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Journal Article

Marie Byrd Land, West Antarctica: Evolution of Gondwana's Pacific margin constrained by zircon U-Pb geochronology and feldspar common-Pb isotopic compositions Available to Purchase

Samuel B. Mukasa, Ian W. D. Dalziel
Journal: GSA Bulletin
Published: 01 April 2000
GSA Bulletin (2000) 112 (4): 611–627.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(2000)112<611:MBLWAE>2.0.CO;2
..., as suggested previously on the basis of geophysical models. No continental separation occurred to the east of Marie Byrd Land. The margins of the Thurston Island and Antarctic Peninsula crustal blocks went directly from convergent to inactive, except at the northernmost tip of the peninsula, where the South...
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Book Chapter

Glaciomarine sedimentation dynamics of the Abbot glacial trough of the Amundsen Sea Embayment shelf, West Antarctica Available to Purchase

Author(s)
Katharina Hochmuth, Karsten Gohl
Book: Antarctic Palaeoenvironments and Earth-Surface Processes
Series: Geological Society, London, Special Publications
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Published: 01 January 2013
DOI: 10.1144/SP381.21
EISBN: 9781862396401
..., Cosgrove and Abbot Glacier systems, as well as smaller contributions from local ice streams emanating from Thurston Island. Sherman Island of Peacock Sound played an important role in the dynamics of the Abbot Glacier by dividing the ice flow into two ice streams, which interfered with the main glacial...
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Abstract
View PDF for content titled, Glaciomarine sedimentation dynamics of the Abbot glacial trough of the Amundsen Sea Embayment shelf, West Antarctica
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Abstract Sedimentary sequences of the continental shelf of the eastern Amundsen Sea Embayment in West Antarctica represent records of past outlet glaciers and ice streams. The former flow of ice streams was channelled through glacial troughs, which now form large bathymetric depressions. We therefore selected one of the largest troughs, the Abbot glacial trough in the outer shelf, to analyse its glacial depositional and erosional history, based on horizon-stratigraphy derived from seismic data. Several basement highs channellized the delivery of sediment and controlled the grounded ice sheet in early glacial periods. Both pre-glacial and full glacial seismic facies were identified. Glacially transported and deposited sediments extended the shelf break by 75 km from the pre-glacial shelf-edge. The main Abbot glacial trough contains sediment from confluent ice flows of the Pine Island/Thwaites, Cosgrove and Abbot Glacier systems, as well as smaller contributions from local ice streams emanating from Thurston Island. Sherman Island of Peacock Sound played an important role in the dynamics of the Abbot Glacier by dividing the ice flow into two ice streams, which interfered with the main glacial sediment transport paths from the south. This study contributes to an understanding of the formation of the Amundsen Sea shelf and the extent of past ice sheet advances.

Journal Article

Provenance of Triassic-Cretaceous Sandstones in the Antarctic Peninsula: Implications for Terrane Models During Gondwana Breakup Available to Purchase

Robert C.R. Willan
Published: 01 November 2003
Journal of Sedimentary Research (2003) 73 (6): 1062–1077.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1306/050103731062
...-145 Ma) was derived from a contemporaneous arc, possibly on the Thurston Island block, as the Latady evolved into a back-arc basin. 1 5 2003 10 6 2002 Copyright © 2003, SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology) 2003 Reconstructions of southern Gondwana commonly show about twelve...
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Journal Article

RUBIDIUM-STRONTIUM AGES FROM ANTARCTICA Available to Purchase

CAMPBELL CRADDOCK, P. W CAST, G. N HANSON, HAROLD LINDER
Journal: GSA Bulletin
Published: 01 March 1964
GSA Bulletin (1964) 75 (3): 237–240.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1964)75[237:RAFA]2.0.CO;2
... early Paleozoic metamorphism of that granite. A single determination on biotite from a quartz diorite gneiss on Thurston Island yields a minimum age of 280 m.y. SCHOOL OF EARTH SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA, MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. 10 7 1963 Copyright © 1964, The Geological Society...
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Image
Variation in TDM through time. Granitoids and volcanic rocks of the Antarctic Peninsula, Ellsworth–Whitmore Mountains, and Thurston Island crustal blocks show similar overall trends, reflecting the changing geotectonic environment within West Antarctica through time. Additional data: Ellsworth–Whitmore Mountains granites, Pankhurst et al. (1991); Thurston Island, Pankhurst et al. (1991); Alexander Island, McCarron &amp; Smellie (1998); silicic volcanic rocks, Pankhurst et al. (2000); NW Palmer Land dykes, Scarrow et al. (1998).

