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Southwest Pacific
-
Bismarck Sea
-
Manus Basin
-
PACMANUS hydrothermal field (6)
-
-
-
Gulf of Carpentaria (1)
-
North Fiji Basin (2)
-
-
-
West Pacific
-
Northwest Pacific
-
East China Sea (1)
-
Izu-Bonin Arc (3)
-
Kuril Trench (1)
-
Mariana Trough (4)
-
Okinawa Trough (3)
-
Philippine Sea
-
Ryukyu Trench (1)
-
-
Pigafetta Basin (2)
-
South China Sea (5)
-
Yellow Sea
-
Bohai Sea
-
Bohai Bay (2)
-
-
-
-
Southwest Pacific
-
Bismarck Sea
-
Manus Basin
-
PACMANUS hydrothermal field (6)
-
-
-
Gulf of Carpentaria (1)
-
North Fiji Basin (2)
-
-
-
-
Pacific region
-
Circum-Pacific region (1)
-
-
Peel River (1)
-
Permian Basin (1)
-
Puna (3)
-
Quesnellia Terrane (3)
-
Railroad Valley (1)
-
Red Dog Mine (7)
-
Roberts Mountains (1)
-
Rome Trough (1)
-
Round Mountain (1)
-
Ruby Mountains (1)
-
Russian Platform
-
Timan Ridge (1)
-
-
Sacramento River (2)
-
San Joaquin River (1)
-
San Juan mining district (1)
-
San Juan River (1)
-
Santander Massif (1)
-
Scotia Sea Islands
-
South Shetland Islands
-
King George Island (2)
-
Livingston Island (1)
-
-
-
Searles Lake (1)
-
Selwyn Range (1)
-
Sierra Gorda (1)
-
Sierra Nevada (9)
-
Sinai (1)
-
Solomon Islands (5)
-
South America
-
Amazon Basin (1)
-
Amazonian Craton (1)
-
Andes
-
Argentine Andes (1)
-
Central Andes (10)
-
Eastern Cordillera (4)
-
Southern Andes (1)
-
Western Cordillera (4)
-
-
Argentina
-
Argentine Andes (1)
-
Catamarca Argentina (3)
-
Chubut Argentina (1)
-
Jujuy Argentina (1)
-
Mendoza Argentina
-
Payun Matru (1)
-
-
Neuquen Basin (3)
-
Pampean Mountains (2)
-
Salta Argentina (1)
-
San Juan Argentina (7)
-
-
Bolivia
-
La Paz Bolivia (2)
-
Potosi Bolivia (2)
-
-
Brazil
-
Bahia Brazil (1)
-
Goias Brazil (1)
-
Manaus Brazil (1)
-
Mato Grosso Brazil (1)
-
Mato Grosso do Sul Brazil (1)
-
Minas Gerais Brazil
-
Ouro Preto Brazil (1)
-
Quadrilatero Ferrifero (2)
-
-
Para Brazil
-
Carajas mineral province (5)
-
-
Paraiba Brazil (1)
-
Pernambuco Brazil (1)
-
Rio Grande do Norte Brazil (1)
-
Sao Francisco Craton (1)
-
Sergipe-Alagoas Basin (1)
-
-
Chile
-
Antofagasta Chile
-
Chuquicamata Chile (5)
-
Lascar (1)
-
-
Atacama Chile
-
Copiapo Chile (5)
-
El Salvador Chile (2)
-
-
Atacama Desert (22)
-
Coquimbo Chile (2)
-
Tarapaca Chile (7)
-
Valparaiso Chile (1)
-
-
Colombia
-
Bogota Colombia (1)
-
Magdalena Colombia (1)
-
-
Ecuador (4)
-
Guiana Shield (1)
-
Orinoco River (1)
-
Patagonia (5)
-
Peru
-
Ancash Peru (2)
-
Arequipa Peru (2)
-
Pasco Peru
-
Cerro de Pasco Peru (2)
-
-
Puno Peru (1)
-
-
Precordillera (3)
-
Uruguay (1)
-
Venezuela (1)
-
-
South Mountain Batholith (1)
-
Southern Ocean
-
Prydz Bay (1)
-
-
Southern Uplands (1)
-
Southwest Indian Ridge (1)
-
Spor Mountain (1)
-
Storegga Slide (1)
-
Summitville Mine (2)
-
Sunnyside Mine (2)
-
Sydney Basin (1)
-
United States
-
Alabama
-
Mobile County Alabama (1)
-
Pike County Alabama (1)
-
Tallapoosa County Alabama (1)
-
Washington County Alabama (1)
-
-
Alaska
-
Alaska Peninsula (1)
-
Alaska Range (4)
-
Aleutian Islands (1)
-
Anchorage Alaska (1)
-
Brooks Range
-
De Long Mountains (1)
-
Endicott Mountains (1)
-
-
Chugach Mountains (1)
-
Katmai (1)
-
Matanuska Valley (1)
-
Novarupta (1)
-
Nunivak Island (1)
-
Talkeetna Mountains (2)
-
Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes (1)
-
Wrangell Mountains (1)
-
-
Anadarko Basin (2)
-
Arizona
-
Cochise County Arizona
-
Tombstone Arizona (2)
-
-
Coconino County Arizona (3)
-
Gila County Arizona
-
Sierra Ancha (1)
-
-
Greenlee County Arizona (2)
-
Maricopa County Arizona (4)
-
Mohave County Arizona (2)
-
Pima County Arizona (1)
-
Pinal County Arizona
-
San Manuel Arizona (1)
-
-
Yavapai County Arizona
-
Jerome Arizona (2)
-
-
-
Arkansas
-
Pulaski County Arkansas (1)
-
-
Arkansas River valley (1)
-
Arkoma Basin (1)
-
Atlantic Coastal Plain (1)
-
Bighorn Basin (1)
-
Blue Ridge Mountains (1)
-
California
-
Alameda County California
-
Oakland California (1)
-
-
Amador County California (1)
-
Central California (1)
-
Colusa County California (1)
-
Contra Costa County California (1)
-
Fresno County California (1)
-
Glenn County California (1)
-
Inyo County California (2)
-
Lassen Volcanic National Park (1)
-
Los Angeles County California
-
Los Angeles California (1)
-
-
Melones Fault (1)
-
Mono County California (1)
-
Monterey County California (1)
-
Nevada County California (2)
-
Northern California (2)
-
Salton Sea (1)
-
San Bernardino County California
-
Cajon Pass (1)
-
-
San Francisco Bay (3)
-
San Francisco Bay region (1)
-
Santa Barbara County California
-
Point Sal (1)
-
-
Shasta County California
-
Lassen Peak (2)
-
-
Sonoma County California (1)
-
Southern California (1)
-
Stanislaus County California (1)
-
Tehama County California (1)
-
The Geysers (1)
-
Trinity Complex (1)
-
Tuolumne County California (1)
-
Ventura County California (2)
-
-
Cherokee Basin (1)
-
Cincinnati Arch (2)
-
Coeur d'Alene mining district (4)
-
Colorado
-
Boulder County Colorado (1)
-
Chaffee County Colorado (1)
-
Clear Creek County Colorado (1)
-
Conejos County Colorado (1)
-
Fremont County Colorado (1)
-
Garfield County Colorado
-
Rifle Colorado (1)
-
-
Gilpin County Colorado (1)
-
Gunnison County Colorado (1)
-
Lake County Colorado
-
Leadville Colorado (1)
-
Saint Kevin Gulch (1)
-
-
Mineral County Colorado
-
Creede mining district (1)
-
-
Rio Blanco County Colorado
-
Rangely Colorado (1)
-
-
Rio Grande County Colorado (1)
-
Saguache County Colorado (1)
-
San Juan County Colorado
-
Silverton Caldera (1)
-
Silverton Colorado (1)
-
-
San Juan volcanic field (2)
-
San Miguel County Colorado (1)
-
Sawatch Range (1)
-
Teller County Colorado
-
Cripple Creek Colorado (1)
-
-
-
Colorado Plateau (8)
-
Connecticut (1)
-
Connecticut Valley (1)
-
Delaware Basin (2)
-
Denver Basin (1)
-
Florida
-
Choctawhatchee Bay (1)
-
Gilchrist County Florida (1)
-
Levy County Florida (1)
-
-
Floridan Aquifer (1)
-
Forest City Basin (1)
-
Georgia
-
Carroll County Georgia (1)
-
Jefferson County Georgia (1)
-
Wilkinson County Georgia (1)
-
-
Great Basin (13)
-
Hawaii
-
Hawaii County Hawaii
-
Hawaii Island
-
Kilauea (2)
-
Mauna Kea (1)
-
-
-
Maui County Hawaii
-
Maui
-
Haleakala (1)
-
-
-
Mauna Loa (1)
-
-
Idaho
-
Idaho County Idaho (1)
-
Kootenai County Idaho (1)
-
Latah County Idaho (1)
-
Lemhi County Idaho
-
Blackbird mining district (2)
-
-
Lost River Range (1)
-
Valley County Idaho (1)
-
-
Illinois
-
Fulton County Illinois (1)
-
-
Illinois Basin (3)
-
Indiana
-
Parke County Indiana (1)
-
Union County Indiana (1)
-
Vigo County Indiana (1)
-
-
Iowa (1)
-
Kansas (5)
-
Kentucky (2)
-
Klamath Mountains (1)
-
Louisiana (3)
-
Maine (2)
-
Maryland (1)
-
Massachusetts
-
Essex County Massachusetts (1)
-
-
Michigan
-
Michigan Upper Peninsula
-
Gogebic County Michigan (2)
-
Keweenaw Peninsula (1)
-
Ontonagon County Michigan (1)
-
-
-
Midcontinent (5)
-
Midcontinent geophysical anomaly (1)
-
Midwest (1)
-
Minnesota
-
Beltrami County Minnesota
-
Bemidji Minnesota (2)
-
-
Duluth Complex (3)
-
Saint Louis County Minnesota
-
Partridge River Intrusion (3)
-
-
-
Mississippi
-
Hancock County Mississippi (1)
-
-
Mississippi Valley (1)
-
Missouri
-
Saint Francois Mountains (2)
-
Viburnum Trend (5)
-
-
Mojave Desert (2)
-
Montana
-
Boulder Batholith (2)
-
Butte mining district (4)
-
Deer Lodge County Montana (1)
-
Granite County Montana (2)
-
Missoula County Montana (1)
-
Powell County Montana (1)
-
Sanders County Montana (1)
-
Silver Bow County Montana
-
Butte Montana (9)
-
-
-
Nebraska (1)
-
Nevada
-
Carlin Mine (1)
-
Carlin Trend (15)
-
Churchill County Nevada (1)
-
Clark County Nevada (2)
-
Elko County Nevada
-
Carlin Nevada (2)
-
East Humboldt Range (1)
-
-
Esmeralda County Nevada
-
Goldfield Nevada (1)
-
-
Eureka County Nevada
-
Eureka Nevada (2)
-
-
Humboldt County Nevada
-
Getchell Mine (2)
-
-
Lander County Nevada (2)
-
Lincoln County Nevada (1)
-
Lyon County Nevada
-
Yerington Nevada (2)
-
-
Mineral County Nevada (1)
-
Nye County Nevada
-
Grant Canyon Field (1)
-
-
Pershing County Nevada (1)
-
Roberts Mountains Allochthon (3)
-
Shoshone Mountains (1)
-
Washoe County Nevada (1)
-
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-
-
New England (2)
-
New Hampshire (1)
-
New Jersey
-
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-
-
New Mexico
-
Eddy County New Mexico
-
Carlsbad Caverns (1)
-
-
Lincoln County New Mexico (1)
-
Santa Fe County New Mexico
-
Santa Fe New Mexico (1)
-
-
Taos County New Mexico
-
Questa Mine (2)
-
-
-
New York
-
Adirondack Mountains (2)
-
Herkimer County New York (1)
-
-
North Carolina
-
Carteret County North Carolina
-
Beaufort North Carolina (1)
-
-
Haywood County North Carolina (2)
-
Montgomery County North Carolina (1)
-
Randolph County North Carolina (1)
-
-
Ohio
-
Hamilton County Ohio
-
Cincinnati Ohio (1)
-
-
-
Oklahoma
-
Canadian County Oklahoma (1)
-
Cleveland County Oklahoma
-
Norman Oklahoma (1)
-
-
Kay County Oklahoma (1)
-
Kingfisher County Oklahoma (1)
-
-
Oregon
-
Deschutes County Oregon (1)
-
Lane County Oregon (1)
-
-
Ouachita Mountains (1)
-
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-
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-
Pennsylvania
-
Allegheny County Pennsylvania (1)
-
Schuylkill County Pennsylvania (1)
-
Susquehanna County Pennsylvania (1)
-
-
South Carolina
-
Savannah River Site (4)
-
-
South Dakota
-
Lawrence County South Dakota (1)
-
-
Southwestern U.S. (2)
-
Susquehanna River basin (1)
-
