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NARROW
Format
Article Type
Journal
Publisher
Section
GeoRef Subject
-
all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
-
Africa
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Central Africa
-
Angola (1)
-
-
North Africa
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Egypt
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Eastern Desert (1)
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Nubian Shield (1)
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Southern Africa
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Barberton greenstone belt (2)
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Kaapvaal Craton (2)
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Namibia (1)
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South Africa
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Bushveld Complex (2)
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Cape Province region (1)
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Swaziland (1)
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West Africa
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Cameroon (1)
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Chad (1)
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Altiplano (3)
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American River (1)
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Antarctica
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Queen Maud Land (1)
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Victoria Land
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McMurdo dry valleys
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Wright Valley (1)
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Asia
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Arabian Peninsula
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Arabian Shield (1)
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Far East
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Borneo
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Sabah Malaysia (1)
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China
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Da Hinggan Ling (2)
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Dabie Mountains (1)
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Guangdong China (1)
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Heilongjiang China
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Hong Kong (1)
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Kunlun Mountains (1)
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Macau (1)
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North China Platform (3)
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Shandong China (1)
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Sichuan China (1)
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South China Block (3)
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Tongbai Mountains (1)
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Tongling China (1)
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Xiaoqinling Mountains (1)
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Xinjiang China
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Tarim Basin (1)
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Xizang China
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Yangtze River (1)
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Japan
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Honshu
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Malaysia
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East Malaysia
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Philippine Islands (1)
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Indian Peninsula
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India
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Dharwar Craton (1)
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Ghats
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Jharkhand India
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Karnataka India (1)
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Jammu and Kashmir
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Ladakh (1)
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Pakistan (1)
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Karakoram (1)
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Middle East
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Iran (4)
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Tien Shan (1)
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Atlantic Ocean Islands
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Canary Islands
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Fuerteventura (1)
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Augustine (1)
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Australasia
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Australia
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Lachlan fold belt (1)
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New South Wales Australia (1)
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Northern Territory Australia (1)
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Queensland Australia
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Broken River Province (1)
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South Australia
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Gawler Craton (1)
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Victoria Australia
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Bendigo Australia (1)
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Western Australia
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Yilgarn (1)
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-
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New Zealand
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Southland New Zealand
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Fiordland (3)
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Westland New Zealand (1)
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Bear Valley (1)
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Caledonides (1)
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Canada
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Eastern Canada
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Maritime Provinces
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Nova Scotia (3)
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Meguma Terrane (1)
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Ontario (2)
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Quebec
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Stikinia Terrane (2)
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Western Canada
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British Columbia (10)
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Canadian Cordillera (2)
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Cascade Range (8)
