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NARROW
GeoRef Subject
-
all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
-
Africa
-
Afar (1)
-
East Africa
-
Afar Depression (1)
-
Eritrea (1)
-
Kenya (1)
-
-
West Africa
-
Ghana (1)
-
-
-
Alpine Fault (1)
-
Arctic region
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Greenland (1)
-
-
Asia
-
Central Asia (1)
-
Far East
-
Japan (1)
-
-
Indian Peninsula
-
India
-
Maharashtra India
-
Latur India (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
North Atlantic
-
Gulf of Mexico (1)
-
Hudson Bay (1)
-
Reykjanes Ridge (1)
-
-
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
Darling Basin (1)
-
New South Wales Australia
-
Murrumbidgee River (1)
-
-
Western Australia
-
Yilgarn Craton (1)
-
-
-
New Zealand
-
Canterbury New Zealand
-
Christchurch New Zealand (1)
-
-
-
-
Baffin Bay (1)
-
Calico Mountains (1)
-
Canada
-
Cold Lake (1)
-
Eastern Canada
-
Baffin Island (1)
-
Belcher Islands (1)
-
Maritime Provinces
-
New Brunswick
-
Miramichi Bay (1)
-
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Nova Scotia (1)
-
-
Ontario
-
Ottawa Ontario (1)
-
-
Quebec
-
Anticosti Island (1)
-
Charlevoix (3)
-
Gatineau Valley (1)
-
Montreal and Jesus Islands County Quebec
-
Montreal Quebec (1)
-
-
-
-
Hudson Bay (1)
-
Nunavut
-
Baffin Island (1)
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Belcher Islands (1)
-
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Ungava (1)
-
Western Canada
-
Alberta
-
Alberta Basin (3)
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Athabasca Oil Sands (2)
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Dinosaur Provincial Park (1)
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Fort McMurray Alberta (1)
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Red Deer River valley (1)
-
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Canadian Cordillera (2)
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Northwest Territories (2)
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South Saskatchewan River (1)
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Yukon Territory (2)
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Canterbury Basin (1)
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Europe
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Central Europe
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Fennoscandian Shield (1)
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Spain
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Western Europe
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France
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Scandinavia
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Sweden
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United Kingdom
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Great Britain
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England
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Scotland (1)
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Fairweather Fault (1)
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Grand Canyon (1)
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Lake Mead (1)
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North America
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Appalachian Basin (2)
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Appalachians
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Appalachian Plateau (1)
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Northern Appalachians (1)
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Basin and Range Province (1)
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Canadian Shield
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Grenville Province (1)
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Denali Fault (1)
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Great Lakes
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Lake Erie (1)
-
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Great Lakes region (2)
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Gulf Coastal Plain (1)
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Michigan Basin (4)
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Mississippi River basin (2)
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Niagara River (1)
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North American Cordillera
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Canadian Cordillera (2)
-
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North American Craton (1)
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Sweetgrass Arch (2)
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Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (2)
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Western Interior
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Western Interior Seaway (2)
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Williston Basin (1)
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Yakutat Terrane (1)
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Pacific Ocean
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North Pacific
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Northwest Pacific
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South China Sea
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Malay Basin (1)
-
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-
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West Pacific
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Northwest Pacific
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South China Sea
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Malay Basin (1)