Suwannee River (1)
-
Tennessee
-
Claiborne County Tennessee (1)
-
Cocke County Tennessee (1)
-
Grainger County Tennessee (1)
-
Hamilton County Tennessee (1)
-
Hancock County Tennessee (1)
-
Sequatchie County Tennessee (1)
-
Shelby County Tennessee
-
Memphis Tennessee (1)
-
-
Sullivan County Tennessee (1)
-
Washington County Tennessee (1)
-
-
Texas
-
Balcones fault zone (1)
-
Comal County Texas (1)
-
Edwards Aquifer (1)
-
Hays County Texas (1)
-
King County Texas (1)
-
Knox County Texas (1)
-
Midland Basin (1)
-
Stonewall County Texas (1)
-
Travis County Texas (1)
-
Trinity Aquifer (1)
-
West Texas (1)
-
-
U. S. Rocky Mountains
-
Bitterroot Range (1)
-
Owl Creek Mountains (1)
-
San Juan Mountains (3)
-
Sawatch Range (1)
-
Wasatch Range (1)
-
-
Uncompahgre Uplift (1)
-
Utah
-
Beaver County Utah
-
Roosevelt Hot Springs KGRA (1)
-
-
Bingham mining district (3)
-
Grand County Utah (1)
-
Great Salt Lake (1)
-
Juab County Utah (3)
-
Oquirrh Mountains (4)
-
Piute County Utah
-
Marysvale Utah (1)
-
-
Salt Lake County Utah
-
Bingham Utah (2)
-
-
San Juan County Utah (11)
-
Sevier County Utah (1)
-
Tintic mining district (5)
-
Washington County Utah (1)
-
-
Vermont (1)
-
Virgin River valley (1)
-
Virginia
-
Northampton County Virginia
-
Oyster Virginia (1)
-
-
Pittsylvania County Virginia (1)
-
-
Wabash Valley (1)
-
Walker Lane (2)
-
Washington
-
Hanford Site (4)
-
King County Washington (1)
-
Skamania County Washington
-
Mount Saint Helens (2)
-
-
Whatcom County Washington (1)
-
-
Western U.S. (3)
-
Wisconsin
-
Grant County Wisconsin (1)
-
-
Wyoming
-
Carbon County Wyoming
-
Shirley Basin (1)
-
-
Gas Hills (1)
-
Owl Creek Mountains (1)
-
Park County Wyoming (3)
-
Teapot Dome (1)
-
-
Yavapai Province (3)
-
Yellowstone National Park (4)
-
-
USSR (2)
-
Victoria Island (3)
-
West Pacific Ocean Islands
-
Kermadec Islands (5)
-
-
Western Desert (1)
-
White Island (1)
-
White Pine Mine (3)
-
Wind River (1)
-
Wind River basin (1)
-
-
commodities
-
aggregate (9)
-
asbestos deposits (4)
-
barite deposits (23)
-
bauxite deposits (1)
-
bentonite deposits (3)
-
bitumens
-
asphalt (7)
-
-
boron deposits (1)
-
brines (85)
-
ceramic materials (7)
-
clay deposits (8)
-
coal deposits (9)
-
construction materials
-
building stone (3)
-
cement materials (11)
-
crushed stone (4)
-
dimension stone (1)
-
-
corundum deposits (1)
-
diamond deposits (6)
-
energy sources (8)
-
evaporite deposits (2)
-
feldspar deposits (1)
-
fluorspar deposits (10)
-
gems (14)
-
geothermal energy (20)
-
glass materials (16)
-
graphite deposits (1)
-
heavy mineral deposits (4)
-
industrial minerals (13)
-
kaolin deposits (15)
-
limestone deposits (3)
-
metal ores
-
aluminum ores (2)
-
antimony ores (12)
-
arsenic ores (15)
-
base metals (95)
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beryllium ores (5)
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bismuth ores (11)
-
cadmium ores (3)
-
chromite ores (6)
-
cobalt ores (42)
-
copper ores (665)
-
gold ores (497)
-
IOCG deposits (26)
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iridium ores (1)
-
iron ores (84)
-
lead ores (172)
-
lead-zinc deposits (115)
-
lithium ores (4)
-
magnesium ores (1)
-
manganese ores (20)
-
mercury ores (4)
-
molybdenum ores (130)
-
nickel ores (109)
-
niobium ores (2)
-
osmium ores (1)
-
palladium ores (12)
-
platinum ores (77)
-
polymetallic ores (86)
-
pyrite ores (6)
-
rare earth deposits (37)
-
rhenium ores (2)
-
rhodium ores (1)
-
ruthenium ores (1)
-
silver ores (191)
-
strontium ores (1)
-
tantalum ores (3)
-
tellurium ores (6)
-
thorium ores (1)
-
tin ores (19)
-
titanium ores (5)
-
tungsten ores (18)
-
uranium ores (77)
-
vanadium ores (9)
-
zinc ores (221)
-
-
mineral deposits, genesis (961)
-
mineral exploration (314)
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mineral resources (37)
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new energy sources (1)
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nitrate deposits (3)
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-
oil and gas fields (16)
-
ornamental materials (1)
-
petroleum
-
natural gas
-
coalbed methane (2)
-
shale gas (8)
-
-
-
phosphate deposits (20)
-
placers
-
beach placers (1)
-
stream placers (2)
-
-
potash (1)
-
refractory materials (2)
-
ruby (2)
-
sodium sulfate (3)
-
strategic minerals (3)
-
talc deposits (2)
-
vermiculite deposits (1)
-
water resources (14)
-
zeolite deposits (2)
-
-
elements, isotopes
-
boron
-
B-11/B-10 (8)
-
-
carbon
-
C-13 (4)
-
C-13/C-12 (191)
-
C-14 (11)
-
C-14/C-12 (1)
-
organic carbon (37)
-
-
chemical elements (13)
-
chemical ratios (30)
-
halogens
-
bromine (8)
-
chlorine
-
chloride ion (14)
-
Cl-36 (2)
-
Cl-37/Cl-35 (2)
-
-
fluorine (10)
-
iodine
-
I-129 (3)
-
-
-
hydrogen
-
D/H (98)
-
deuterium (8)
-
tritium (1)
-
-
incompatible elements (3)
-
isotope ratios (594)
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
Ar-38/Ar-36 (1)
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (3)
-
Be-10 (1)
-
Be-7 (1)
-
C-14 (11)
-
C-14/C-12 (1)
-
Cl-36 (2)
-
Cs-137 (1)
-
I-129 (3)
-
K-40 (1)
-
Mn-53 (1)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (47)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (39)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (31)
-
Pb-210 (6)
-
Po-210 (2)
-
Ra-224 (1)
-
Ra-226 (6)
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
Re-187/Os-188 (6)
-
Rn-220 (1)
-
Rn-222 (3)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
Sr-90 (1)
-
Tc-99 (1)
-
Th-232 (2)
-
tritium (1)
-
U-235 (2)
-
U-238 (5)
-
U-238/U-235 (1)
-
Zn-65 (1)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
Ar-36 (1)
-
Ar-38/Ar-36 (1)
-
Ar-40/Ar-36 (8)
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (3)
-
B-11/B-10 (8)
-
C-13 (4)
-
C-13/C-12 (191)
-
C-14/C-12 (1)
-
Ca-44/Ca-40 (1)
-
Cl-37/Cl-35 (2)
-
Cr-53/Cr-52 (4)
-
Cu-65 (2)
-
D/H (98)
-
deuterium (8)
-
Fe-56 (1)
-
Fe-56/Fe-54 (15)
-
Fe-57 (1)
-
Fe-57/Fe-54 (1)
-
He-3 (2)
-
He-4 (1)
-
He-4/He-3 (8)
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (10)
-
Kr-84 (1)
-
Li-7/Li-6 (1)
-
N-15/N-14 (14)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (26)
-
Ne-22/Ne-21 (2)
-
O-17 (1)
-
O-17/O-16 (7)
-
O-18 (3)
-
O-18/O-16 (286)
-
Os-188/Os-187 (13)
-
Pb-206 (1)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (47)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (39)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (11)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (31)
-
Pb-208/Pb-206 (2)
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
Re-187/Os-188 (6)
-
S-32 (2)
-
S-33 (4)
-
S-33/S-32 (16)
-
S-34 (5)
-
S-34/S-32 (349)
-
S-36 (1)
-
Si-30/Si-28 (2)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
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aluminum (33)
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indium (7)
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Nd-144/Nd-143 (26)
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helium
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krypton
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nonmetals (1)
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O-18/O-16 (286)
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phosphorus (12)
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S-33/S-32 (16)
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tellurium (21)
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fossils
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Archaea (4)
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Chordata
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Tetrapoda
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Artiodactyla
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Suiformes
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Reptilia
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Sauropterygia
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Cloudina (1)
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Invertebrata
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Insecta
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Pterygota
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Neoptera
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-
-
-
-
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Trilobitomorpha
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Trilobita (2)
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Brachiopoda
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Articulata
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Rhynchonellida
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Inarticulata
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Lingula (1)
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Cnidaria
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Anthozoa (4)
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-
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Echinodermata
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Crinozoa
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Crinoidea (1)
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Echinozoa
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Echinoidea (1)
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Mollusca
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Bivalvia
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Veneridae