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Commonwealth of Independent States
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Azerbaijan
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Russian Federation
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Cordillera de la Costa (2)
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Crater Lake (1)
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Diablo Range (1)
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East Pacific Ocean Islands
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Hawaii
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Hawaii County Hawaii
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Hawaii Island
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Kilauea (1)
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-
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Elba (2)
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Europe
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Alps
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Central Alps
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Rhaetian Alps
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Adamello Massif (1)
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-
-
Piedmont Alps
-
Dora Maira Massif (1)
-
-
Western Alps
-
Cottian Alps
-
Dora Maira Massif (1)
-
-
-
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Armenia (1)
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Azerbaijan
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Nakhichevan Azerbaijan (1)
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Bergell Massif (1)
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Central Europe
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Bohemian Massif (1)
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Switzerland (1)
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Pyrenees (2)
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Southern Europe
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Iberian Peninsula
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Central Iberian Zone (1)
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Spain
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Asturias Spain (1)
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Los Pedroches Batholith (1)
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Spanish Central System (1)
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Italy
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Apennines
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Calabria Italy (1)
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Campania Italy
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Phlegraean Fields (1)
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Ivrea-Verbano Zone (1)
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Latium Italy
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Liguria Italy (1)
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Lombardy Italy
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Adamello Massif (1)
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Piemonte Italy
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Dora Maira Massif (1)
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Sicily Italy
-
Lipari Islands
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Tuscany Italy
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Variscides (2)
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Western Europe
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Cottian Alps
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France
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Vosges Mountains (1)
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Iceland (1)
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Galway Ireland
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Scandinavia
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Finland (1)
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Norway (4)
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United Kingdom
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Great Britain
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England
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Cornubian Batholith (2)
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Cornwall England (1)
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Scotland (1)
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Northern Ireland (1)
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-
-
-
Kings River (2)
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Makran (2)
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Malay Archipelago
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Borneo
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East Malaysia
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Sabah Malaysia (1)
-
-
-
-
Mexico
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Baja California Mexico (1)
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Puebla Mexico
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Los Humeros (1)
-
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Sonora Mexico (1)
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Trans-Mexican volcanic belt (1)
-
-
North America
-
Appalachians
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Northern Appalachians (1)
-
-
Basin and Range Province
-
Great Basin (3)
-
-
Canadian Shield (1)
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Grenville Front (1)
-
Keweenawan Rift (2)
-
North American Cordillera
-
Canadian Cordillera (2)
-
-
Omineca Belt (1)
-
Peninsular Ranges Batholith (4)
-
Rocky Mountains
-
Southern Rocky Mountains (5)
-
U. S. Rocky Mountains
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Laramie Mountains (1)
-
San Juan Mountains (3)
-
Sawatch Range (1)
-
Wasatch Range (1)
-
-
-
Yukon-Tanana Terrane (3)
-
Yukon-Tanana Upland (1)
-
-
Oceania
-
Melanesia
-
New Caledonia (1)
-
-
Polynesia
-
Hawaii
-
Hawaii County Hawaii
-
Hawaii Island
-
Kilauea (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Owens Valley (1)
-
Pacific Coast (1)
-
Puna (3)
-
Ruby Mountains (1)
-
Sacramento Valley (1)
-
San Joaquin River (2)
-
Sierra Nevada (61)
-
South America
-
Andes
-
Central Andes (2)
-
-
Argentina
-
Pampean Mountains (1)
-
San Luis Argentina (1)
-
-
Bolivia (2)
-
Chile
-
Antofagasta Chile (1)
-
Magallanes Chile (2)
-
-
Patagonia (1)
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Peru (4)
-
-
South Island (3)
-
South Mountain Batholith (4)
-
Stewart Island (1)
-
Taylor Valley (1)
-
Twin Lakes (1)
-
United States
-
Alaska
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Alaska Range (1)
-
Kodiak Island (2)
-
Mount Hayes Quadrangle (1)
-
Tanacross Quadrangle (1)
-
-
Arizona
-
Santa Cruz County Arizona (1)
-
-
California
-
Butte County California (1)
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Calaveras Fault (1)
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Central California (26)
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Contra Costa County California (1)
