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![—Tracings of photomosaics of outcrops in the Tonganoxie Sandstone Member. (a) Conglomeratic assemblage. The base of this outcrop is less than 1 m above the base of the paleovalley. (b) Trough cross-bedded assemblage. (c) Planar cross-bedded assemblage with mud drapes on foreset surfaces. East and west directions of (c) have been transposed for consistency of orientation.]()
![—Sections of Tonganoxie Sandstone Member within the trunk paleovalley from cores. See Figure 3 for locations of cores 1-3. See Figure 1 for location of Buildex quarry core. tse = transgressive surface of erosion, lse = lowstand surface of erosion.]()
![—Map of Tonganoxie paleovalley and Stalnaker sandstone. Also shown are the study area, Buildex quarry, and county outlines. The stratigraphic relationship between the Tonganoxie Sandstone Member and Stalnaker sandstone is not currently resolved. Distribution of the Stalnaker sandstone is based on Winchell (1957). Extent of Tonganoxie paleovalley based on Lins (1950), Sanders (1959), Griffith (1981), and this study. Do = Douglas County, Gr = Greenwood County, Je = Jefferson County, Le = Leavenworth County, Pl = Platte County, Wy = Wyandotte County.]()
![—Isopach map (contours in meters) of the basal sandstone of the Tonganoxie Sandstone Member.]()
![—Photographs of the basal boundary of the Tonganoxie sequence. (a) Outcrop in an interfluvial area. Basal sequence boundary is at the base of the exposed section, and the grassy slope covers the Iatan Limestone. The lower arrow points to a coal, possibly the Upper Sibley Coal, and the upper arrow points to the Haskell Limestone, which is generally thin in interfluvial areas. Units on the scale are 15 cm. (b) Basal sequence boundary near the middle of the trunk paleovalley. The top of the hammer rests on the boundary between the Stoner Limestone Member of the Stanton Limestone below and conglomeratic facies of the Tonganoxie Sandstone Member of the Stranger Formation above. The hammer is 28 cm. (c) Outcrop at the Buildex quarry at the edge of the trunk paleovalley. The arrow (left side of the photograph) points to the basal sequence boundary. The Ottawa Coal above the boundary is rooted in the Weston Shale below the boundary. Note the slight discordance between the Weston Shale and the Ottawa Coal.]()
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![—Isopach map (contours in meters) of the interval from the base of the Eudora Shale to the base of the Tonganoxie Sandstone Member showing locations of data points used to construct the map. The long line in Leavenworth County is the path of the trunk valley cross section in Figure 4. Short line (arrow) is the path of the tributary cross section in Figure 9.]()
![Convolute structures in Pennsylvanian Virgilian clastic units in eastern Kansas. (A) Bachelor Creek Member of Howard Formation (Wabaunsee Group) on old US 166 (sec. 3, T34S, R9E, Chautauqua County); (B) Ireland Sandstone (Douglas Group) just southeast of Chautauqua (NW sec. 12, T35S, R11E, Chautauqua County); (C) Ireland Sandstone (Douglas Group) just west of Elgin (SW SE sec. 7, T35S, R12E, Chautauqua County); (D) Tonganoxie Sandstone (Douglas Group) northwest of Elk City (SW NW sec. 19, T31S, R14E, Montgomery County). Hammer for scale.]()
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Tonganoxie Member
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Image
—Tracings of photomosaics of outcrops in the Tonganoxie Sandstone Member. (... Available to Purchase
in Stratigraphic Architecture of the Tonganoxie Paleovalley Fill (Lower Virgilian) in Northeastern Kansas
> AAPG Bulletin
Published: 01 July 1995
Figure 11 —Tracings of photomosaics of outcrops in the Tonganoxie Sandstone Member. (a) Conglomeratic assemblage. The base of this outcrop is less than 1 m above the base of the paleovalley. (b) Trough cross-bedded assemblage. (c) Planar cross-bedded assemblage with mud drapes on foreset surfaces
Image
—Sections of Tonganoxie Sandstone Member within the trunk paleovalley from ... Available to Purchase
in Stratigraphic Architecture of the Tonganoxie Paleovalley Fill (Lower Virgilian) in Northeastern Kansas
> AAPG Bulletin
Published: 01 July 1995
Figure 5 —Sections of Tonganoxie Sandstone Member within the trunk paleovalley from cores. See Figure 3 for locations of cores 1-3. See Figure 1 for location of Buildex quarry core. tse = transgressive surface of erosion, lse = lowstand surface of erosion.