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Mytilus (1)
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Cephalopoda
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Ammonoidea
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Coleoidea (1)
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Gastropoda
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Pulmonata
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Hyolithes (1)
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Porifera (2)
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Protista
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Foraminifera
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Fusulinina
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Rotaliina
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Globigerinacea
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Neogloboquadrina
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Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (1)
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Orbitoidacea
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Amphistegina (1)
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Radiolaria (3)
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Thecamoeba (1)
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Vermes
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lichens (3)
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Conodonta (7)
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problematic microfossils (1)
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pollen (3)
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Plantae
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algae
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Chlorophyta
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Coccolithophoraceae (1)
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Bryophyta
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Musci
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-
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Pteridophyta
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Filicopsida
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Lycopsida (1)
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Sphenopsida
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Equisetales (1)
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-
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Spermatophyta
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Angiospermae
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Dicotyledoneae
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Myrtaceae
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Eucalyptus (1)
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Monocotyledoneae
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Gramineae (1)
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Gymnospermae
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Coniferales
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Pinaceae
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Pinus (2)
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-
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Cordaitales (1)
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Cycadales (1)
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Ginkgoales (1)
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-
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problematic fossils
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problematic microfossils (1)
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prokaryotes (4)
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geochronology methods
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(U-Th)/He (5)
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geologic age
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Anthropocene (2)
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Cenozoic
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Quaternary
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Roman period (6)
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Pleistocene
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lower Pleistocene (1)
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Tyrrhenian (1)
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Weichselian
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upper Weichselian
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Allerod (1)
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Younger Dryas (1)
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-
-
-
-
upper Quaternary (1)
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Stone Age
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Paleolithic (1)
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Tertiary
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Calipuy Group (1)
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lower Tertiary (4)
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middle Tertiary (2)
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Neogene
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Miocene
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Columbia River Basalt Group (1)
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lower Miocene
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Burdigalian (1)
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middle Miocene (7)
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upper Miocene
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Messinian (1)
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Tortonian (2)
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-
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Pliocene
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lower Pliocene (1)
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upper Pliocene (3)
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-
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Paleogene
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Dongying Formation (1)
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Eocene
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lower Eocene
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Ypresian (1)
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middle Eocene (2)
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upper Eocene
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Priabonian (1)
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-
-
Huber Formation (2)
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lower Paleogene (1)
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Oligocene
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Boom Clay (2)
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Creede Formation (1)
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lower Oligocene (1)
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middle Oligocene (1)
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upper Oligocene (3)
-
-
Paleocene
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lower Paleocene
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Danian (1)
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K-T boundary (1)
-
-
-
-
Zambales Ophiolite (2)
-
-
upper Cenozoic
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Romanian (1)
-
-
-
Dalradian (2)
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Laurentide ice sheet (2)
-
Mesozoic
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Cretaceous
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Comanchean
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Buda Limestone (1)
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Rodessa Formation (1)
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Trinity Group (2)
-
-
Dakota Formation (1)
-
Graneros Shale (1)
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Kuskokwim Group (1)
-
Lower Cretaceous
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Albian
-
lower Albian (1)
-
upper Albian (2)
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-
Aptian (5)
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Burro Canyon Formation (1)
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Isachsen Formation (1)
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Mowry Shale (2)
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Neocomian (1)
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Pebble Shale (1)
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Rodessa Formation (1)
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Trinity Group (2)
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Middle Cretaceous (4)
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Natih Formation (1)
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Upper Cretaceous
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Buda Limestone (1)
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Campanian (1)
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Carlile Shale (1)
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Cenomanian
-
lower Cenomanian (1)
-
upper Cenomanian (1)
-
-
Greenhorn Limestone (1)
-
Gulfian
