Abstract Three seismic reflection profiles across three intra-Carpathian basins in Czechoslovakia, the Vienna basin, the Danube basin, and the Transcarpathian depression, suggest that each basin exhibits a different evolutional history. In the Vienna basin, seismic reflection lines 284 and 630 confirm that the Vienna basin is probably a pull-apart feature resulting from thin-skinned tectonics and extension within allochthonous thrust sheets of the Car-pathians. Two fault systems in the northern Vienna basin, the Schrattenberg fault system and the Steinberg fault, were probably the sites of Badenian, and possibly also younger, left-slip. The whole Carpathian thrust complex probably has the same thickness (about 10-12 km) beneath the central part of the Vienna basin as beneath other parts of the Carpathian flysch belt along strike with the Vienna basin.

Abstract The results of geological and lithological–geochemical investigations of the Devonian, Permian, Jurassic and Miocene evaporite deposits of Ukraine are presented in review. The main regions of evaporite distribution are the Dnipro–Donets depression, Carpathian (Forecarpathians, Transcarpathians) and Foredobrogean regions. The data on tectonics and stratigraphy are presented and information on lithology, the mineralogical and geochemical study of gypsum, anhydrite, rock and potash salts are summarized. The rich mineral composition of the Miocene evaporites in the Carpathian Foredeep (more than 20 salt minerals) is demonstrated, and the unique superimposed hydrothermal mineralization in the rock salt of salt domes from the Dnipro–Donets depression is presented (containing about 40 high- and mid-temperature hydrothermal minerals). In particular, the results of brine inclusion studies in evaporite minerals suggest that seawater was the main source of most of the salts. The brines in both the Miocene and Permian evaporite basins are classified as the Na–K–Mg–Cl–SO 4 (SO 4 -rich) chemical type and the Jurassic and Devonian belong to the Na–K–Mg–Ca–Cl (Ca-rich) type. Temperature of solutions during halite precipitation shifted from 25 to 43 °C, while during the stage of potash salt sedimentation it apparently increased to 40–83 °C.