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Whundo Group

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Journal Article
Journal: Economic Geology
Published: 01 July 2002
Economic Geology (2002) 97 (4): 695–732.
... volcanics in the West Pilbara granite-greenstone terrane (Whundo Group), which have juvenile Nd isotope signatures and thus may represent either a rift or island-arc succession. Basaltic rocks and minor felsic tuff were deposited in the East Pilbara granite-greenstone terrane at 3.06 Ga and possibly...
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First thumbnail for: Geology and Tectonic Evolution of the Archean Nort...
Second thumbnail for: Geology and Tectonic Evolution of the Archean Nort...
Third thumbnail for: Geology and Tectonic Evolution of the Archean Nort...
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Trench section of the unconformable contact between the Purdy’s Reward conglomerate and the Whundo Group basalts. The pencil marks the point of the contact, which in this field of view formed in a localized channel.
Published: 01 May 2021
Fig. 4. Trench section of the unconformable contact between the Purdy’s Reward conglomerate and the Whundo Group basalts. The pencil marks the point of the contact, which in this field of view formed in a localized channel.
Image
Published: 01 July 2002
, U = Ultramafic layered intrusions, W = Warrawoona Group, WC = Whim Creek Group, Wh = Whundo Group.
Journal Article
Journal: Economic Geology
Published: 01 May 2021
Economic Geology (2021) 116 (3): 629–650.
...Fig. 4. Trench section of the unconformable contact between the Purdy’s Reward conglomerate and the Whundo Group basalts. The pencil marks the point of the contact, which in this field of view formed in a localized channel. ...
FIGURES
First thumbnail for: The Neoarchean Conglomerate-Hosted Gold of the Wes...
Second thumbnail for: The Neoarchean Conglomerate-Hosted Gold of the Wes...
Third thumbnail for: The Neoarchean Conglomerate-Hosted Gold of the Wes...
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Further investigation into the settings of boninites that are most difficult to categorize: those from Gadwal (G) and Nuvvuagittuq (N). (A–B) SiO2-MgO plots of estimates of the most primitive (parental) boninite and siliceous high-Mg basalt compositions from the various known or inferred (A) intraplate and (B) subduction-related settings described in this study. The Gadwal craton parental boninites (e.g., Manikyamba et al., 2005) do not plot in the same field as the Whundo-type arc-basin boninites, with which they had been originally grouped. Instead, they have much higher MgO values, inconsistent with shallow subduction processes, and so making an intraplate setting more likely. By contrast, the Nuvvuagittuq boninites do not plot with the Izu-Bonin-Mariana–type subduction initiation boninites, with which they had been originally grouped. Instead, they plot together with the Whundo-type boninites in the arc-basin boninite field. For abbreviations, see the captions to Figures 1 and 11.
Published: 07 June 2019
or inferred (A) intraplate and (B) subduction-related settings described in this study. The Gadwal craton parental boninites (e.g., Manikyamba et al., 2005 ) do not plot in the same field as the Whundo-type arc-basin boninites, with which they had been originally grouped. Instead, they have much higher MgO
Journal Article
Journal: Economic Geology
Published: 01 July 2002
Economic Geology (2002) 97 (4): 847–872.
.... 3130 to 3115 Ma Whundo Group to the south ( Hickman, 1997a , b ; Smith et al., 1998 ). The West Pilbara granite-greenstone terrane and the Central Pilbara tectonic zone also contain other mafic intrusions that are not coeval with the ca. 2.9 Ga layered intrusions. These include folded...
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First thumbnail for: Archean Layered Mafic-Ultramafic Intrusions in the...
Second thumbnail for: Archean Layered Mafic-Ultramafic Intrusions in the...
Third thumbnail for: Archean Layered Mafic-Ultramafic Intrusions in the...
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Ti8-Si8 diagram applied to the identification of boninites within the various groups of low-Ti Archean lavas documented in Supplemental File 1 (text footnote 1; sections S7–S12). Data points are average compositions (see Table 2 for standard deviations). (A) Representative range of Al-depleted komatiites (ADK) and Al-undepleted komatiites (AUK) from Sossi et al. (2016), in which Barberton AUK-type komatiitic boninites plot at the low-Ti, high-Si end of the komatiite field together with the depleted, Commondale-type komatiitic boninites. BK—basaltic komatiite. (B–F) Our classifications of the other types of Archean boninite, siliceous high-Mg basalt, and low-Ti basalt lavas. B–C and E depict the Whitney-, Mallina-, and Whundo-type boninites described by Smithies (2002) and Smithies et al. (2004a), supporting their inferred links to mantle plumes, intracratonic rifts, and volcanic arcs, respectively. D depicts the siliceous high-Mg basalt–low-Mg basalt–high-Mg basalt association of Redman and Keays (1985), and F depicts the compositional evolution of the Nuvvuagittuq amphibolites (O’Neil et al., 2011). Note that no Archean boninites match the Izu-Bonin-Mariana–type subduction initiation boninites that dominated the Phanerozoic and most of the Proterozoic (Figs. 9A and 9E). BLR—boninite-like rocks. For abbreviations, see the caption to Figure 1.