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Eagle Ford Formation (4)
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Woodbine Formation (1)
-
-
K-T boundary (1)
-
Maestrichtian
-
lower Maestrichtian (1)
-
-
Neuquen Group (2)
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Niobrara Formation (1)
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Pierre Shale (2)
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Prince Creek Formation (1)
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Senonian (1)
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Tropic Shale (1)
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Turonian (2)
-
Tuscaloosa Formation (1)
-
-
Valdez Group (1)
-
-
Franciscan Complex (1)
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Glen Canyon Group (1)
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Great Valley Sequence (1)
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Jurassic
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Aztec Sandstone (1)
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Bonanza Group (1)
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Coast Range Ophiolite (1)
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Fernie Formation (2)
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Lower Jurassic
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middle Liassic (1)
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Pliensbachian (2)
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Toarcian (2)
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upper Liassic (1)
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-
Middle Jurassic
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Aalenian (1)
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Bajocian (1)
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Callovian (1)
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Page Sandstone (1)
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Xishanyao Formation (1)
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-
Norphlet Formation (1)
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Opalinus Clay (1)
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Posidonia Shale (1)
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Upper Jurassic
-
Entrada Sandstone (1)
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Haynesville Formation (2)
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Kimmeridgian (1)
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Oxfordian (2)
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Sarayaquillo Formation (1)
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Smackover Formation (3)
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Tithonian (1)
-
-
-
lower Mesozoic (2)
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McHugh Complex (1)
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Navajo Sandstone (5)
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Nugget Sandstone (1)
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Pucara Group (2)
-
Triassic
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Lower Triassic
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Bunter (1)
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Olenekian (1)
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Permian-Triassic boundary (8)
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Smithian (1)
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Spathian (2)
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Middle Triassic
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Anisian (3)
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Ladinian (1)
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Muschelkalk (1)
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Nicola Group (1)
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Upper Triassic
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Chinle Formation (1)
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Karmutsen Group (2)
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Keuper (1)
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Mercia Mudstone (1)
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Norian (1)
-
Stuhini Group (1)
-
-
-
upper Mesozoic (2)
-
Wingate Sandstone (2)
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Yanshanian (3)
-
-
Moldanubian (1)
-
Paleozoic
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Cambrian
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Acadian (2)
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Carrara Formation (1)
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Lower Cambrian (17)
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Middle Cambrian
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Burgess Shale (2)
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Mount Read Volcanics (9)
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Semri Series (1)
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Upper Cambrian
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Copper Ridge Dolomite (1)
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Eau Claire Formation (1)
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Maynardville Limestone (1)
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Mount Simon Sandstone (1)
-
Steptoean (2)
-
-
-
Carboniferous
-
Huanglong Formation (1)
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Jackfork Group (1)
-
Lower Carboniferous
-
Dinantian (7)
-
-
Mabou Group (1)
-
Mississippian
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Leadville Formation (1)
-
Lower Mississippian
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Kayak Shale (1)
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Tournaisian (2)
-
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Madison Group (2)
-
Middle Mississippian
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Visean (5)
-
-
Price Formation (1)
-
Upper Mississippian
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Fayetteville Formation (1)
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Serpukhovian (1)
-
-
Windsor Group (1)
-
-
Pennsylvanian
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Cumberland Group (1)
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Lower Pennsylvanian (1)
-
Middle Pennsylvanian
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Atokan
-
Atoka Formation (1)
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Carbondale Formation (1)
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Paradox Formation (1)
-
-
Springfield Coal Member (1)
-
Upper Pennsylvanian (5)
-
-
Upper Carboniferous
-
Stephanian (2)
-
-
-
Catskill Formation (1)
-
Chattanooga Shale (1)
-
Devonian
-
Gile Mountain Formation (1)
-
Lower Devonian (7)
-
Middle Devonian
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Eifelian (2)
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Givetian (2)
-
Marcellus Shale (2)
-
-
Old Red Sandstone (3)
-
Popovich Formation (1)
-
Upper Devonian
-
Famennian (4)
-
Frasnian (8)
-
Jefferson Group (1)
-
Kellwasser event (1)
-
-
Upper Old Red Sandstone (1)
-
-
Earn Group (1)
-
Gemericum (1)
-
Hanson Creek Formation (1)
-
Honaker Trail Formation (1)
-
Horton Group (1)
-
Knox Group (2)
-
lower Paleozoic
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Penobscot Formation (2)
-
-
middle Paleozoic (1)
-
New Albany Shale (2)
-
Ordovician
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Lower Ordovician (4)
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Middle Ordovician
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Decorah Shale (1)
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Galena Dolomite (1)
-
-
Skiddaw Slates (1)
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Tetagouche Group (1)
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Trenton Group (1)
-
Upper Ordovician
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Ashgillian (1)
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Caradocian
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Borrowdale Volcanic Group (1)
-
-
Fairview Formation (1)
-
Hirnantian (1)
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Katian (1)
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Kope Formation (1)
-
Maquoketa Formation (1)
-
Wufeng Formation (1)
-
-
Utica Shale (1)
-
Valmy Formation (1)
-
Vinini Formation (2)
-
-
Permian
-
Castile Formation (1)
-
Ecca Group (2)
-
Guadalupian
-
Bell Canyon Formation (1)
-
-
Khuff Formation (2)
-
Lower Permian
-
Cisuralian
-
Kungurian (1)
-
-
Leonardian
-
Clear Fork Group (1)
-
-
Qixia Formation (2)
-
Wolfcampian (1)
-
-
Maokou Formation (2)
-
Meade Peak Member (2)
-
Middle Permian (2)
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Park City Formation (1)
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Phosphoria Formation (3)
-
Rotliegendes (3)
-
Unayzah Formation (1)
-
Upper Permian
-
Permian-Triassic boundary (8)
-
Zechstein (4)
-
-
Wellington Formation (2)
-
Whitehill Formation (2)
-
-
Pilot Shale (1)
-
Sauk Sequence (1)
-
Silurian
-
Lower Silurian
-
Llandovery (2)
-
-
Middle Silurian
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Guelph Formation (1)
-
Roberts Mountains Formation (1)
-
Rose Hill Formation (1)
-
-
Upper Silurian
-
Ludlow (1)
-
Pridoli (1)
-
Salina Group (1)