Image
—Map of Tonganoxie paleovalley and Stalnaker sandstone. Also shown are the ... Available to Purchase
in Stratigraphic Architecture of the Tonganoxie Paleovalley Fill (Lower Virgilian) in Northeastern Kansas
> AAPG Bulletin
Published: 01 July 1995
Figure 1 —Map of Tonganoxie paleovalley and Stalnaker sandstone. Also shown are the study area, Buildex quarry, and county outlines. The stratigraphic relationship between the Tonganoxie Sandstone Member and Stalnaker sandstone is not currently resolved. Distribution of the Stalnaker sandstone
Journal Article
Tidal sedimentation from a fluvial to estuarine transition, Douglas Group, Missourian-Virgilian, Kansas Available to Purchase
Journal: Journal of Sedimentary Research
Publisher: SEPM Society for Sedimentary Geology
Published: 01 September 1993
Journal of Sedimentary Research (1993) 63 (5): 860–873.
...William P. Lanier; Howard R. Feldman; Allen W. Archer Abstract The Tonganoxie Sandstone Member of the Stranger Formation (Douglas Group, Upper Pennsylvanian, Kansas) was deposited in a funnel-shaped, northeast-southwest-trending paleovalley that was incised during the uppermost Missourian sealevel...
Image
—Isopach map (contours in meters) of the basal sandstone of the Tonganoxie ... Available to Purchase
in Stratigraphic Architecture of the Tonganoxie Paleovalley Fill (Lower Virgilian) in Northeastern Kansas
> AAPG Bulletin
Published: 01 July 1995
Figure 7 —Isopach map (contours in meters) of the basal sandstone of the Tonganoxie Sandstone Member.
Image
—Photographs of the basal boundary of the Tonganoxie sequence. (a) Outcrop ... Available to Purchase
in Stratigraphic Architecture of the Tonganoxie Paleovalley Fill (Lower Virgilian) in Northeastern Kansas
> AAPG Bulletin
Published: 01 July 1995
and conglomeratic facies of the Tonganoxie Sandstone Member of the Stranger Formation above. The hammer is 28 cm. (c) Outcrop at the Buildex quarry at the edge of the trunk paleovalley. The arrow (left side of the photograph) points to the basal sequence boundary. The Ottawa Coal above the boundary is rooted
Journal Article
Stratigraphic Architecture of the Tonganoxie Paleovalley Fill (Lower Virgilian) in Northeastern Kansas Available to Purchase
Journal: AAPG Bulletin
Publisher: American Association of Petroleum Geologists
Published: 01 July 1995
AAPG Bulletin (1995) 79 (7): 1019–1042.
...Figure 11 —Tracings of photomosaics of outcrops in the Tonganoxie Sandstone Member. (a) Conglomeratic assemblage. The base of this outcrop is less than 1 m above the base of the paleovalley. (b) Trough cross-bedded assemblage. (c) Planar cross-bedded assemblage with mud drapes on foreset surfaces...