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El Dorado County California (1)
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Feather River (1)
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Fresno County California (3)
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Hayward Fault (1)
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Inyo County California
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Coso Range (1)
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Inyo Mountains (1)
-
-
Kings Canyon National Park (1)
-
Madera County California (4)
-
Mariposa County California (9)
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Melones Fault (1)
-
Merced County California (1)
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Mono County California
-
Long Valley Caldera (1)
-
-
Northern California (9)
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Placer County California (1)
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Rattlesnake Creek Terrane (1)
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Salinian Block (3)
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San Benito County California (1)
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San Bernardino County California (1)
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San Diego County California (1)
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San Francisco County California
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San Francisco California (1)
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San Gabriel Mountains (1)
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San Joaquin Valley (2)
-
Santa Clara County California
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Santa Clara California (1)
-
-
Sierra Nevada Batholith (39)
-
Southern California (3)
-
Southern California Batholith (1)
-
Stanislaus County California (1)
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Transverse Ranges (1)
-
Tulare County California (2)
-
Tuolumne County California (17)
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Yosemite National Park (15)
-
-
Colorado
-
Conejos County Colorado (1)
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Gunnison County Colorado (1)
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Hinsdale County Colorado (1)
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Mineral County Colorado (1)
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Rio Grande County Colorado (1)
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Saguache County Colorado (1)
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San Juan volcanic field (2)
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Sawatch Range (1)
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Colorado Plateau (1)
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Great Basin (3)
-
Hawaii
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Hawaii County Hawaii
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Hawaii Island
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Kilauea (1)
-
-
-
-
Idaho
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Boise County Idaho (1)
-
Custer County Idaho (1)
-
Idaho County Idaho (1)
-
Latah County Idaho (1)
-
Valley County Idaho (1)
-
-
Idaho Batholith (6)
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Klamath Mountains (12)
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Lake Tahoe (1)
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Maine
-
Hancock County Maine (1)
-
-
Minnesota (1)
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Mojave Desert (2)
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Montana
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Stillwater County Montana (1)
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Nevada
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Carlin Trend (1)
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Clark County Nevada (1)
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Humboldt County Nevada
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Santa Rosa Range (1)
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Lyon County Nevada (1)
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Pershing County Nevada (1)
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New England (1)
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New Mexico
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Taos County New Mexico
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Questa Caldera (2)
-
-
-
New York
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Essex County New York (1)
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-
Oregon (3)
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Sevier orogenic belt (2)
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South Dakota
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Custer County South Dakota (1)
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Pennington County South Dakota (1)
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-
Southwestern U.S. (1)
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Texas
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Llano County Texas (1)
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Llano Uplift (1)
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Mason County Texas (1)
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-
U. S. Rocky Mountains
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Laramie Mountains (1)
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San Juan Mountains (3)
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Sawatch Range (1)
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Wasatch Range (1)
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Utah
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Henry Mountains (2)
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Salt Lake County Utah (1)
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Virginia (1)
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Walker Lane (1)
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Washington
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Chelan County Washington (2)
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Mount Rainier National Park (1)
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Skagit County Washington (1)
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Western U.S. (2)
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Wyoming Province (2)
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White Mountains (2)
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commodities
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platinum ores (3)
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silver ores (2)
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mineral deposits, genesis (31)
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mineral exploration (9)
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water resources (1)
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elements, isotopes
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carbon
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chemical elements (1)