-
-
-
Tippecanoe Sequence (1)
-
upper Paleozoic
-
Dwyka Formation (1)
-
Sicker Group (1)
-
-
Waits River Formation (1)
-
Woodford Shale (2)
-
-
Phanerozoic (18)
-
Precambrian
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Archean
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Aravalli System (1)
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Blake River Group (2)
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Fig Tree Group (2)
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Iron Ore Group (1)
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Mesoarchean (6)
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Neoarchean (15)
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Paleoarchean (8)
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Swaziland Supergroup (1)
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Taihua Group (1)
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Timiskaming Group (2)
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Warrawoona Group (3)
-
-
Brockman Iron Formation (1)
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Central Rand Group (1)
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Delhi Supergroup (3)
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Flinton Group (1)
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Hadean (3)
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Hamersley Group (1)
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Kisseynew Complex (1)
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Levack Gneiss (1)
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Lewisian Complex (2)
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Minas Supergroup (1)
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Nipissing Diabase (1)
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Nonesuch Shale (5)
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Onverwacht Group (1)
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Pongola Supergroup (1)
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Stillwater Complex (2)
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Transvaal Supergroup (4)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Athabasca Formation (1)
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Bambui Group (1)
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Banxi Group (1)
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Bitter Springs Formation (1)
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Damara System (4)
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Great Oxidation Event (2)
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Huronian (4)
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Isan Orogeny (2)
-
Keweenawan
-
Copper Harbor Conglomerate (2)
-
-
Kunyang Group (2)
-
Malmani Subgroup (4)
-
Mesoproterozoic
-
Aldridge Formation (1)
-
Apache Group (1)
-
Belt Supergroup (6)
-
Gawler Range Volcanics (3)
-
Hiltaba Suite (1)
-
Laxfordian (3)
-
Newland Limestone (3)
-
Revett Quartzite (1)
-
Shuangqiaoshan Group (1)
-
Spokane Formation (1)
-
Stenian (1)
-
Wallace Formation (1)
-
-
Neoproterozoic
-
Burra Group (1)
-
Cryogenian (6)
-
Dengying Formation (2)
-
Ediacaran (9)
-
Maranon Complex (1)
-
Otavi Group (1)
-
Riphean (1)
-
Sturtian (3)
-
Tonian (2)
-
Torridonian (1)
-
Vendian (3)
-
-
Oronto Group (4)
-
Paleoproterozoic
-
Baker Lake Group (1)
-
Birimian (2)
-
Cobalt Group (1)
-
Corella Formation (1)
-
Dhanjori Group (1)
-
Rooiberg Group (1)
-
Rustenburg Layered Suite (1)
-
Urquhart Shale (3)
-
Virginia Formation (2)
-
Willyama Supergroup (1)
-
Wollaston Group (1)
-
-
Pretoria Group (1)
-
Roan Supergroup (1)
-
Sinian
-
Dengying Formation (2)
-
-
Tapley Hill Formation (1)
-
Windermere System (3)
-
-
-
Witwatersrand Supergroup (1)
-
-
Vindhyan (1)
-
-
igneous rocks
-
extrusive rocks (1)
-
igneous rocks
-
carbonatites (31)
-
feldspathoid rocks (2)
-
granophyre (1)
-
hypabyssal rocks (3)
-
kimberlite (8)
-
phoscorites (1)
-
picrite (3)
-
plutonic rocks
-
anorthosite (3)
-
diabase
-
tholeiitic dolerite (1)
-
-
diorites
-
diorite porphyry (3)
-
microdiorite (1)
-
plagiogranite (2)
-
quartz diorites (8)
-
tonalite (5)
-
trondhjemite (1)
-
-
gabbros
-
norite (7)
-
troctolite (5)
-
-
granites
-
alkali granites (1)
-
aplite (1)
-
A-type granites (6)
-
biotite granite (1)
-
charnockite (2)
-
felsite (1)
-
granite porphyry (6)
-
granosyenite (2)
-
I-type granites (5)
-
leucogranite (6)
-
microgranite (1)
-
monzogranite (6)
-
-
granodiorites
-
granodiorite porphyry (1)
-
-
ijolite (2)
-
lamproite (2)
-
lamprophyres
-
minette (1)
-
-
monzodiorite (7)
-
monzonites (11)
-
pegmatite (25)
-
quartz monzonite (5)
-
syenites
-
albitite (4)
-
alkali syenites (2)
-
granosyenite (2)
-
nepheline syenite
-
agpaite (1)
-
miaskite (1)
-
-
quartz syenite (3)
-
syenite porphyry (3)
-
-
ultramafics
-
chromitite (4)
-
hornblendite (1)
-
peridotites
-
dunite (8)
-
harzburgite (8)
-
lherzolite (4)
-
spinel peridotite (1)
-
-
pyroxenite
-
clinopyroxenite (3)
-
orthopyroxenite (1)
-
-
-
-
porphyry (41)
-
volcanic rocks
-
adakites (7)
-
andesites
-
andesite porphyry (3)
-
boninite (2)
-
-
basalts
-
alkali basalts
-
trachybasalts (1)
-
-
flood basalts (7)
-
mid-ocean ridge basalts (20)
-
ocean-island basalts (6)
-
shoshonite (4)
-
tholeiite (5)
-
tholeiitic basalt (1)
-
trap rocks (2)
-
-
basanite
-
ankaramite (1)
-
-
dacites (24)
-
glasses
-
palagonite (1)
-
volcanic glass (4)
-
-
komatiite (11)
-
latite (2)
-
nephelinite (2)
-
phonolites
-
tinguaite (1)
-
-
pyroclastics
-
ash-flow tuff (1)
-
ignimbrite (9)
-
pumice (2)
-
scoria (9)
-
tuff (10)
-
tuffite (1)
-
-
quartz latite (1)
-
rhyodacites (4)
-
rhyolites
-
quartz porphyry (3)
-
-
trachyandesites
-
absarokite (1)
-
-
trachytes (1)
-
-
-
ophiolite (11)
-
volcanic ash (6)
-
wehrlite (1)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
metamorphic rocks
-
amphibolites
-
orthoamphibolite (1)
-
-
cataclasites (1)
-
eclogite (6)
-
garnetite (1)
-
gneisses
-
granite gneiss (1)
-
orthogneiss (3)
-
paragneiss (4)
-
-
granulites (4)
-
hornfels (7)
-
impactites (2)
-
lapis lazuli (4)
-
listwanite (2)
-
marbles
-
ophicalcite (1)
-
-
metacarbonate rocks (1)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
metabasalt (2)
-
metabasite (1)
-
metadacite (1)
-
metaperidotite (1)
-
metapyroxenite (1)
-
metatuff (1)
-
serpentinite (12)
-
-
metasedimentary rocks
-
metapelite (3)
-
metasandstone (2)
-
metasiltstone (1)
-
paragneiss (4)
-
-
metasomatic rocks
-
fenite (2)
-
greisen (3)
-
rodingite (3)
-
serpentinite (12)
-
skarn (64)
-
steatite (1)
-
-
metavolcanic rocks (15)
-
migmatites (1)
-
mylonites
-
pseudotachylite (1)
-
-
phyllites (6)
-
phyllonites (1)
-
quartzites (6)
-
schists
-
biotite schist (1)
-
blueschist (2)
-
chlorite schist (1)
-
greenschist (2)
-
greenstone (4)
-
-
slates (3)
-
-
ophiolite (11)
-
turbidite (8)
-
-
meteorites
-
meteorites
-
iron meteorites
-
hexahedrite (1)
-
-
stony meteorites
-
achondrites
-
angrite (1)
-
aubrite (1)
-
diogenite (1)
-
Martian meteorites
-
SNC Meteorites
-
chassignite
-
Chassigny Meteorite (1)
-
-
-
-
-
chondrites
-
carbonaceous chondrites
-
CI chondrites (1)
-
CO chondrites
-
Kainsaz Meteorite (1)
-
-
CV chondrites
-
Allende Meteorite (1)
-
-
Tagish Lake Meteorite (1)
-
-
enstatite chondrites (2)
-
ordinary chondrites
-
H chondrites
-
Tieschitz Meteorite (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
minerals
-
alloys
-
awaruite (1)
-
carbides
-
cohenite (1)
-
moissanite (1)
-
-
electrum (4)
-
niggliite (1)
-
nitrides (1)
-
phosphides (1)
-
silicides (3)
-
-
antimonates (2)
-
antimonides
-
dyscrasite (1)
-
-
arsenates
-
austinite (1)
-
beudantite (3)
-
conichalcite (2)
-
haidingerite (1)
-
mimetite (4)
-
pharmacolite (2)
-
pharmacosiderite (4)
-
scorodite (12)
-
-
arsenides
-
arsenopyrite (21)
-
cobaltite (7)
-
gersdorffite (7)
-
lollingite (2)
-
maucherite (1)
-
nickeline (1)
-
rammelsbergite (1)
-
safflorite (1)
-
sperrylite (4)
-
-
arsenites
-
mixite (1)
-
-
bismuthides
-
froodite (1)
-
-
borates
-
kernite (1)
-
ludwigite (1)
-
szaibelyite (1)
-
-
carbonates
-
alstonite (1)
-
ankerite (5)
-
aragonite (19)
-
azurite (8)
-
bastnaesite (9)
-
calcite (62)
-
cancrinite (3)
-
cerussite (11)
-
dolomite (36)
-
hydromagnesite (4)
-
hydrotalcite (11)
-
ikaite (2)
-
leadhillite (1)
-
magnesian calcite (3)
-
magnesite (5)
-
malachite (19)
-
nesquehonite (1)
-
norsethite (1)
-
parisite (3)
-
phosgenite (1)
-
protodolomite (1)
-
rhodochrosite (5)
-
siderite (9)
-
sjogrenite (1)
-
smithsonite (4)
-
sphaerosiderite (1)
-
strontianite (1)
-
synchysite (3)
-
vaterite (3)
-
witherite (1)
-
-
chromates (5)
-
copper minerals (41)
-
halides
-
bromides (2)
-
chlorides
-
atacamite (12)
-
carnallite (1)
-
halite (16)
-
kainite (1)
-
mimetite (4)
-
paratacamite (3)
-
phosgenite (1)
-
pyromorphite (1)
-
sylvite (4)
-
vanadinite (3)
-
-
fluorides
-
bastnaesite (9)
-
clinohumite (1)
-
cryolite (1)
-
fluorite (17)
-
humite (1)
-
parisite (3)
-
synchysite (3)
-
-
iodides (3)
-
-
hydrates (12)
-
iodates (2)
-
iron minerals (7)
-
manganese minerals (8)
-
minerals (69)
-
molybdates
-
powellite (4)
-
wulfenite (5)
-
-
native elements
-
diamond
-
microdiamond (1)
-
-
graphite (7)
-
lonsdaleite (1)
-
-
nitrates (9)
-
onyx (1)
-
organic minerals
-
amber (1)
-
urea (1)
-
-
oxalates
-
weddellite (1)
-
whewellite (2)
-
-
oxides
-
akaganeite (2)
-
aluminum oxides (4)
-
anatase (3)
-