FIGURES
Image
—Isopach map (contours in meters) of the interval from the base of the Eudo... Available to Purchase
in Stratigraphic Architecture of the Tonganoxie Paleovalley Fill (Lower Virgilian) in Northeastern Kansas
> AAPG Bulletin
Published: 01 July 1995
Figure 3 —Isopach map (contours in meters) of the interval from the base of the Eudora Shale to the base of the Tonganoxie Sandstone Member showing locations of data points used to construct the map. The long line in Leavenworth County is the path of the trunk valley cross section in Figure 4
Journal Article
Ichnology of an Upper Carboniferous fluvio-estuarine paleovalley; the Tonganoxie Sandstone, Buildex Quarry, eastern Kansas, USA Free
Journal: Journal of Paleontology
Publisher: Paleontological Society
Published: 01 January 1998
Journal of Paleontology (1998) 72 (1): 152–180.
...Luis A. Buatois; M. Gabriela Mangano; Christopher G. Maples; William P. Lanier Abstract Tidal rhythmites of the Tonganoxie Sandstone Member (Stranger Formation, Douglas Group) at Buildex Quarry, eastern Kansas, contain a relatively diverse ichnofauna. The assemblage includes arthropod locomotion...
Journal Article
The paradox of nonmarine ichnofaunas in tidal rhythmites; integrating sedimentologic and ichnologic data from the Late Cretaceous of eastern Kansas, USA Available to Purchase
Journal: PALAIOS
Publisher: SEPM Society for Sedimentary Geology
Published: 01 October 1997
PALAIOS (1997) 12 (5): 467–481.
... or nonmarine. The Virgilian (Stephanian) Tonganoxie Sandstone Member (Stranger Formation) at Buildex Quarry (eastern Kansas) consists, for the most part, of planar-laminated coarse grained siltstones deposited on an upper tidal flat, close to or at the fluvial-estuarine transition of a macrotidal estuarine...
Image
Convolute structures in Pennsylvanian Virgilian clastic units in eastern Ka... Available to Purchase
in Origin and development of plains-type folds in the mid-continent (United States) during the late Paleozoic
> AAPG Bulletin
Published: 01 January 2005
Figure 11 Convolute structures in Pennsylvanian Virgilian clastic units in eastern Kansas. (A) Bachelor Creek Member of Howard Formation (Wabaunsee Group) on old US 166 (sec. 3, T34S, R9E, Chautauqua County); (B) Ireland Sandstone (Douglas Group) just southeast of Chautauqua (NW sec. 12, T35S
Journal Article
Impact of Longer-Term Modest Climate Shifts on Architecture of High-Frequency Sequences (Cyclothems), Pennsylvanian of Midcontinent U.S.A. Available to Purchase
Journal: Journal of Sedimentary Research
Publisher: SEPM Society for Sedimentary Geology
Published: 01 May 2005
Journal of Sedimentary Research (2005) 75 (3): 350–368.
... of sequences. Figure 4 Locations of incised valleys and paleosols (black dots with letters) discussed in text, along with outcrop belt of Douglas Group (shaded), and large Tonganoxie incised valley (horizontally lined). Latter is based on exposures of Douglas Group outcrop belt in northeastern Kansas...
FIGURES
Journal Article
Subsurface Cross Sections from Marion County Kansas, to Osage County, Oklahoma Available to Purchase
Journal: AAPG Bulletin
Publisher: American Association of Petroleum Geologists
Published: 01 February 1949
AAPG Bulletin (1949) 33 (2): 131–152.
..., Pennsylvanian, Mississippian, Silurian-Devonian, and Ordovician systems. The geologic section studied extends downward from the Herington limestone which is the uppermost member of the Permian Wolfcampian series. Although particular attention is given in this study to rocks in the Pennsylvanian Virgilian...
FIGURES
Journal Article
Changes in Kansas Stratigraphic Nomenclature: GEOLOGICAL NOTES Available to Purchase
Journal: AAPG Bulletin
Publisher: American Association of Petroleum Geologists
Published: 01 October 1963
AAPG Bulletin (1963) 47 (10): 1873–1877.
... of the Stranger Formation below and Lawrence Formation above. The Stranger Formation is amended and redefined to include the Weston Shale Member, Iatan Limestone Member, Tonganoxie Sandstone Member, Westphalia Limestone Member, and Vinland Shale Member. The Lawrence Formation is amended and redefined...