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Permian Basin (1)
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Rio Negro (1)
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Salmon River (1)
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South America
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Argentina
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Brazil
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South Island (3)
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United States
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Alabama (1)
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Arizona
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Mohave County Arizona (1)
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Arkansas
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Johnson County Arkansas (1)
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Atlantic Coastal Plain (2)
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Bighorn Basin (2)
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California
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Mendocino County California (1)
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San Bernardino County California
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San Francisco Bay
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Southern California (2)
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Cincinnati Arch (4)
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Colorado (3)
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Eastern U.S. (12)
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Illinois
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Gallatin County Illinois (1)
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Hamilton County Illinois (2)
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Madison County Illinois (1)
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Saint Clair County Illinois (1)
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Wabash County Illinois (5)
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Illinois Basin (29)
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Posey County Indiana (5)
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Ripley County Indiana (1)
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Sullivan County Indiana (1)
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Vanderburgh County Indiana (5)
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Warrick County Indiana (1)
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Kansas (1)
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Jefferson County Kentucky
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Louisville Kentucky (1)
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Rough Creek fault zone (1)
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Louisiana
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Massachusetts
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Plymouth County Massachusetts (1)
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Michigan (4)
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Midcontinent (2)
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Midwest (10)
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Mississippi (2)
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Mississippi Embayment (8)
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Mississippi River (4)
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Mississippi Valley
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Lower Mississippi Valley (1)
-
-
Missouri
-
Mississippi County Missouri (1)
-
New Madrid County Missouri
-
New Madrid Missouri (1)
-
-
Saint Louis County Missouri
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Saint Louis Missouri (6)
-
-
Stoddard County Missouri (1)
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Taney County Missouri (1)
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Montana
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Powder River County Montana (1)
-
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Nevada (1)
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New Madrid region (32)
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New York
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Finger Lakes (1)
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Tompkins County New York
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Ithaca New York (1)
-
-
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Ohio
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Lucas County Ohio (1)
-
Mercer County Ohio (1)
-
-
Ohio River (3)
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Ohio River valley (4)
-
Oklahoma
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Meers Fault (1)
-
-
Oregon
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Clatsop County Oregon (1)
-
-
Ozark Mountains (1)
-
Pennsylvania
-
Allegheny County Pennsylvania
-
Pittsburgh Pennsylvania (1)
-
-
Union County Pennsylvania (1)
-
-
Powder River basin (1)
-
Reelfoot Rift (3)
-
Sevier orogenic belt (1)
-
South Carolina
-
Charleston County South Carolina
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Charleston South Carolina (4)
-
-
-
Tennessee (20)
-
Texas
-
San Saba County Texas (1)
-
-
Utah
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Garfield County Utah (1)
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Henry Mountains (1)
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Wayne County Utah (2)
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Virginia (3)
