certain geologic environments. Common-offset GPR data were collected at the Marine Corps Air Station (MCAS) in Beaufort, South Carolina, and dielectric constants were calculated following the application of the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) for dewowing GPR traces. Conventional signal...
FIGURES | View All (7)
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WARR data. (a) Raw data. (b) After dewow and trace normalization.
Published: 01 May 2020
Figure 7. WARR data. (a) Raw data. (b) After dewow and trace normalization.
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Figure 6
Published: 01 December 2009
Figure 6 GPR traces dewowed using a residual median filter.
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Figure 7
Published: 01 December 2009
Figure 7 GPR traces dewowed using an empirical mode decomposition filter.
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Examples of vertical radar profiling (VRP) data from the Trecate site. Time zero correction and trace normalization were applied to all datasets. Data in (a) and (b) were processed with residual median dewowing, 80-ns filter length, while the corresponding data in (c) and (d) were processed with residual mean dewowing, 10-ns filter length. The latter approach was more effective at preserving reflected events. Note the distinct slope change in the first arrivals in correspondence of the water table depth and the clear up-going reflections at several depths (particularly around 2 and 6 m b.g.l.). See Fig. 7 for the geometry of reflected events.
Published: 01 November 2004
Fig. 5. Examples of vertical radar profiling (VRP) data from the Trecate site. Time zero correction and trace normalization were applied to all datasets. Data in (a) and (b) were processed with residual median dewowing, 80-ns filter length, while the corresponding data in (c) and (d) were
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B-scans of the one-inch steel ball buried in (a) QS and (b) below the 0.015-m-thick layer of pure magnetite. Data were processed using signal dewow, DC shift, and AGC gain.
Published: 25 July 2013
Figure 9. B-scans of the one-inch steel ball buried in (a) QS and (b) below the 0.015-m-thick layer of pure magnetite. Data were processed using signal dewow, DC shift, and AGC gain.
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Figure 4
Published: 01 December 2009
Figure 4 Dewow comparison of GPR trace. The EMD and RMF results are nearly identical, but the EMD filter was entirely data driven while the RMF was chosen. The encircled area of the EMD-produced trace shows the EMD's sensitivity to clipping.
Series: SEPM Gulf Coast Section Publications
Published: 01 January 2014
DOI: 10.5724/gcs.14.33.0413
EISBN: 978-0-9836097-9-0
... in the accuracy and resolution of the various images, in addition to developing an optimal processing flow. The data were initially processed with standard steps that included gain enhancement, dewow and temporal-filtering, background suppression, and 2D migration. Various radar velocities were tried in the 2D...
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a) WARR sounding; and b) semblance analysis of CMP3 (Table 1) collected on the McCarthy Glacier in Alaska about 20 m east of the dashed line in Fig. 1. GPR sounding data are dewowed and have a constant gain applied. Velocity analysis results provided in Table 4.
Published: 20 December 2018
Figure 6.  a) WARR sounding; and b) semblance analysis of CMP3 ( Table 1 ) collected on the McCarthy Glacier in Alaska about 20 m east of the dashed line in Fig. 1 . GPR sounding data are dewowed and have a constant gain applied. Velocity analysis results provided in Table 4 .
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GPR data corrected for surface elevation, DEWOW filtered, using constant gain and a radar velocity of 0.140 m/ns. (A) 50-MHz results. (B) 100-MHz results. Note that steeply dipping reflectors, such as the bedrock contact with talus, must be geometrically corrected (see Figure 5).
Published: 01 May 2015
Figure 4.  GPR data corrected for surface elevation, DEWOW filtered, using constant gain and a radar velocity of 0.140 m/ns. (A) 50-MHz results. (B) 100-MHz results. Note that steeply dipping reflectors, such as the bedrock contact with talus, must be geometrically corrected (see Figure 5 ).
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Sandbox experiment. (a) GPR data (after dewow, and (b) spectral balancing of raw data. (c) Predictive deconvolution before spectral balancing, and (d) predictive deconvolution after spectral balancing. For display purposes, a 4-ns AGC has been applied at the final stage for all cases.