Published: 07 June 2019
Figure 10. Ti8-Si8 diagram applied to the identification of boninites within the various groups of low-Ti Archean lavas documented in Supplemental File 1 (text footnote 1 ; sections S7–S12). Data points are average compositions (see Table 2 for standard deviations). (A) Representative range
Journal Article
Journal: Economic Geology
Published: 01 January 2014
Economic Geology (2014) 109 (1): 11–26.
..., however. A central zone, comprising the Whundo greenstone belt (Whundo Group of the Sholl terrane) and the basement underlying the Mallina basin, is characterized by distinctly more juvenile isotopic signatures. Although lead isotope data are not available, neodymium data from felsic volcanic...
FIGURES
First thumbnail for: Tectonic Controls on the Endowment of Neoarchean C...
Second thumbnail for: Tectonic Controls on the Endowment of Neoarchean C...
Third thumbnail for: Tectonic Controls on the Endowment of Neoarchean C...
Journal Article
Journal: Geosphere
Published: 07 June 2019
Geosphere (2019) 15 (4): 1008–1037.
... or inferred (A) intraplate and (B) subduction-related settings described in this study. The Gadwal craton parental boninites (e.g., Manikyamba et al., 2005 ) do not plot in the same field as the Whundo-type arc-basin boninites, with which they had been originally grouped. Instead, they have much higher MgO...
FIGURES
First thumbnail for: Identification, classification, and interpretation...
Second thumbnail for: Identification, classification, and interpretation...
Third thumbnail for: Identification, classification, and interpretation...
Journal Article
Journal: Geology
Published: 01 May 2012
Geology (2012) 40 (5): 451–454.
... ( Smithies et al., 2005 ; Smithies and Champion, 2000 ), are equally short-lived; the longest (in the Whundo group) not exceeding 20 m.y. A similar episodicity is observed in the Zimbabwe craton ( Rollinson, 2011 ), with four short “arc” events between 2.74 and 2.62 Ga. In contrast, Phanerozoic...
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First thumbnail for: Short-term episodicity of Archaean plate tectonics
Second thumbnail for: Short-term episodicity of Archaean plate tectonics
Journal Article
Journal: Economic Geology
Published: 01 July 2002
Economic Geology (2002) 97 (4): 733–755.
...       and mafic volcanic rocks and clastic       sedimentary rocks   3020 Cleaverville Formation: Clastic   Cleaverville Formation: Clastic   sedimentary rocks and banded   sedimentary rocks and banded   iron-formation   iron-formation 3130–3115     Whundo Group: Mainly...
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First thumbnail for: The Timing of Mineralization in the Archean North ...
Second thumbnail for: The Timing of Mineralization in the Archean North ...
Third thumbnail for: The Timing of Mineralization in the Archean North ...
Journal Article
Journal: Economic Geology
Published: 28 June 2025
Economic Geology (2025)
... on the basis of the host lithostratigraphy, as well as the inferred geodynamic setting and petrogenetic affinity (e.g.,  Lentz, 1998 ; Barrie and Hannington, 1999 ; Franklin et al., 2005 ; Galley et al., 2007). The host lithostratigraphy can be grouped into one or more of the following: (1) mafic, (2) mafic...
FIGURES
First thumbnail for: The 3.53 Ga St James Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide ...
Second thumbnail for: The 3.53 Ga St James Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide ...
Third thumbnail for: The 3.53 Ga St James Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide ...
Journal Article
Journal: Economic Geology
Published: 01 July 2002
Economic Geology (2002) 97 (4): 827–845.
... Group comprises five formations (oldest to youngest): Cistern Formation, Rushall Slate, Mount Negri Volcanics, Louden Volcanics, and Kialrah Rhyolite. The Whim Creek Group ( Fig. 2 ) unconformably overlies the ca. 3120 Ma Whundo Group that is elsewhere intruded by 3093 ± 4 Ma ( Nelson, 1997...
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First thumbnail for: Geologic Constraints on Base Metal Mineralization ...
Second thumbnail for: Geologic Constraints on Base Metal Mineralization ...