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Wabash Valley (37)
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Washington
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Olympic Mountains (1)
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Stevens County Washington (1)
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Wisconsin (1)
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Wyoming
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Park County Wyoming (1)
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Yellowstone River (1)
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Wind River basin (1)
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commodities
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construction materials
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building stone (3)
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metal ores
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mineral deposits, genesis (1)
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mineral resources (3)
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oil and gas fields (9)
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ornamental materials (1)
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petroleum
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natural gas
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shale gas (1)
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water resources (2)
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elements, isotopes
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carbon
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C-13/C-12 (4)
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C-14 (7)
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chemical ratios (1)
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isotope ratios (7)
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isotopes
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radioactive isotopes
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C-14 (7)
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
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Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
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Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
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Th-230 (1)
-
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stable isotopes
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C-13/C-12 (4)
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Hf-177/Hf-176 (1)
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O-18/O-16 (1)
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
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Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
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Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (1)
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metals
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actinides
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thorium
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Th-230 (1)
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-
uranium (2)
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alkaline earth metals
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beryllium (1)
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strontium
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (1)
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arsenic (1)
-
cadmium (1)
-
hafnium
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (1)
-
-
lead
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
-
-
rare earths
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lutetium (1)
-
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titanium (1)
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vanadium (1)
-
zinc (1)
-
-
oxygen
-
O-18/O-16 (1)
-
-
sulfur (1)
-
-
fossils
-
Chordata
-
Vertebrata
-
Pisces
-
Chondrichthyes
-
Elasmobranchii (1)
-
Holocephali (1)
-
-
Osteichthyes
-
Actinopterygii (1)
-
-
-
Tetrapoda
-
Mammalia
-
Theria
-
Eutheria
-
Proboscidea
-
Mastodontoidea (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Reptilia
-
Synapsida
-
Pelycosauria (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
ichnofossils (2)
-
Invertebrata
-
Arthropoda
-
Chelicerata
-
Merostomata
-
Eurypterida (2)
-
-
-
Trilobitomorpha
-
Trilobita (1)
-
-
-
Brachiopoda
-
Articulata (1)
-
-
Bryozoa (1)
-
Cnidaria
-
Anthozoa (4)
-
-
Echinodermata
-
Crinozoa
-
Crinoidea (3)
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Cystoidea (2)
-
-
-
Mollusca
-
Cephalopoda (2)
-
Gastropoda (3)
-
-
Porifera
-
Stromatoporoidea (1)
-
-
-
microfossils
-
Conodonta (4)
-
-
palynomorphs
-
acritarchs (1)
-
-
Plantae
-
algae
-
Chlorophyta
-
Tasmanites (1)
-
-
-
-
-
geochronology methods
-
optically stimulated luminescence (3)
-
paleomagnetism (3)
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Sm/Nd (1)
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Th/U (1)
-
U/Pb (5)
-
-
geologic age
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Holocene
-
upper Holocene (3)
-
-
Pleistocene
-
Illinoian (2)
-
upper Pleistocene
-
Wisconsinan
-
upper Wisconsinan (1)
-
-
-
Wedron Formation (1)
-
-
upper Quaternary (1)
-
-
Tertiary
-
Neogene
-
Miocene
-
Barstow Formation (1)
-
lower Miocene (1)
-
-
Pliocene (2)
-
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene (2)
-
Oligocene
-
upper Oligocene (1)
-
-
Paleocene (2)
-
-
-
-
Laurentide ice sheet (2)
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Comanchean
-
Travis Peak Formation (1)
-
-
Lower Cretaceous
-
Aptian (1)
-