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chemical ratios (1)
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halogens
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chlorine (8)
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fluorine (6)
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iodine (1)
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incompatible elements (1)
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isotope ratios (67)
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isotopes
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radioactive isotopes
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Al-26 (1)
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Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
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Be-10 (4)
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K-40 (1)
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (8)
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Pb-207/Pb-204 (7)
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Pb-208/Pb-204 (6)
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Pb-210 (1)
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stable isotopes
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Ar-36 (1)
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C-13/C-12 (1)
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Hf-177/Hf-176 (17)
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Mg-26/Mg-24 (1)
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Nd-144/Nd-143 (27)
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O-18/O-16 (24)
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Os-188/Os-187 (1)
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (8)
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Pb-207/Pb-204 (7)
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Pb-207/Pb-206 (1)
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Pb-208/Pb-204 (6)
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Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
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S-34/S-32 (2)
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Sm-147/Nd-144 (1)
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (38)
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Xe-136/Xe-130 (1)
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large-ion lithophile elements (3)
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Lu/Hf (5)
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metals
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actinides
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thorium (2)
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uranium
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U-238 (1)
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alkali metals
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potassium
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K-40 (1)
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rubidium
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Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
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alkaline earth metals
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barium (1)
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beryllium
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Be-10 (4)
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calcium (2)
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magnesium
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Mg-26/Mg-24 (1)
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strontium
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Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (38)
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-
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aluminum
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Al-26 (1)
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antimony (1)
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arsenic (10)
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copper (1)
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germanium (1)
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gold (3)
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hafnium
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Hf-177/Hf-176 (17)
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indium (2)
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iron
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ferric iron (1)
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ferrous iron (2)
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lead
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (8)
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Pb-207/Pb-204 (7)
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Pb-207/Pb-206 (1)
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Pb-208/Pb-204 (6)
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Pb-210 (1)
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manganese (4)
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platinum group
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Os-188/Os-187 (1)
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platinum ores (3)
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rare earths
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cerium (2)
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dysprosium (1)
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europium (1)
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lanthanum (2)
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lutetium (1)
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neodymium
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Nd-144/Nd-143 (27)
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Sm-147/Nd-144 (1)
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samarium
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Sm-147/Nd-144 (1)
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ytterbium (3)
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yttrium (3)
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rhenium (1)
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thallium (1)
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tin (1)
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titanium (4)
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tungsten (1)
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zirconium (2)
-
-
noble gases
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argon
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Ar-36 (1)
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Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
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xenon
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Xe-136/Xe-130 (1)
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oxygen
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O-18/O-16 (24)
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phosphorus (5)