Third thumbnail for: Geologic Constraints on Base Metal Mineralization ...
Journal Article
Published: 01 March 2021
South African Journal of Geology (2021) 124 (1): 141–162.
... ) and the 3.12 Ga Whundo Group on the western edge of the Pilbara Craton ( Smithies et al., 2005b ). They differ in detail from Phanerozic arc assemblages, in particular by being less porphyritic and having a complex range of rock types in addition to the BADR series which may include boninites, high-Mg...
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First thumbnail for: Precambrian tectonic evolution of Earth: an outlin...
Second thumbnail for: Precambrian tectonic evolution of Earth: an outlin...
Third thumbnail for: Precambrian tectonic evolution of Earth: an outlin...
Journal Article
Published: 27 August 2024
Journal of the Geological Society (2024) 181 (6): jgs2024-091.
... 2019 a ) and include 75 localities that record Archean metamorphism, although most are Neoarchean in age, with only 10 of Mesoarchean, 12 of Paleoarchean and two of Eoarchean age. The third example in Figure 5e is from the 3.12 Ga Whundo Group (West Pilbara Terrane) ( Smithies et al. 2005 b...
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First thumbnail for: Is plate tectonics a post-Archean phenomenon? A pe...
Second thumbnail for: Is plate tectonics a post-Archean phenomenon? A pe...
Third thumbnail for: Is plate tectonics a post-Archean phenomenon? A pe...
Journal Article
Published: 13 November 2007
Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (2007) 44 (11): 1517–1535.
... and adakites: are they both slab melts? Lithos , 80 : 33 – 44 . Cousens B. Facey K. Falck H. 2002 . Geochemistry of the late Archean Banting Group, Yellowknife greenstone belt, Slave Province, Canada: simultaneous melting of the upper mantle and juvenile mafic crust . Canadian Journal...
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First thumbnail for: Geochemistry of adakites and rhyolites from the Ne...
Second thumbnail for: Geochemistry of adakites and rhyolites from the Ne...
Third thumbnail for: Geochemistry of adakites and rhyolites from the Ne...
Journal Article
Published: 14 March 2012
Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (2012) 49 (4): 615–636.
... basalts, but Nb 6.3–18 ppm in the studied samples, both basalt groups qualify as NEB, and notwithstanding the compositional gap, both plot collinearly on binary diagrams; accordingly, the “normal” NEB are considered as fractionation products of the high-Mg basalts now termed magnesian-NEB (M-NEB) ( Fig. 5...
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First thumbnail for: Contemporaneous eruption of Nb-enriched basalts – ...
Second thumbnail for: Contemporaneous eruption of Nb-enriched basalts – ...
Third thumbnail for: Contemporaneous eruption of Nb-enriched basalts – ...
Journal Article
Journal: Economic Geology
Published: 01 July 2002
Economic Geology (2002) 97 (4): 787–800.
... thickness of rocks of the Mosquito Creek belt to be ~5,000 m, although he acknowledged the difficulties in this estimation due to tectonic thickening from isoclinal folding. Along the northern margin of the belt, the base of the Mosquito Creek Formation lies unconformably in the Warrawoona Group...
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First thumbnail for: The Diverse Structure of Archean Lode Gold Deposit...
Second thumbnail for: The Diverse Structure of Archean Lode Gold Deposit...
Third thumbnail for: The Diverse Structure of Archean Lode Gold Deposit...
Journal Article
Journal: Economic Geology
Published: 01 May 2005
Economic Geology (2005) 100 (3): 603–612.
... 373 Major and trace element composition of copiapite-group minerals and coexisting water from the Richmond mine, Iron Mountain, California— Heather E. Jamieson, Clare Robinson, Charles N. Alpers, R. Blaine McCleskey, D. Kirk Nordstrom, and Ronald C. Peterson 387 Secondary sulfate minerals...
Journal Article
Published: 01 March 2021
South African Journal of Geology (2021) 124 (1): 37–52.
... km-thick volcano-sedimentary successions of the ca . 3.53 to 3.17 Ga Pilbara Supergroup, itself comprising four autochthonous groups: the Warrawoona, Kelly, Sulphur Springs, and Soanesville groups ( Hickman, 2012 ; Van Kranendonk et al., 2007a ; Van Kranendonk et al., 2007b ). The stratigraphic...
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First thumbnail for: Palaeoarchaean TTGs of the Pilbara and Kaapvaal cr...
Second thumbnail for: Palaeoarchaean TTGs of the Pilbara and Kaapvaal cr...
Third thumbnail for: Palaeoarchaean TTGs of the Pilbara and Kaapvaal cr...