baddeleyite (2)
-
bayerite (1)
-
birnessite (1)
-
boehmite (2)
-
brannerite (3)
-
brookite (1)
-
brucite (7)
-
cassiterite (7)
-
chrome spinel (5)
-
chromite (6)
-
coronadite (1)
-
corundum (5)
-
cryptomelane (2)
-
cuprite (11)
-
diaspore (3)
-
ferrihydrite (17)
-
franklinite (1)
-
gahnite (1)
-
gibbsite (5)
-
goethite (48)
-
hausmannite (2)
-
hematite (65)
-
hercynite (1)
-
hollandite (2)
-
hydroxides
-
aluminum hydroxides (5)
-
iron hydroxides (18)
-
oxyhydroxides (9)
-
-
ilmenite (10)
-
iron oxides (71)
-
lepidocrocite (5)
-
limonite (6)
-
maghemite (2)
-
magnesioferrite (1)
-
magnetite (71)
-
manganese oxides (15)
-
manganite (1)
-
niobates
-
aeschynite (1)
-
betafite (2)
-
columbite (1)
-
euxenite (2)
-
fergusonite (2)
-
loparite (1)
-
pyrochlore (1)
-
samarskite (2)
-
-
nordstrandite (1)
-
periclase (4)
-
perovskite (3)
-
pitchblende (1)
-
pseudobrookite (1)
-
pyrolusite (3)
-
rutile (9)
-
sapphire (3)
-
senarmontite (1)
-
spinel (12)
-
spinel group (2)
-
tantalates
-
betafite (2)
-
euxenite (2)
-
tantalite (1)
-
-
thorianite (1)
-
titanium oxides (5)
-
titanomagnetite (1)
-
todorokite (1)
-
uraninite (14)
-
valentinite (2)
-
wustite (3)
-
zincite (3)
-
-
phosphates
-
apatite (78)
-
autunite (5)
-
britholite (3)
-
carbonate apatite (1)
-
chlorapatite (6)
-
crandallite (3)
-
florencite (1)
-
fluorapatite (18)
-
francolite (1)
-
goyazite (2)
-
hinsdalite (1)
-
hydroxylapatite (7)
-
monazite (17)
-
pyromorphite (1)
-
rhabdophane (3)
-
strengite (1)
-
struvite (4)
-
torbernite (2)
-
turquoise (3)
-
variscite (2)
-
vivianite (4)
-
wavellite (2)
-
whitlockite (1)
-
xenotime (12)
-
-
platinum minerals (13)
-
selenates (16)
-
selenides (12)
-
selenites (4)
-
silicates
-
aluminosilicates
-
maskelynite (1)
-
-
asbestos (4)
-
borosilicates (4)
-
chain silicates
-
aenigmatite group
-
sapphirine (1)
-
-
amphibole group
-
alkalic amphibole (1)
-
clinoamphibole
-
actinolite (3)
-
arfvedsonite (1)
-
grunerite (1)
-
hastingsite (2)
-
hornblende (14)
-
kaersutite (1)
-
nephrite (1)
-
pargasite (2)
-
tremolite (3)
-
tschermakite (1)
-
-
orthoamphibole
-
anthophyllite (1)
-
-
-
carpholite (1)
-
charoite (1)
-
prehnite (1)
-
pyroxene group
-
clinopyroxene
-
aegirine (1)
-
chrome diopside (1)
-
clinoenstatite (1)
-
diopside (6)
-
hedenbergite (1)
-
omphacite (1)
-
-
orthopyroxene (6)
-
-
tobermorite (1)
-
wollastonite group
-
wollastonite (6)
-
-
-
feldspathoids (3)
-
framework silicates
-
cancrinite (3)
-
feldspar group
-
alkali feldspar
-
adularia (16)
-
celsian (2)
-
hyalophane (3)
-
K-feldspar (3)
-
microcline (1)
-
orthoclase (1)
-
perthite (1)
-
sanidine (5)
-
-
barium feldspar
-
celsian (2)
-
hyalophane (3)
-
-
plagioclase
-
albite (7)
-
anorthite (4)
-
-
-
leucite (1)
-
nepheline group
-
kaliophilite (1)
-
kalsilite (1)
-
nepheline (1)
-
-
scapolite group
-
scapolite (7)
-
-
silica minerals
-
agate (3)
-
amethyst (2)
-
carnelian (1)
-
chalcedony (5)
-
chrysoprase (1)
-
coesite (2)
-
jasper (7)
-
moganite (2)
-
opal
-
opal-A (3)
-
opal-CT (1)
-
-
quartz
-
smoky quartz (2)
-
-
tridymite (1)
-
-
sodalite group
-
hauyne (1)
-
lazurite (2)
-
sodalite (3)
-
-
zeolite group
-
analcime (4)
-
chabazite (3)
-
clinoptilolite (6)
-
erionite (2)
-
garronite (1)
-
gmelinite (2)
-
heulandite (3)
-
laumontite (2)
-
mesolite (1)
-
natrolite (3)
-
wairakite (1)
-
-
-
garnierite (1)
-
orthosilicates
-
nesosilicates
-
andalusite (3)
-
braunite (1)
-
britholite group
-
britholite (3)
-
-
clinohumite (1)
-
cyrtolite (1)
-
dumortierite (1)
-
ellenbergerite (1)
-
garnet group
-
almandine (2)
-
andradite (3)
-
grossular (4)
-
hydrogarnet (1)
-
pyrope (1)
-
spessartine (1)
-
uvarovite (2)
-
-
humite (1)
-
larnite (2)
-
mullite (1)
-
olivine group
-
fayalite (3)
-
forsterite (3)
-
olivine (21)
-
ringwoodite (1)
-
wadsleyite (1)
-
-
phenakite group
-
willemite (7)
-
-
sillimanite (3)
-
staurolite (1)
-
titanite group
-
malayaite (1)
-
titanite (12)
-
-
uranophane (3)
-
zircon group
-
coffinite (4)
-
thorite (1)
-
zircon (69)
-
-
-
sorosilicates
-
axinite group (1)
-
bertrandite (1)
-
epidote group
-
allanite (7)
-
epidote (9)
-
tanzanite (2)
-
zoisite (1)
-
-
hemimorphite (3)
-
ilvaite (1)
-
melilite group
-
gehlenite (3)
-
melilite (5)
-
-
vesuvianite (1)
-
-
-
ring silicates
-
beryl (5)
-
cordierite (2)
-
emerald (2)
-
milarite group
-
osumilite (1)
-
-
tourmaline group
-
dravite (3)
-
schorl (4)
-
-
-
sheet silicates
-
apophyllite (1)
-
chlorite group
-
chamosite (3)
-
chlorite (32)
-
clinochlore (2)
-
cookeite (1)
-
sudoite (2)
-
-
clay minerals
-
allophane (6)
-
beidellite (3)
-
chrysocolla (4)
-
dickite (5)
-
halloysite (18)
-
hectorite (1)
-
imogolite (3)
-
kaolinite (68)
-
montmorillonite (32)
-
nacrite (1)
-
nontronite (8)
-
saponite (3)
-
smectite (68)
-
stevensite (1)
-
vermiculite (5)
-
-
corrensite (1)
-
cymrite (1)
-
gyrolite (2)
-
illite (40)
-
mica group
-
annite (2)
-
biotite (23)
-
fluor-phlogopite (1)
-
glauconite (3)
-
muscovite (21)
-
phengite (1)
-
phlogopite (9)
-
-
palygorskite (12)
-
pyrophyllite (2)
-
rectorite (2)
-
sepiolite (5)
-
sericite (16)
-
serpentine group
-
antigorite (5)
-
berthierine (4)
-
chrysotile (5)
-
cronstedtite (2)
-
lizardite (4)
-
serpentine (3)
-
-
stilpnomelane (1)
-
talc (7)
-
-
-
sulfates
-
alunite (44)
-
anglesite (8)
-
anhydrite (42)
-
barite (41)
-
bassanite (6)
-
beudantite (3)
-
brochantite (13)
-
celestine (4)
-
chalcanthite (10)
-
copiapite (7)
-
coquimbite (8)
-
epsomite (7)
-
ettringite (3)
-
glauberite (1)
-
gypsum (40)
-
halotrichite (5)
-
hexahydrite (6)
-
hinsdalite (1)
-
iron sulfates (6)
-
jarosite (36)
-
kainite (1)
-
kieserite (4)
-
langbeinite (8)
-
lazurite (2)
-
leadhillite (1)
-
melanterite (12)
-
mirabilite (1)
-
natroalunite (2)
-
pickeringite (5)
-
polyhalite (1)
-
posnjakite (2)
-
roemerite (1)
-
rozenite (11)
-
schwertmannite (14)
-
selenite (4)
-
thenardite (7)
-
voltaite (5)
-
-
sulfides
-
acanthite (6)
-
aikinite (1)
-
alabandite (4)
-
alloclasite (1)
-
anilite (1)
-
argentite (3)
-
arsenopyrite (21)
-
bismuthinite (2)
-
bohdanowiczite (1)
-
bornite (25)
-
carrollite (2)
-
cattierite (2)
-
chalcocite (20)
-
chalcopyrite (95)
-
cinnabar (5)
-
cobaltite (7)
-
cooperite (1)
-
copper sulfides (33)
-
covellite (17)
-
cubanite (3)
-
digenite (9)
-
djurleite (1)
-
galena (43)
-
gersdorffite (7)
-
greenockite (7)
-
greigite (8)
-
heazlewoodite (2)
-
idaite (1)
-
iron sulfides (20)
-
laurite (2)
-
lazurite (2)
-
linnaeite (1)
-
mackinawite (9)
-
marcasite (10)
-
mawsonite (1)
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metacinnabar (3)
-
metastibnite (1)
-
millerite (7)
-
molybdenite (35)
-
nickel sulfides (12)
-
niningerite (2)
-
oldhamite (3)
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orpiment (5)
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pentlandite (22)
-
pyrite (197)
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pyrrhotite (46)
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realgar (4)
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roquesite (2)
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siegenite (1)
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smythite (2)
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sphalerite (69)
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stibnite (6)
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talnakhite (2)
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tetradymite (2)
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troilite (5)
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vaesite (2)
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violarite (4)
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wurtzite (8)
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zinc sulfides (7)
-
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sulfosalts
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sulfantimonites
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freibergite (2)
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geocronite (1)
-
luzonite (2)
-
polybasite (1)
-
pyrargyrite (1)
-
tetrahedrite (11)
-
-
sulfarsenates
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enargite (16)
-
-
sulfarsenites
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geocronite (1)
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jordanite (1)
-
luzonite (2)
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pearceite (1)
-
tennantite (15)
-
-
sulfobismuthites
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berryite (1)
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lillianite (2)
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matildite (3)
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wittichenite (2)
-
-
sulfostannates
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stannite (3)
-
-
-
tellurates (9)
-
tellurides
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altaite (2)
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calaverite (4)
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hessite (3)
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sylvanite (1)
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tellurobismuthite (1)
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tetradymite (2)
-
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tellurites (6)
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tungstates
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ferberite (2)
