...Rafif K. Srour; Louis M. McDonald Abstract Calcium-sodium exchange on Wyoming bentonite in methanol, ethanol and acetone-water systems were investigated at 0.03 N Cl and at room temperature. Calcium-sodium exchange isotherms were plotted at cosolvent concentrations ranging from 0 to 70% wt./wt...

..., such as acetic acid, which has been shown to hinder biodegradation of benzene ( Ulrich, 1999 ). A well-documented cosolvent effect of ethanol on benzene can also influence both the amount of benzene that partitions into the aqueous phase and the sorption of dissolved benzene ( Nkedi-Kizza et al., 1987 ; Groves...

... with experimental solvent extraction reports. The model and these findings are valuable in understanding the mechanism of solvent retention in tailings after non-aqueous extraction and highlight the action of hydroxylated cosolvent additives to enhance extraction using nonpolar solvents. * E-mail address...

... migration of hydrocarbon components of the petrol through cosolvency or changes in the physical–chemical properties of non-aqueous phase liquid hydrocarbons. Rapid alcohol biodegradation can result in highly anaerobic subsurface conditions that can lead to a reduced rate of hydrocarbon biodegradation...

... phase on the external surfaces of HDTMA-SWy-2. In the presence of chlorobenzene (CB), p -DCB sorption by HDTMA-SWy-2 is greatly enhanced, owing to the interlayer expansion by CB and a cosolvent effect. Sorption of o -DCB resulted from both direct solvation-type interactions with HDTMA and partitioning...

... . Pedley , J. B. , Naylor , R. D. , and Kirby , S. P. ( 1986 ). Thermodynamic data of organic compounds . New York : Chapman & Hall . Pinal , R. , Suresh , P. , Rao , P.S. C. , Lee , L. S. , and Cline , P. V. ( 1990 ). Cosolvency of partially miscible organic...

..., in some cases because a topic is not directly within their related research, it is labeled an “Advanced Topic” followed by the concepts being presented in a convoluted manner, making it needlessly difficult for the student to ascertain (e.g., log-linear enhanced solubility by organic cosolvents in Chapter...

... and cannot be achieved with the various technologies: barrier-wall containment, excavation, pump-and-treat or hydraulic containment, multiphase extraction, surfactant and cosolvent flooding, enhanced bioremediation, chemical oxidation, steam flooding, conductive or electrical resistance heating, and so...

... in the laboratory for a wide range of system-specific conditions, such as the type and concentration of surfactants and cosolvents, and the valence and concentrations of electrolytes present in the applied solutions and in the solid phase ( Edwards et al., 1991 ; Rouse et al., 1993 ; Valsaraj and Thibodeaux, 1989...

... . 33 : 3829 – 3836 . Falta , R.W. , C.M. Lee , S.E. Brame , E. Roeder , L. Wood , and C. Enfield . 1999 a. Design and performance of a field cosolvent flooding test for nonaqueous phase liquid mobilization . p. 102 – 117 . In M.L. Brusseau et al. (ed...

..., and cleanup. Major compounds that have been shown to increase the solubility and thus the mobility of nutrients and contaminants are surfactants ( Edwards et al., 1991 ; Haulbrook et al., 1993 ; Rahman et al., 1994 ; Liu and Chang, 1997 ), cosolvents ( Nkedi-Kizza et al., 1985 , 1987 ; Brusseau et al...

... that there has been extensive work that examines how LNAPLs can become distributed within the CF. Clearly, variations in the structure of the CF can influence the distribution and displacement of the LNAPL (e.g., Jawitz et al., 1998 ). The buoyancy forces can act to carry a lighter-than-water cosolvent...

...: II. Dissolution rate as a function of crystallochemical decomposition . Clays Clay Miner . 26 , 341 – 344 . Nzengung V.A. , Voudrias E.A. , Nkedi-Kizza P. , Wampler J.M. & Weaver C.E. ( 1996 ) Organic cosolvent effects on sorption equilibrium of hydrophobic...

... . Advances in Agronomy , 22 , 75 – 117 . Nzengung , V.A. , Voudrias , E.A. , Nkedi-Kizza , P. , Wampler , J.M. and Weaver , C.E. ( 1996 ) Organic cosolvent effects on sorption equilibrium of hydrophobic organic chemicals by organoclays . Environmental Science and Technology...

.... Adsorption of any of the three molecules to the glass tubes and/or the caps was found negligible. Initial pesticide solutions were prepared by mixing 10 to 50 μL of 14 C methanolic solution to 500 mL of unmarked aqueous solution, so that any cosolvency effects (such as illustrated by Bouchard, 2002...

... Gong H. Qin X. Shang S. Zhu C. Xu L. San Q. Li Y. Dong M. Enhanced shale oil recovery by the huff and puff method using CO 2 and cosolvent mixed fluids Energy & Fuels 2020 34 2 1438 1446 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.9b03423 Haider M. B. Jha D...

... of soil type on electrokinetic removal of phenanthrene using surfactants and cosolvents . Journal of Environmental Engineering , 129 , 336 – 346 . Ricart M.T. Pazos M. Cameselle C. Sanroman M.A. ( 2008 ) Removal of organic pollutants and heavy metals in soils by electrokinetic...