Cadomin Formation (1)
-
Cloverly Formation (1)
-
Mannville Group (2)
-
McMurray Formation (6)
-
Travis Peak Formation (1)
-
-
Mancos Shale (1)
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Almond Formation (1)
-
Bearpaw Formation (1)
-
Campanian (1)
-
Cenomanian (1)
-
Ferron Sandstone Member (2)
-
Horseshoe Canyon Formation (1)
-
Judith River Formation (1)
-
Mesaverde Group (1)
-
Turonian (1)
-
Williams Fork Formation (1)
-
-
-
Jurassic
-
Middle Jurassic (1)
-
Upper Jurassic
-
Morrison Formation (1)
-
Salt Wash Sandstone Member (1)
-
Tithonian (1)
-
-
-
Triassic
-
Upper Triassic
-
Norian (1)
-
-
-
Vaca Muerta Formation (1)
-
-
Paleozoic
-
Cambrian
-
Upper Cambrian
-
Eau Claire Formation (1)
-
Mount Simon Sandstone (1)
-
-
-
Carboniferous
-
Mississippian
-
Barnett Shale (1)
-
Lower Mississippian
-
Kekiktuk Conglomerate (1)
-
Pocono Formation (1)
-
-
Upper Mississippian
-
Chesterian
-
Aux Vases Sandstone (1)
-
Renault Formation (1)
-
-
Meramecian
-
Salem Limestone (2)
-
-
-
Valmeyeran (1)
-
-
Pennsylvanian
-
Conemaugh Group (1)
-
Lower Pennsylvanian
-
Morrowan
-
Bloyd Formation (1)
-
-
-
Mattoon Formation (1)
-
Middle Pennsylvanian
-
Allegheny Group (1)
-
Carbondale Formation (1)
-
-
Monongahela Group (1)
-
Smithwick Shale (1)
-
Upper Pennsylvanian
-
Kasimovian (1)
-
-
-
Upper Carboniferous (1)
-
-
Devonian
-
Lower Devonian
-
Gedinnian (1)
-
-
Middle Devonian
-
Eifelian (2)
-
Givetian (1)
-
Hamilton Group (1)
-
Jeffersonville Limestone (1)
-
Marcellus Shale (1)
-
Prairie Evaporite (1)
-
-
Old Red Sandstone (1)
-
Upper Devonian
-
Jefferson Group (1)
-
-
-
Dunkard Group (1)
-
Knox Group (1)
-
New Albany Shale (2)
-
Ordovician
-
Middle Ordovician (2)
-
Trenton Group (1)
-
Upper Ordovician
-
Cincinnatian (2)
-
Mohawkian (1)
-
Trentonian (1)
-
-
-
Silurian
-
Lockport Formation (1)
-
Lower Silurian
-
Llandovery
-
Aeronian (1)
-
-
Wenlock
-
Homerian (1)
-
-
-
Middle Silurian
-
Waldron Shale (2)
-
-
Niagaran (3)
-
Upper Silurian
-
Cayugan
-
Tonoloway Limestone (1)
-
-
Ludlow (3)
-
Pridoli (2)
-
Salina Group (2)
-
-
-
upper Paleozoic (1)
-
-
Phanerozoic (2)
-
Precambrian
-
Archean (1)
-
Hamersley Group (1)
-
middle Precambrian (1)
-
Sokoman Formation (1)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Mesoproterozoic
-
Belt Supergroup (1)
-
-
Negaunee Iron Formation (1)
-
Neoproterozoic (1)
-
-
-
-
-
igneous rocks
-
igneous rocks
-
plutonic rocks
-
granites (1)
-
syenites (1)
-
-
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
metamorphic rocks
-
marbles (2)
-
-
-
minerals
-
carbonates
-
aragonite (1)
-
calcite (1)
-
dolomite (3)
-
-
silicates
-
framework silicates
-
feldspar group
-
alkali feldspar
-
K-feldspar (1)
-
-
-
-
orthosilicates
-
nesosilicates
-
zircon group
-
zircon (3)
-
-
-
-
-
sulfides
-
pyrite (1)
-
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (7)
-
Africa
-
Afar (1)
-
East Africa
-
Afar Depression (1)
-
Eritrea (1)
-
Kenya (1)
-
-
West Africa
-
Ghana (1)
-
-
-
Arctic region
-
Greenland (1)
-
-
Asia
-
Central Asia (1)
-
Far East
-
Japan (1)
-
-
Indian Peninsula
-
India
-
Maharashtra India
-
Latur India (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
North Atlantic
-
Gulf of Mexico (1)
-
Hudson Bay (1)
-
Reykjanes Ridge (1)
-
-
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
Darling Basin (1)
-
New South Wales Australia
-
Murrumbidgee River (1)
-
-
Western Australia
-
Yilgarn Craton (1)
-
-
-
New Zealand
-
Canterbury New Zealand
-
Christchurch New Zealand (1)
-
-
-
-
bibliography (2)
-
biography (2)
-
bitumens (1)
-
Canada
-
Cold Lake (1)
-
Eastern Canada
-
Baffin Island (1)
-
Belcher Islands (1)
-
Maritime Provinces
-
New Brunswick
-
Miramichi Bay (1)
-
-
Nova Scotia (1)
-
-
Ontario
-
Ottawa Ontario (1)
-
-
Quebec
-
Anticosti Island (1)
-
Charlevoix (3)
-
Gatineau Valley (1)
-
Montreal and Jesus Islands County Quebec
-
Montreal Quebec (1)
-
-
-
-
Hudson Bay (1)
-
Nunavut
-
Baffin Island (1)
-
Belcher Islands (1)
-
-
Ungava (1)
-
Western Canada
-
Alberta
-
Alberta Basin (3)
-
Athabasca Oil Sands (2)
-
Dinosaur Provincial Park (1)
-
Fort McMurray Alberta (1)
-
Red Deer River valley (1)
-
-
Canadian Cordillera (2)
-
Northwest Territories (2)
-
South Saskatchewan River (1)
-
Yukon Territory (2)
-
-
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (4)
-
C-14 (7)
-
-
catalogs (2)
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Holocene
-
upper Holocene (3)
-
-
Pleistocene
-
Illinoian (2)
-
upper Pleistocene
-
Wisconsinan
-
upper Wisconsinan (1)
-
-
-
Wedron Formation (1)
-
-
upper Quaternary (1)
-
-
Tertiary
-
Neogene
-
Miocene
-
Barstow Formation (1)
-
lower Miocene (1)
-
-
Pliocene (2)
-
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene (2)
-
Oligocene
-
upper Oligocene (1)
-
-
Paleocene (2)
-
-
-
-
Chordata
-
Vertebrata
-
Pisces
-
Chondrichthyes
-
Elasmobranchii (1)
-
Holocephali (1)
-
-
Osteichthyes
-
Actinopterygii (1)
-
-
-
Tetrapoda
-
Mammalia
-
Theria
-
Eutheria
-
Proboscidea
-
Mastodontoidea (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Reptilia
-
Synapsida
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Wabash River
Evaluation of Linear Site-Response Methods for Estimating Higher-Frequency (> 2 Hz) Ground Motions in the Lower Wabash River Valley of the Central United States
Depositional model of point bars in the lower Wabash River
Velocity–bed-form–texture patterns of meander bends in the lower Wabash River of Illinois and Indiana
Lateral Variation in Chester Sandstones Producing Oil and Gas in Lower Wabash River Area, with Special Reference to New Harmony Field, Illinois and Indiana
Lateral Variation in the Chester Sandstones Producing Oil and Gas in the Lower Wabash River Area: ABSTRACT
—Permeability distribution for Whitewater River bar and Wabash River bar. A...