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scheelite (9)
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stolzite (1)
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wolframite (5)
-
-
uranium minerals (30)
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vanadates
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carnotite (4)
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descloizite (1)
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vanadinite (3)
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volborthite (1)
-
-
wehrlite (1)
-
-
Primary terms
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absolute age (202)
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Africa
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Afar (1)
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Central Africa
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Angola (1)
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Congo Democratic Republic
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Gabon
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East Africa
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Kalahari Desert (3)
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North Africa
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Anti-Atlas (3)
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Egypt
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Morocco
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Anti-Atlas (3)
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Rif (1)
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Tunisia
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El Kef Tunisia (1)
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Nubian Shield (2)
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Sahara (1)
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Southern Africa
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Barberton greenstone belt (6)
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Botswana (3)
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Gariep Belt (2)
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Kaapvaal Craton (9)
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Kalahari Craton (1)
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Karoo Basin (1)
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Namaqualand (3)
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Namaqualand metamorphic complex (5)
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Namibia
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Damara Belt (1)
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Kaoko Belt (1)
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Otavi Namibia (2)
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Tsumeb Namibia (3)
-
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South Africa
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Bushveld Complex (14)
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Gauteng South Africa (1)
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Klerksdorp Field (1)
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KwaZulu-Natal South Africa (2)
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Merensky Reef (5)
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Antarctica
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Russian Arctic (2)
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asbestos deposits (4)
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Asia
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Far East
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Japan
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Chitradurga schist belt (6)
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Salair Ridge (5)
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associations (4)
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asteroids (3)
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Atlantic Ocean
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Mid-Atlantic Ridge
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North Atlantic
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English Channel
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North Sea
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Northeast Atlantic
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Rainbow hydrothermal field (1)
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South Atlantic (2)
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Atlantic Ocean Islands
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atmosphere (25)
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Australasia
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Adelaide Geosyncline (3)
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Queensland Australia
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South Australia
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Tasmania Australia
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Victoria Australia
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Western Australia
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New Zealand
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Papua (4)
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Ok Tedi Mine (2)
-
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bacteria
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Bacillus
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Acidithiobacillus
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Bacillus subtilis (1)
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coliform bacteria
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Escherichia
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Desulfovibrio (2)
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Pseudomonas (1)
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barite deposits (23)
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-
bibliography (5)
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boron
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B-11/B-10 (8)
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boron deposits (1)
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brines (85)
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Canada
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Maritime Provinces
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-
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Nova Scotia
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Matachewan dike swarm (1)
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Newfoundland and Labrador
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Ontario
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Quebec
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Labrador Trough (3)
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Insecta
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Articulata
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Orbitoidacea
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Mesozoic
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copper sulfate
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Journal Article
Evolution of fumarolic anhydrous copper sulfate minerals during successive hydration/dehydration Available to Purchase
Journal: Mineralogical Magazine
Published: 02 February 2021
Mineralogical Magazine (2021) 85 (2): 262–277.
... instead of Fe, or additional main group cations such as Na or K, or anions like halides, have received less attention to date. Anhydrous high-temperature sulfate minerals with transition metals such as iron, copper, zinc and vanadium are quite exotic mineral species, and occur almost exclusively...
Journal Article
MONTETRISAITE, A NEW HYDROXY-HYDRATED COPPER SULFATE SPECIES FROM MONTE TRISA, VICENZA, ITALY Available to Purchase
Journal: The Canadian Mineralogist
Publisher: Mineralogical Association of Canada
Published: 01 February 2009
The Canadian Mineralogist (2009) 47 (1): 143–151.
...Paolo Orlandi; Elena Bonaccorsi Abstract Montetrisaite, a new hydroxy-hydrated copper sulfate mineral species from Monte Trisa, Torrebelvicino, Vicenza, in Italy, has chemical formula Cu 6 (SO 4 )(OH) 10 ·2H 2 O. It is associated with galena, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, cerussite, anglesite, goethite...
Journal Article
The crystal structure of spangolite, a complex copper sulfate sheet mineral Available to Purchase
Journal: American Mineralogist
Publisher: Mineralogical Society of America
Published: 01 June 1993
American Mineralogist (1993) 78 (5-6): 649–652.
... octahedra are associated together in edge-sharing trimers lying on threefold rotation axes; the sulfate tetrahedron links to the central anion on one side of this trimer. These clusters link outward by sharing edges with Al ϕ 6 octahedra that lie on adjacent threefold axes, producing a continuous M ϕ 2...
Journal Article
Reaction of some trioctahedral micas with copper sulfate solutions at 25 degrees C and 1 atmosphere; an electron microprobe and TEM investigation Available to Purchase
Journal: Economic Geology
Publisher: Society of Economic Geologists
Published: 01 November 1992
Economic Geology (1992) 87 (7): 1813–1829.