Published: 27 April 2010
Figure 7. Sandbox experiment. (a) GPR data (after dewow, and (b) spectral balancing of raw data. (c) Predictive deconvolution before spectral balancing, and (d) predictive deconvolution after spectral balancing. For display purposes, a 4 - ns AGC has been applied at the final stage
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a) WARR sounding; and b) semblance analysis of CSP1 (Table 1) collected on the icy debris fan approximately 20 m west of the dashed line in Figure 1 from the McCarthy Glacier site in Alaska. GPR sounding data are dewowed and have a constant gain applied. Velocity analysis results provided in Table 2.
Published: 20 December 2018
Figure 3.  a) WARR sounding; and b) semblance analysis of CSP1 ( Table 1 ) collected on the icy debris fan approximately 20 m west of the dashed line in Figure 1 from the McCarthy Glacier site in Alaska. GPR sounding data are dewowed and have a constant gain applied. Velocity analysis results
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a) WARR sounding; and b) semblance analysis of CMP9 (Table 1) collected on the icy debris fan along the dashed line in Fig. 2 from the La Perouse Glacier site in New Zealand. GPR sounding data are dewowed and have a constant gain applied. Velocity analysis results provided in Table 3.
Published: 20 December 2018
Figure 4.  a) WARR sounding; and b) semblance analysis of CMP9 ( Table 1 ) collected on the icy debris fan along the dashed line in Fig. 2 from the La Perouse Glacier site in New Zealand. GPR sounding data are dewowed and have a constant gain applied. Velocity analysis results provided
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GPR data preprocessing: a) The raw GPR image; b) The raw GPR image after dewow filtering; c) Background removal; d) The bandpass filter process; e) Signal gain process; f) Image segmentation by the Otsu thresholding method; g) The binary image by the morphology operations and the CCA; h) The delineation of ROI in a binary image; i) The delineation of ROI in raw GPR image.
Published: 07 July 2021
Figure 2 GPR data preprocessing: a) The raw GPR image; b) The raw GPR image after dewow filtering; c) Background removal; d) The bandpass filter process; e) Signal gain process; f) Image segmentation by the Otsu thresholding method; g) The binary image by the morphology operations and the CCA; h
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GPR profile across the gas vent, with dewow correction, a spreading and exponential compensation (SEC) gain of 200, and an attenuation of 6. Plot shows signal attenuation and different antenna coupling in the vent core and deeper penetration/dipping reflectors in the bounding areas (highlighted with white line). The color-code bar is the same as the vegetation zones defined in Figure 1.
Published: 26 December 2007
Figure 2. GPR profile across the gas vent, with dewow correction, a spreading and exponential compensation (SEC) gain of 200, and an attenuation of 6. Plot shows signal attenuation and different antenna coupling in the vent core and deeper penetration/dipping reflectors in the bounding areas
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Radar data acquired on Mount Etna: (a) TE 500 MHz and (c) TE 1 GHz radar cross sections after Dewow filtering and background removal. (b and d) Time versus S/N is computed from signal echoes intensity where the noise level is considered as the standard deviation of the GPR signal at the end of the trace. The red dots in panels (b and d) indicate the analyzed time interval.
Published: 25 April 2022
Figure 8. Radar data acquired on Mount Etna: (a) TE 500 MHz and (c) TE 1 GHz radar cross sections after Dewow filtering and background removal. (b and d) Time versus S/N is computed from signal echoes intensity where the noise level is considered as the standard deviation of the GPR signal
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A GPR section from the Bissen Quarry site (a) after dewow, (b) after time-variant gain and band-pass filtering in the t-f domain; (c) is (b) after spectral shaping. Details of (a), (b), and (c) are displayed in (d), (e), and (f), correspondingly. For display purposes, a 32-ns AGC has been applied at the final stage for all cases.
Published: 27 April 2010
Figure 10. A GPR section from the Bissen Quarry site (a) after dewow, (b) after time-variant gain and band-pass filtering in the t - f domain; (c) is (b) after spectral shaping. Details of (a), (b), and (c) are displayed in (d), (e), and (f), correspondingly. For display purposes