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selenium (1)
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silicon (2)
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tellurium (1)
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fossils
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Invertebrata
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Echinodermata
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Crinozoa
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Echinozoa
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Mollusca
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Cephalopoda
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Ammonoidea (1)
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geochronology methods
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(U-Th)/He (1)
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Ar/Ar (24)
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exposure age (1)
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K/Ar (5)
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Lu/Hf (5)
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Nd/Nd (2)
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optically stimulated luminescence (1)
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paleomagnetism (11)
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Pb/Pb (1)
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Pb/Th (1)
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radiation damage (1)
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Rb/Sr (3)
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thermochronology (9)
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U/Pb (120)
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uranium disequilibrium (2)
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geologic age
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Cenozoic
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Quaternary
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Bishop Tuff (3)
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upper Quaternary (1)
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Tertiary
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Calipuy Group (1)
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lower Miocene (3)
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middle Miocene (2)
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upper Miocene (1)
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Pliocene
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upper Pliocene (1)
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Paleogene
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Eocene
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upper Eocene (1)
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Ghost Rocks Formation (1)
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lower Paleogene (1)
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Oligocene
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Fish Canyon Tuff (3)
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Paleocene (8)
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upper Cenozoic (2)
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Mesozoic
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Cretaceous
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Lower Cretaceous
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Albian (1)
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Middle Cretaceous (10)
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Queen Charlotte Group (1)
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Upper Cretaceous
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Cenomanian (1)
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Kodiak Formation (2)
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Maestrichtian (1)
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Senonian (1)
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Tuolumne Intrusive Suite (29)
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Turonian (1)
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-
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Franciscan Complex (4)
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Great Valley Sequence (7)
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Jurassic
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Coast Range Ophiolite (1)
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Lower Jurassic (4)
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Middle Jurassic
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Callovian (1)
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Upper Jurassic
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Entrada Sandstone (1)
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-
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lower Mesozoic (3)
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McHugh Complex (1)
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Triassic
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Middle Triassic (1)
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Upper Triassic
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Stuhini Group (1)
-
-
-
upper Mesozoic (3)
-
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Paleozoic
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Cambrian
-
Lower Cambrian
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Poleta Formation (1)
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Zabriskie Quartzite (1)
-
-
-
Carboniferous
-
Lower Carboniferous (2)
-
Mississippian
-
Lower Mississippian (3)
-
-
Pennsylvanian (1)
-
-
Devonian
-
Lower Devonian (2)
-
Upper Devonian (3)
-
-
Leinster Granite (1)
-
lower Paleozoic (1)
-
middle Paleozoic (1)
-
Ordovician
-
Eureka Quartzite (1)
-
Meguma Group (1)
-
Middle Ordovician (1)
-
Upper Ordovician (1)
-
-
Permian
-
Lower Permian (1)
-
-
Shoo Fly Complex (1)
-
Silurian
-
Upper Silurian (1)
-
-
upper Paleozoic (1)
-
-
Phanerozoic (3)
-
Precambrian
-
Archean
-
J-M Reef (1)
-
Mesoarchean (2)
-
Neoarchean (3)
-
-
Stillwater Complex (1)
-
Stirling Quartzite (1)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Mesoproterozoic (2)
-
Neoproterozoic
-
Ediacaran (1)
-
-
Paleoproterozoic
-
Rustenburg Layered Suite (1)
-
-
Pretoria Group (1)
-
-
-
Wyman Formation (1)
-
-
Rhenohercynian (2)
-
-
igneous rocks
-
igneous rocks
-
granophyre (2)
-
hypabyssal rocks (1)
-
plutonic rocks
-
anorthosite (2)
-
diabase (1)
-
diorites
-
diorite porphyry (1)
-
plagiogranite (1)
-
quartz diorites (6)
-
tonalite (15)
-
trondhjemite (2)
-
-
gabbros
-
norite (1)
-
-
granites
-
adamellite (1)
-
aplite (3)
-
A-type granites (5)
-
charnockite (1)
-
granite porphyry (4)
-
I-type granites (7)
-
leucogranite (11)
-
microgranite (1)
-
monzogranite (5)
-
rapakivi (2)
-
S-type granites (4)
-
-
granodiorites
-
granodiorite porphyry (1)
-
-
monzodiorite (5)
-
monzonites (4)
-
pegmatite (2)
-
quartz monzonite (3)
-
syenites
-
quartz syenite (1)
-
-
ultramafics
-
chromitite (1)
-
peridotites
-
harzburgite (2)
-
-
pyroxenite
-
clinopyroxenite (1)