—Porosity distributions for Whitewater River bar and Wabash River bar.
Terrain map centered on the lower Wabash River valley (solid ellipse) showi...
—Aerial photograph of Wabash River bar, with locations of sample profiles, ...
—Trench sections through sand-scale front on Wabash River bar. Section A ...
—Permeability and porosity versus textural parameters for Wabash River (tri...
Location of New Harmony field in lower Wabash River area.
—Lower Wabash River area, Illinois and Indiana, showing oil and gas pools a...
ABSTRACT About 17,000 yr ago, Glacial Lake Maumee breached the Fort Wayne Moraine, sending an unimaginably large torrent of meltwater down the upper Wabash River Valley (UWRV). The Maumee Megaflood (MM) may have lasted only a few weeks, but it scoured out a deep trough along the main stem of the river, radically lowering regional base level in what amounts to a geological instant and imposing a strong disequilibrium on a landscape that continues to experience major geomorphic, environmental, and ecological adjustments. In Huntington and Wabash Counties, the central part of the trough is engorged in resistant, Late Silurian reef-associated and inter-reef rocks, producing the largest natural bedrock exposure in heavily glaciated northern Indiana. Unlike the immature, deranged drainage pattern that characterizes most of the glaciated region, streams adjacent to the UWRV form well-integrated drainage networks that exhibit features and processes more typical of high-relief bedrock areas, such as steep fall zones with prominent, lithologically controlled knickpoints, canyons, large terraces, falls and cascades, and a variety of bluff and hillside morphologies and associated groundwater phenomena. The exceptional exposures and diverse landscape of this region have attracted well over a century of interest from geomorphologists and glacial geologists, sedimentologists, stratigraphers, and paleontologists, as well as hydrogeologists, anthropologists, ecologists, and geoscience educators. Among other firsts, the organic origin of fossil reefs in the southern Great Lakes was definitively established in the UWRV, as was the occurrence of convulsive meltwater outbursts during deglaciation of the Laurentide Ice Sheet; likewise, the first direct Mississippi River–Great Lakes connection was also established here by early voyageurs. Today, the region is a popular destination for both nature tourism and history buffs, due in no small part to the burgeoning number of geologically inspired natural areas and historical sites. This field trip traces the MM from its outlet at Fort Wayne, through the bedrock gorge of the upper Wabash River, to the confluence with the late Tertiary Teays Bedrock Valley, with major emphasis on how the depositional framework and diagenetic history of the Late Silurian reef archipelago continue to reverberate in the modern geomorphic response of the valley to Pleistocene events. The first three stops focus on the Wabash-Erie Channel, which acted as the principal outlet of Glacial Lake Maumee and whose underlying geologic characteristics controlled the overall incision history of the MM. Several stops in the Wabash bedrock gorge and Salamonie Narrows will examine the handiwork of this flood, which created the spectacular klintar, or pinnacle-like reefs, of the UWRV, within a landscape that early geomorphologists likened to the scablands of eastern Washington. There, we will see world-class exposures of the fossilized Late Silurian reefs and how their organic framework and diagenesis are controlling the ongoing adjustment of the UWRV landscape and its streams to the convulsive changes imposed by the MM. Stop 9 will showcase the elusive Teays Bedrock Valley and its complex pre-Wisconsin fill, where it converges with the modern river and has been partially exhumed by a major tributary, and offers a study in contrasts between the bedrock-controlled landscapes of earlier stops and an equally steep one excavated entirely into unconsolidated deposits. After a brief stop at the iconic Seven Pillars landmark, the trip concludes at the spectacular Pipe Creek Jr. Quarry, which features several km of tall exposures through the Late Silurian carbonate complex, a late Neogene sinkhole deposit, and the overlying Pleistocene section.