...Eugene S. Ilton; Drummond Earley; Dianne C. Marozas; David R. Veblen Abstract Reaction of biotite and phlogopite with acidic, CuSO 4 -rich aqueous solutions at 25 degrees + or - 3 degrees C and 1 atm, produced submicroscopic inclusions of a copper-rich, sulfur-absent phase, identified by electron...
Journal Article
Effect of copper sulfate on pyrite formation in reducing sediments Available to Purchase
Journal: The Canadian Mineralogist
Publisher: Mineralogical Association of Canada
Published: 01 December 1988
The Canadian Mineralogist (1988) 26 (4): 965–972.
Journal Article
Crystal habit of synthetic chalcanthite (copper sulfate pentahydrate) as related to position and orientation in growth solution Available to Purchase
Journal: American Mineralogist
Publisher: Mineralogical Society of America
Published: 01 October 1974
American Mineralogist (1974) 59 (9-10): 1105–1112.
Journal Article
Elyite, basic lead-copper sulfate, a new mineral from nevada Available to Purchase
Journal: American Mineralogist
Publisher: Mineralogical Society of America
Published: 01 April 1972
American Mineralogist (1972) 57 (3-4_Part_1): 364–367.
Journal Article
Syngenesis of sulfide ores; sulfate-reducing bacteria and copper toxicity Available to Purchase
Journal: Economic Geology
Publisher: Society of Economic Geologists
Published: 01 March 1964
Economic Geology (1964) 59 (2): 271–278.
...Kenneth L. Temple; N. W. Le Roux Abstract Results of experiments involving addition of of copper sulfate to cultures of sulfate-reducing bacteria lead to the conclusion that copper toxicity cannot be used as an argument against syngenetic theories of sulfide ore formation. In the discussion...
Journal Article
Raman spectroscopy of basic copper(II) and some complex copper(II) sulfate minerals: Implications for hydrogen bonding Available to Purchase
Journal: American Mineralogist
Publisher: Mineralogical Society of America
Published: 01 July 2004
American Mineralogist (2004) 89 (7): 1130–1137.
... heavier than O (other than S and Cu) were detected (apart from Ca for devilline). Many complex copper(II) sulfate systems exist with quite complex stoichiometry ( Effenberger 1985 , 1988 ; Effenberger and Zemann 1984 ). The complexity of these minerals results from the presence of a wide range...
Journal Article
Lauraniite, Cu 6 Cd 2 (SO 4 ) 2 (OH) 12 ·5H 2 O, a New Copper Cadmium Sulfate Mineral from the Laurani Mine, Bolivia Available to Purchase
Journal: The Canadian Mineralogist
Publisher: Mineralogical Association of Canada
Published: 21 October 2022
The Canadian Mineralogist (2022) 60 (5): 825–836.
... . TABLE 3. CRYSTAL DATA, DATA COLLECTION, AND REFINEMENT DETAILS 2022 lauraniite new mineral species copper cadmium sulfate crystal structure Laurani Mine Bolivia synchrotron Cadmium is a rare element, found in average concentration of ∼0.15 ppm in the Earth's crust ( Haynes...
Journal Article
The relative stabilities of the copper hydroxyl sulphates Available to Purchase
C. H. Yoder, T. M. Agee, K. E. Ginion, A. E. Hofmann, J. E. Ewanichak, C. D. Schaeffer, Jr., M. J. Carroll, R. W. Schaeffer, P. F. McCaffrey
Journal: Mineralogical Magazine
Published: 01 October 2007
Mineralogical Magazine (2007) 71 (5): 571–577.
...C. H. Yoder; T. M. Agee; K. E. Ginion; A. E. Hofmann; J. E. Ewanichak; C. D. Schaeffer, Jr.; M. J. Carroll; R. W. Schaeffer; P. F. McCaffrey Abstract The literature contains considerable disagreements on the relative stabilities of the members of the copper hydroxyl sulphate family. Titration...
Image
Schematic copper–copper sulfate electrode. A copper wire is inserted into a... Available to Purchase
in Electrical Response of Flow, Diffusion, and Advection in a Laboratory Sand Box
> Vadose Zone Journal
Published: 01 November 2004
Fig. 2. Schematic copper–copper sulfate electrode. A copper wire is inserted into a thin glass capillary containing saturated copper sulfate solution. Contact with the external medium is ensured by mean of a porous ceramic. The upper end is closed using a paraffin wax.
Image
Variation of copper sulfate concentration during plating, with (▴) copper a... Open Access
in Manufacturing technology for implementing geological disposal: electroforming of copper canisters
> Mineralogical Magazine
Published: 01 November 2015
F ig . 5. Variation of copper sulfate concentration during plating, with (▴) copper anodes only, and (▪) copper anodes in conjunction with inert anodes.
Image
( a ) First X-ray diffraction pattern of copper sulfate. From Wikimedia Com... Available to Purchase
in Heirs of the revolution: X-ray diffraction and the birth of the Mineralogical Society of America
> American Mineralogist
Published: 01 January 2020
Figure 11. ( a ) First X-ray diffraction pattern of copper sulfate. From Wikimedia Commons. ( b ) First published X-ray diffraction pattern of sphalerite ( Friedrich et al. 1913 ). Used with permission from Annalen der Physik .
Image
Corrosion products of man-made objects. ( A ) Copper sulfate and chloride p... Available to Purchase
Published: 01 October 2015
F igure 5 Corrosion products of man-made objects. ( A ) Copper sulfate and chloride patinas give the Statue of Liberty (New York City, USA) its characteristic green color. ( B ) 100-year-old, atacamite-coated, miners' boots recovered from a deep gallery in a copper mine around Sierra Gorda
Image
The basic zinc copper sulfate minerals displayed in term of the diagram (Zn... Available to Purchase
in OSAKAITE, Zn 4 SO 4 (OH) 6 ·5H 2 O, A NEW MINERAL SPECIES FROM THE HIRAO MINE, OSAKA, JAPAN
> The Canadian Mineralogist
Published: 01 December 2007
F ig . 6. The basic zinc copper sulfate minerals displayed in term of the diagram (ZnO + CuO) − SO 3 − H 2 O. Minerals plotted: 1: osakaite, 2: namuwite, 3: ktenasite, 4: langite and wroewolfeite, 5: christelite, 6: ramsbeckite, 7: schulenbergite, 8: redgillite, 9: posnjakite, 10: brochantite
Image
Solubility of the hydrates of copper sulfate in sulfuric acid; modified fro... Available to Purchase
Published: 01 January 2000
Figure 16. Solubility of the hydrates of copper sulfate in sulfuric acid; modified from Mellor (1923) and Gmelins Handbuch (1958) .
Journal Article
Porphyry copper mineralization triggered by sulfate reduction and alkali metasomatism: Constraints from an experimental investigation Available to Purchase
Journal: GSA Bulletin
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Published: 10 January 2023
GSA Bulletin (2023) 135 (9-10): 2407–2427.
... in the vapor is much more efficient than in the coexisting liquid. The overlap between the K-silicate alteration zone and the mineralization triggered by sulfate reduction in porphyry copper deposits is controlled by several concomitant factors, e.g., relatively high temperature (e.g., at 400–500 °C), vapor...
Journal Article
Minohlite, a new copper-zinc sulfate mineral from Minoh, Osaka, Japan Available to Purchase
Journal: Mineralogical Magazine
Published: 01 April 2013
Mineralogical Magazine (2013) 77 (3): 335–342.
...M. Ohnishi; N. Shimobayashi; D. Nishio-Hamane; K. Shinoda; K. Momma; T. Ikeda Abstract Minohlite, a new copper-zinc sulfate mineral related to schulenbergite, was found in the oxidized zone of the Hirao mine at Minoh (Minoo) City, Osaka Prefecture, Japan. The mineral occurs in cracks in altered...
Journal Article
Formation of carbonate-sulfate veins associated with copper ore deposits from saline basin brines, Lisbon Valley, Utah; fluid inclusion and isotopic evidence Available to Purchase
Journal: Economic Geology
Publisher: Society of Economic Geologists
Published: 01 December 1986
Economic Geology (1986) 81 (8): 1853–1866.
...S. J. Morrison; W. T. Parry Abstract Copper (+ or - silver) ores occur along faults related to salt anticlines in red-bed sediments of the Paradox basin and in coal-bearing horizons of the Dakota Sandstone in southeastern Utah and southwestern Colorado. Deposits of this type occur at Salt Valley...
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