FIGURES
Journal Article
Numerical Modeling of Tides in the Late Pennsylvanian Midcontinent Seaway of North America with Implications for Hydrography and Sedimentation Available to Purchase
Journal: Journal of Sedimentary Research
Publisher: SEPM Society for Sedimentary Geology
Published: 01 October 2007
Journal of Sedimentary Research (2007) 77 (10): 843–865.
..., hereafter referred to as the East Kansas Embayment, is the expression of a documented flooded paleovalley containing the Tonganoxie Sandstone of the Douglas Group ( Lanier et al. 1993 ; Archer et al. 1994 ; Feldman et al. 1995 ; Buatois et al. 1997 ). The second embayment is a response to flexural...
FIGURES
Journal Article
Recognition of Tidal-Bore Deposits In the Rock Record: Towards A Facies Model Available to Purchase
Journal: Journal of Sedimentary Research
Publisher: SEPM Society for Sedimentary Geology
Published: 01 February 2015
Journal of Sedimentary Research (2015) 85 (2): 118–123.
... of Wells et al. (2007) for the Pennsylvanian EKE. Although the Wells et al. (2007) model is designed to account for incised-valley fills somewhat lower in the regional upper Pennsylvanian succession (Tonganoxie and Ireland incised-valley fills: Archer et al. 1994 ; Feldman et al. 1995 ), the location...
FIGURES
Journal Article
Behavioural variation in limulids (Xiphosurida) from the Middle Jurassic of the Cleveland Basin, Yorkshire, UK, as deduced from their traces: a review and reappraisal Available to Purchase
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Published: 07 August 2020
Proceedings of the Yorkshire Geological Society (2021) 63 (3): pygs2020-005.
... from the Ravenscar Group Scalby Formation (Long Nab Member) : S. hundalensis 52 mm ( Romano and Whyte 2013 ; Scalby Bay) S . isp. indet. (4 specimens) 60–100 mm ( Romano and Whyte 2013 ; Scalby Bay) S . isp. 45 mm ( Romano and Whyte 2013 ; Scalby Bay) C . isp. indet. (6 specimens...
FIGURES
Journal Article
Trace fossils in coal-bearing sequences Available to Purchase
Journal: Journal of the Geological Society
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Published: 01 April 1988
Journal of the Geological Society (1988) 145 (2): 339–350.
... Bandel, K. 1967a. Trace fossils from two Upper Pennsylvanian sandstones in Kansas. Paleontological Contributions, University of Kansas. Paper 18. Bandel, K. 1967b. Isopod and limulid marks and trails in Tonganoxie Sandstone (Upper Pennsylvanian) of Kansas. Paleontological Contributions...
Journal Article
Sandstones and Channels in Upper Pennsylvanian and Lower Permian in Kansas Available to Purchase
Journal: AAPG Bulletin
Publisher: American Association of Petroleum Geologists
Published: 01 April 1956
AAPG Bulletin (1956) 40 (4): 654–678.
... previously recorded in the literature originated in the Dry, Friedrich, Hawxby, and French Creek shales and the Indian Cave sandstone member of the Towle shale. The Indian Cave sandstone is regarded in the literatue as marking the unconformity between the Pennsylvanian and Permian systems. A study...
FIGURES
Journal Article
Ozark Precambrian-Paleozoic Relations: Discussion of Igneous Rocks Exposed in Eastern Kansas Available to Purchase
Journal: AAPG Bulletin
Publisher: American Association of Petroleum Geologists
Published: 01 May 1966
AAPG Bulletin (1966) 50 (5): 1035–1042.
... of large-scale thrusting. Contact-metamorphic effects at Silver City dome are extensive and varied. Contact-metamorphic rocks form an aureole as wide as 1,000 feet around the surface exposures of the main mass of mica peridotite ( Wagner, 1954 ). The Ireland Sandstone and Tonganoxie Sandstone Members...
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