-
-
-
-
porphyry (6)
-
volcanic rocks
-
adakites (1)
-
andesites (4)
-
basalts
-
flood basalts (1)
-
mid-ocean ridge basalts (2)
-
ocean-island basalts (1)
-
tholeiite (1)
-
-
dacites (5)
-
komatiite (1)
-
pyroclastics
-
ash-flow tuff (2)
-
ignimbrite (19)
-
pumice (3)
-
tuff (8)
-
-
rhyodacites (2)
-
rhyolites (15)
-
trachytes (2)
-
-
-
ophiolite (5)
-
volcanic ash (1)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
metamorphic rocks
-
amphibolites (4)
-
eclogite (1)
-
gneisses
-
augen gneiss (1)
-
granite gneiss (3)
-
orthogneiss (2)
-
-
granulites (3)
-
hornfels (2)
-
listwanite (1)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
metabasalt (1)
-
metadiabase (1)
-
metagranite (1)
-
serpentinite (3)
-
-
metaplutonic rocks (2)
-
metasedimentary rocks
-
metaconglomerate (1)
-
metapelite (3)
-
-
metasomatic rocks
-
serpentinite (3)
-
skarn (5)
-
-
metavolcanic rocks (12)
-
migmatites (8)
-
mylonites
-
pseudotachylite (1)
-
-
phyllites (1)
-
quartzites (3)
-
schists
-
blueschist (2)
-
-
slates (1)
-
-
ophiolite (5)
-
turbidite (2)
-
-
minerals
-
alloys (1)
-
arsenates (4)
-
arsenides
-
arsenopyrite (5)
-
lollingite (1)
-
-
arsenites (3)
-
carbonates
-
calcite (1)
-
dolomite (1)
-
kutnohorite (1)
-
rhodochrosite (1)
-
siderite (1)
-
-
copper minerals (1)
-
halides
-
chlorides (1)
-
fluorides
-
fluorite (1)
-
topaz (1)
-
-
iodides (1)
-
-
hydrates (1)
-
native elements
-
graphite (1)
-
-
nitrates (1)
-
oxides
-
baddeleyite (2)
-
cassiterite (1)
-
chrome spinel (1)
-
chromite (1)
-
hematite (2)
-
iron oxides (4)
-
maghemite (2)
-
magnetite (1)
-
rutile (1)
-
spinel group (1)
-
-
phosphates
-
apatite (22)
-
fluorapatite (2)
-
merrillite (1)
-
monazite (5)
-
-
silicates
-
chain silicates
-
amphibole group
-
clinoamphibole
-
hornblende (17)
-
-
-
pyroxene group
-
clinopyroxene
-
augite (1)
-
-
orthopyroxene (1)
-
-
-
framework silicates
-
feldspar group
-
alkali feldspar
-
K-feldspar (10)
-
microperthite (1)
-
perthite (1)
-
sanidine (3)
-
-
plagioclase
-
anorthite (2)
-
-
-
silica minerals
-
quartz (11)
-
-
-
orthosilicates
-
nesosilicates
-
garnet group (5)
-
olivine group
-
olivine (1)
-
-
titanite group
-
titanite (9)
-
-
topaz (1)
-
zircon group
-
zircon (116)
-
-
-
sorosilicates
-
epidote group
-
allanite (2)
-
-
-
-
ring silicates
-
tourmaline group (1)
-
-
sheet silicates
-
chlorite group
-
chlorite (1)
-
-
mica group
-
biotite (11)
-
muscovite (4)
-
-
serpentine group
-
serpentine (1)
-
-
-
-
sulfates
-
anhydrite (1)
-
jarosite (1)
-
-
sulfides
-
acanthite (1)
-
arsenopyrite (5)
-
copper sulfides (1)
-
galena (1)
-
mawsonite (1)
-
molybdenite (3)
-
pyrite (8)
-
pyrrhotite (1)
-
sphalerite (1)
-
-
sulfosalts
-
sulfantimonites
-
polybasite (1)
-
tetrahedrite (1)
-
-
sulfarsenates
-
enargite (1)
-
-
sulfarsenites
-
pearceite (1)
-
-
-
tellurides
-
hessite (1)
-
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (131)
-
Africa
-
Central Africa
-
Angola (1)
-
-
North Africa
-
Egypt
-
Eastern Desert (1)
-
-
-
Nubian Shield (1)
-
Southern Africa
-
Barberton greenstone belt (2)
-
Kaapvaal Craton (2)
-
Namibia (1)
-
South Africa
-
Bushveld Complex (2)
-
Cape Province region (1)
-
-
Swaziland (1)
-
-
West Africa
-
Cameroon (1)
-
Chad (1)
-
-
-
Antarctica
-
Queen Maud Land (1)
-
Victoria Land
-
Allan Hills (1)
-
McMurdo dry valleys
-
Wright Valley (1)
-
-
-
-
Asia
-
Arabian Peninsula
-
Arabian Shield (1)
-
-
Far East
-
Borneo
-
East Malaysia
-
Sabah Malaysia (1)
-
-
-
China
-
Da Hinggan Ling (2)
-
Dabie Mountains (1)
-
Guangdong China (1)
-
Heilongjiang China
-
Xiao Hinggan Ling (1)
-
-
Hong Kong (1)
-
Kunlun Mountains (1)
-
Macau (1)
-
North China Platform (3)
-
Qilian Mountains (1)
-
Qinling Mountains (1)
-
Shandong China (1)
-
Sichuan China (1)
-
South China Block (3)
-
Tongbai Mountains (1)
-
Tongling China (1)
-
Xiaoqinling Mountains (1)
-
Xinjiang China
-
Tarim Basin (1)
-
-
Xizang China
-
Gangdese Belt (3)
-
Lhasa Block (1)
-
-
Yangtze River (1)
-
Yangtze River valley (1)
-
-
Japan
-
Honshu
-
Tono Japan (1)
-
-
-
Malaysia
-
East Malaysia
-
Sabah Malaysia (1)
-
-
-
Philippine Islands (1)
-
-
Himalayas (1)
-
Indian Peninsula
-
India
-
Andhra Pradesh India
-
Nellore India (1)
-
Nellore mica belt (1)
-
-
Dharwar Craton (1)
-
Ghats
-
Eastern Ghats (1)
-
-
Jharkhand India
-
Singhbhum India (1)
-
-
Karnataka India (1)
-
-
Jammu and Kashmir
-
Ladakh (1)
-
-
Pakistan (1)
-
-
Karakoram (1)
-
Middle East
-
Iran (4)
-
-
Siberia (1)
-
Siberian Platform (1)
-
Tibetan Plateau (5)
-
Tien Shan (1)
-
-
Atlantic Ocean Islands
-
Canary Islands
-
Fuerteventura (1)
-
-
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
Lachlan fold belt (1)
-
New South Wales Australia (1)
-
Northern Territory Australia (1)
-
Queensland Australia
-
Broken River Province (1)
-
-
South Australia
-
Gawler Craton (1)
-
-
Victoria Australia
-
Bendigo Australia (1)
-
-
Western Australia
-
Yilgarn (1)
-
-
-
New Zealand
-
Southland New Zealand
-
Fiordland (3)
-
-
Westland New Zealand (1)
-
-
-
bacteria (1)
-
bibliography (1)
-
biography (1)
-
Canada
-
Eastern Canada
-
Maritime Provinces
-
Nova Scotia (3)
-
-
Meguma Terrane (1)
-
Ontario (2)
-
Quebec
-
Monteregian Hills (1)
-
-
-
Stikinia Terrane (2)
-
Western Canada
-
Alberta (1)
-
British Columbia (10)
-
Canadian Cordillera (2)
-
Northwest Territories (1)
-
Yukon Territory (3)
-
-
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (1)
-
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Pleistocene
-
Bishop Tuff (3)
-
lower Pleistocene (1)
-
-
upper Quaternary (1)
-
-
Tertiary
-
Calipuy Group (1)
-
Neogene
-
Miocene
-
lower Miocene (3)
-
middle Miocene (2)
-
Peach Springs Tuff (1)
-
upper Miocene (1)
-
-
Pliocene
-
upper Pliocene (1)
-
-
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene
-
upper Eocene (1)
-
-
Ghost Rocks Formation (1)
-
lower Paleogene (1)
-
Oligocene
-
Fish Canyon Tuff (3)
-
-
Paleocene (8)
-
-
-
upper Cenozoic (2)
-
-
continental drift (1)
-
crust (58)
-
crystal chemistry (11)
-
crystal growth (3)
-
crystal structure (4)
-
dams (1)
-
data processing (6)
-
deformation (35)
-
diagenesis (2)
-
earthquakes (3)
-
East Pacific Ocean Islands
-
Hawaii
-
Hawaii County Hawaii
-
Hawaii Island
-
Kilauea (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Europe
-
Alps
-
Central Alps
-
Rhaetian Alps
-
Adamello Massif (1)
-
-
-
Piedmont Alps
-
Dora Maira Massif (1)
-
-
Western Alps
-
Cottian Alps
-
Dora Maira Massif (1)
-
-
-
-
Armenia (1)
-
Azerbaijan
-
Nakhichevan Azerbaijan (1)
-
-
Bergell Massif (1)
-
Central Europe
-
Bohemian Massif (1)
-
Switzerland (1)
-
-
Pyrenees (2)
-
Southern Europe
-
Iberian Peninsula
-
Central Iberian Zone (1)
-
Spain
-
Asturias Spain (1)
-
Iberian Mountains (1)
-
Los Pedroches Batholith (1)
-
-
Spanish Central System (1)
-
-
Italy
-
Apennines
-
Northern Apennines (1)
-
-
Calabria Italy (1)
-
Campania Italy
-
Phlegraean Fields (1)
-
-
Ivrea-Verbano Zone (1)
-
Latium Italy
-
Alban Hills (1)
-
-
Liguria Italy (1)
-
Lombardy Italy
-
Adamello Massif (1)
-
-
Piemonte Italy
-
Dora Maira Massif (1)
-
-
Sicily Italy
-
Lipari Islands
-
Lipari Island (1)
-
-
-
Tuscany Italy
-
Larderello (1)
-
Monte Capanne (1)
-
-
-
-
Variscides (2)
-
Western Europe
-
Cottian Alps
-
Dora Maira Massif (1)
-
-
France
-
Morbihan France (1)
-
Pyrenees-Orientales France (1)
-
Vosges Mountains (1)
-
-
Iceland (1)
-
Ireland
-
Galway Ireland
-
Connemara (1)
-
-
-
Scandinavia
-
Finland (1)
-
Norway (4)
-
Western Gneiss region (1)
-
-
United Kingdom
-
Great Britain
-
England
-
Cornubian Batholith (2)
-
Cornwall England (1)
-
Cumbria England (1)
-
-
Scotland (1)
-
-
Northern Ireland (1)
-
-
-
-
faults (41)
-
folds (10)
-
foliation (18)
-
fractures (5)
-
geochemistry (64)
-
geochronology (11)
-
geodesy (1)
-
geology (1)
-
geomorphology (3)
-
geophysical methods (8)
-
geosynclines (1)
-
geothermal energy (1)
-
ground water (3)
-
heat flow (3)
-
igneous rocks
-
granophyre (2)
-
hypabyssal rocks (1)
-
plutonic rocks
-
anorthosite (2)
-
diabase (1)
-
diorites
-
diorite porphyry (1)
-
plagiogranite (1)
-
quartz diorites (6)
-
tonalite (15)
-
trondhjemite (2)
-
-
gabbros
-
norite (1)
-
-
granites
-
adamellite (1)
-
aplite (3)
-
A-type granites (5)
-
charnockite (1)
-
granite porphyry (4)
-
I-type granites (7)
-
leucogranite (11)
-
microgranite (1)
-
monzogranite (5)
-
rapakivi (2)
-
S-type granites (4)
-
-
granodiorites
-
granodiorite porphyry (1)
-
-
monzodiorite (5)
-
monzonites (4)
-
pegmatite (2)
-
quartz monzonite (3)
-
syenites
-
quartz syenite (1)
-
-
ultramafics
-
chromitite (1)
-
peridotites
-
harzburgite (2)
-
-
pyroxenite
-
clinopyroxenite (1)
-
-
-
-
porphyry (6)
-
volcanic rocks
-
adakites (1)
-
andesites (4)
-
basalts
-
flood basalts (1)
-
mid-ocean ridge basalts (2)
-
ocean-island basalts (1)
-
tholeiite (1)
-
-
dacites (5)
-
komatiite (1)
-
pyroclastics
-
ash-flow tuff (2)
-
ignimbrite (19)
-
pumice (3)
-
tuff (8)
-
-
rhyodacites (2)
-
rhyolites (15)
-
trachytes (2)
-
-
-
inclusions
-
fluid inclusions (3)
-
-
intrusions (202)
-
Invertebrata
-
Echinodermata
-
Crinozoa
-
Crinoidea (1)
-
-
Echinozoa
-
Echinoidea (1)
-
-
-
Mollusca
-
Bivalvia (1)
-
Cephalopoda
-
Ammonoidea (1)
-
-
-
-
isostasy (1)
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
Al-26 (1)
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
-
Be-10 (4)
-
K-40 (1)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (8)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (7)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (6)
-
Pb-210 (1)
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (1)
-
U-238 (1)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
Ar-36 (1)
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
-
C-13/C-12 (1)
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (17)
-
Mg-26/Mg-24 (1)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (27)
-
O-18/O-16 (24)
-
Os-188/Os-187 (1)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (8)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (7)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (6)
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
S-34/S-32 (2)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (1)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (38)
-
Xe-136/Xe-130 (1)
-
-
-
lava (6)
-
lineation (5)
-
magmas (162)
-
Malay Archipelago
-
Borneo
-
East Malaysia
-
Sabah Malaysia (1)
-
-
-
-
mantle (21)
-
maps (3)
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Lower Cretaceous
-
Albian (1)
-
Berriasian (1)
-
-
Middle Cretaceous (10)
-
Queen Charlotte Group (1)
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Cenomanian (1)
-
Kodiak Formation (2)
-
Maestrichtian (1)
-
Senonian (1)
-
Tuolumne Intrusive Suite (29)
-
Turonian (1)
-
-
-
Franciscan Complex (4)
-
Great Valley Sequence (7)
-
Jurassic
-
Coast Range Ophiolite (1)
-
Lower Jurassic (4)
-
Middle Jurassic
-
Callovian (1)
-
-
Upper Jurassic
-
Entrada Sandstone (1)
-
-
-
lower Mesozoic (3)
-
McHugh Complex (1)
-
Triassic
-
Middle Triassic (1)
-
Upper Triassic
-
Stuhini Group (1)
-
-
-
upper Mesozoic (3)
-
-
metal ores
-
arsenic ores (2)
-
base metals (1)
-
beryllium ores (1)
-
copper ores (26)
-
gold ores (23)
-
IOCG deposits (1)
-
iron ores (2)
-
lead ores (1)
-
lead-zinc deposits (1)
-
molybdenum ores (15)
-
nickel ores (1)
-
platinum ores (3)
-
polymetallic ores (2)
-
silver ores (2)
-
tungsten ores (3)
-
zinc ores (1)
-
-
metals
-
actinides
-
thorium (2)
-
uranium
-
U-238 (1)
-
-
-
alkali metals
-
potassium
-
K-40 (1)
-
-
rubidium
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
-
-
alkaline earth metals
-
barium (1)
-
beryllium
-
Be-10 (4)
-
-
calcium (2)
-
magnesium
-
Mg-26/Mg-24 (1)
-
-
strontium
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (38)
-
-
-
aluminum
-
Al-26 (1)
-
-
antimony (1)
-
arsenic (10)
-
copper (1)
-
germanium (1)
-
gold (3)
-
hafnium
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (17)
-
-
indium (2)
-
iron
-
ferric iron (1)
-
ferrous iron (2)
-
-
lead
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (8)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (7)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (6)
-
Pb-210 (1)
-
-
manganese (4)
-
mercury (1)
-
niobium (1)
-
platinum group
-
osmium
-
Os-188/Os-187 (1)
-
-
platinum ores (3)
-
-
rare earths
-
cerium (2)
-
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GeoRef Categories
Era and Period
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Tuolumne Suite
New models for fracture development in magmatic systems, Tuolumne Intrusive Suite, California, USA Available to Purchase
ABSTRACT The Late Cretaceous Tuolumne Intrusive Suite in the Sierra Nevada batholith (California, USA) has been well studied for magmatic processes. The superb alpine exposures also allow one to investigate the development of magmatic fractures in these systems. Utilizing a cognitive framework of mental models, this field trip highlights and explores three fracture types that are rarely described in the literature and appear limited to magmatic systems. The first type is tabular fracture clusters (TFCs), which are a series of closely (sub-cm) spaced, sub-parallel fractures. Most TFCs in the Tuolumne Intrusive Suite strike ~020, but in some locations there is an orthogonal set that strikes ~110. Both sets have a sub-vertical dip. The second fracture type is magma-healed fractures. These fractures offset igneous features (e.g., layering), but there is no extant fault with grain-size reduction or evidence of cataclasis. Our interpretation is that these features formed while the system contained melt, and that the melt healed any brittle deformation features that may have formed. The third fracture type is primary en echelon P-fractures, recognized by the formation of epidote-filled, pull-apart zones. There are both right-lateral and left-lateral P-fracture arrays, which are spatially associated with the right-lateral Cascade Lake shear zone (part of the Sierra Crest shear zone system). These three types of fracture systems do not fit into any preexisting fault/fracture categories. These observations suggest that disciplinary categories (e.g., fault systems) may need to be expanded to form more categories (splitting). This category reorganization may be facilitated by taking a perspective that addresses both the Earth processes and mental processes that reason about them. During this two-day field trip, we will visit the tabular fracture clusters and healed magmatic fractures in Yosemite National Park, and the P-fracture arrays in the Saddlebag Lake area.
Day 3: Sentinel Granodiorite, Yosemite Creek Granodiorite, and Yosemite Valley Intrusive Suite: Western host units of the Tuolumne Intrusive Complex Available to Purchase
Abstract Much of today will be spent in the plutons that are the principal host rocks of the western margin of the Tuolumne Intrusive Complex ( Fig. 3-1 ). These include the Sentinel and Yosemite Creek granodiorites (Kistler, 1973; Bateman, 1992) and the Yosemite Valley Intrusive Suite ( Bateman, 1992 ). The Sentinel and Yosemite Creek Granodiorites were tentatively included as part of the Tuolumne by Kistler and Fleck (1994) and Bateman (1992), but assignment of these plutons to the Tuolumne has been hampered by lack of detailed study. We and our students and colleagues have been mapping and conducting focused studies on the petrology, geochemistry, and structure of both plutons recently, but the results are presently only in theses and abstracts (Petsche, 2008; Fulmer and Kruijer, 2009; Bliekendaal, 2012; van der Linde, 2012; Johnson, 2013). Reasonably accessible exposures of these units can be seen along Highway 120 within Yosemite National Park
Long-term geochemical variability of the Late Cretaceous Tuolumne Intrusive Suite, central Sierra Nevada, California Available to Purchase
Abstract This study investigates the internal anatomy and petrogenesis of the Tuolumne Intrusive Suite (TIS), which comprises metaluminous, high-potassium, calc-alkaline granitoids typical of the Sierra Nevada batholith. Although the TIS has often been cited as an example of a large magma chamber that cooled and fractionated from the margins inward, its geochemistry is inconsistent with closed-system fractionation. Most major elements are highly correlated with SiO 2 , but the scattered nature of trace elements and variations of initial Sr and Nd isotopic ratios indicate that fractional crystallization is not the predominant process responsible for its chemical evolution. Isotopic data suggest mixing between melts of mantle-like rocks and a granitic melt similar in composition to the highest-silica TIS unit. Monte Carlo models of magma mixing confirm that such processes can reproduce the observed variations in major elements, trace elements and isotopic ratios. Thermobarometry suggests emplacement at depths near 6 km and crystallization temperatures ranging from 660 to 750 °C. Feldspars, hornblende, biotite and magnetite exhibit evidence of extensive low-temperature subsolidus exsolution. The TIS as a whole trends toward more evolved isotopic compositions and younger U–Pb zircon ages passing inward. This pattern indicates a general increase in the proportion of felsic, crustally derived melt in the mixing process, which may have resulted from net accumulation of heat added to the lower crust by intrusion of mantle-derived mafic magma. However, the bulk geochemical and isotopic compositions of the equigranular Half Dome Granodiorite, the porphyritic Half Dome Granodiorite and the Cathedral Peak Granodiorite overlap one another and the contacts between them are commonly gradational. We interpret these map units to represent a single petrological continuum rather than distinct intrusive phases. The textural differences that define the units probably reflect thermal evolution of the system rather than distinct intrusive events.
Fast strain rates during pluton emplacement: Magmatically folded leucocratic dikes in aureoles of the Mount Stuart Batholith, Washington, and the Tuolumne Intrusive Suite, California Available to Purchase
Rethinking the emplacement and evolution of zoned plutons: Geochronologic evidence for incremental assembly of the Tuolumne Intrusive Suite, California Available to Purchase
Summary figure of the nested Tuolumne intrusive suite and the Mono Pass int... Open Access
Geologic map of the Tuolumne Intrusive Suite in Yosemite National Park, Cal... Available to Purchase
Granitic rocks of the Tuolumne Intrusive Suite, Yosemite National Park (Cal... Available to Purchase
Zircon U–Pb age data from the Tuolumne Intrusive Suite (TIS) reveal nuances... Available to Purchase
Plutonic and detrital zircon signature of the Tuolumne Intrusive Suite. The... Available to Purchase
Simplified geology of the Tuolumne Intrusive Suite after Bateman (1992) . ... Open Access
Classification of Peninsular Ranges batholith (PRB) gabbro samples accordin... Available to Purchase
Figure 2. Geologic map of the Tuolumne Intrusive Suite. (A) Location map. T... Available to Purchase
Figure 1. Simplified geology of Tuolumne Intrusive Suite after Bateman (19... Available to Purchase
Sr and Nd isotope systematics for Sahwave and Tuolumne intrusive suites (Tu... Open Access
Logarithmic plot showing major-element concentrations as a function of frac... Open Access
Diagrams showing variation of FeO*, K 2 O, Na 2 O, Rb, Sr, and Y as functio... Open Access
Two phases of Cretaceous dextral shearing recorded in the plutonic rocks of NW Nevada (USA): A tectonic link between intra-arc shearing in the Sierra Nevada and Idaho batholiths Open Access
Mid-ocean-ridge-basalt (MORB)–normalized spider diagram showing abundance o... Open Access
Day 4: Magmatic evolution of the Tuolumne Intrusive Complex Available to Purchase
Abstract Day 4 of the Field Forum is dedicated entirely to the magmatic evolution of the Tuolumne Intrusive Complex. The Tuolumne Intrusive Complex is mostly located in Yosemite National Park and is superbly exposed due to a series of glaciations that started 2–3 million years ago and ended ca. 10,000 yr B.P. one of the many reasons why it has become one of the most studied intrusions in the world. We will be driving from Mammoth Lakes to Yosemite National Park taking Hwy 395 north and then Hwy 120 west crossing the entire Tuolumne Intrusive Complex before we start off at its western margin. On this side, the Tuolumne Intrusive Complex intruded into the rocks of the Yosemite Valley Intrusive Suite, Sentinel, and Yosemite Creek granitoids (Day 3). Today we will make stops along Hwy 120 while traversing the Tuolumne Intrusive Complex from west to east ( Fig. 4-1) looking at exposures near the road and discussing field data, structural geology, geochronology, and geochemistry from the Tuolumne Intrusive Complex…