Variation in T DM through time. Granitoids and volcanic rocks of the Ant... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 September 2001
Fig. 10 Variation in T DM through time. Granitoids and volcanic rocks of the Antarctic Peninsula, Ellsworth–Whitmore Mountains, and Thurston Island crustal blocks show similar overall trends, reflecting the changing geotectonic environment within West Antarctica through time. Additional data
Image
Location map for Permian and Triassic granitoids in eastern Marie Byrd Land and Thurston Island (I.).

Location map for Permian and Triassic granitoids in eastern Marie Byrd Land... Open Access

Published: 11 March 2019
Figure 9. Location map for Permian and Triassic granitoids in eastern Marie Byrd Land and Thurston Island (I.).
Image
(A) Reconstruction of the West Gondwana margin at ca. 130 Ma (Martin, 2007), showing the location of the Lassiter Coast intrusive suite granitoids. PAT—Patagonia; TI—Thurston Island; MBL—Marie Byrd Land; AP—Antarctic Peninsula; MAD—Madagascar; NZ—New Zealand; FPB—Falkland Plateau Bank; FG—Filchner graben; EWM—Ellsworth-Whitmore Mountains; RVAB—Rocas Verdes–Austral Basin; SJB—San Jorge Basin; FI—Falkland Islands; MB—Malvinas Basin; LCIS—Lassiter Coast intrusive suite. The positions of key magnetic anomalies are shown (e.g., M10). (B) Map of Antarctica, showing the main domains of West Antarctica and the principal locations on Thurston Island and Marie Byrd Land. Gl.—Glacier. (C) Map of southern South America (after Pankhurst et al., 2000), showing the extent of Chon Aike volcanic rocks, the Patagonian batholith, and the Early Jurassic Subcordilleran plutonic belt. Approximate ages of magnetic anomalies: M10 (131 Ma), M19 (140 Ma), M29 (155 Ma).

(A) Reconstruction of the West Gondwana margin at ca. 130 Ma ( Martin, 2007... Available to Purchase

Published: 22 January 2018
Figure 1. (A) Reconstruction of the West Gondwana margin at ca. 130 Ma ( Martin, 2007 ), showing the location of the Lassiter Coast intrusive suite granitoids. PAT—Patagonia; TI—Thurston Island; MBL—Marie Byrd Land; AP—Antarctic Peninsula; MAD—Madagascar; NZ—New Zealand; FPB—Falkland Plateau Bank
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Figure 8. (A) 207Pb/204Pb vs. 206Pb/204Pb and (B) 208Pb/204Pb vs. 206Pb/204Pb variation diagrams for feldspar mineral separates from granitoids of the Marie Byrd Land (MBL) and Thurston Island crustal blocks. The dark symbols are for rocks from western Marie Byrd Land (Ruppert Coast), the gray symbols for central Marie Byrd Land (Kohler Range), open symbols for eastern Marie Byrd Land (Pine Island Bay), and dotted symbol for a single granitoid from the Thurston Island crustal block. Squares—granites, upright triangles—monzonites, inverted triangles—granodiorites, rhombs—diorites, and circles—syenites and quartz syenites. For comparison, several fields have been included: Peruvian granitoids (Mukasa, 1986); Antarctic Peninsula granitoids (Tangeman et al., 1996); Arequipa-Antofalla basement rocks (Tilton and Barreiro, 1980; Tosdal, 1996); Pacific sediments (Reynolds and Dasch, 1971; Dasch, 1981); Nazca plate basalts (Unruh and Tatsumoto, 1976); and Marie Byrd Land Cenozoic lavas (Mukasa, 1995). The Northern Hemisphere reference line (NHRL) is from Hart (1984) and the mantle end members enriched mantle of types 1 and 2 (EM1 and EM2, respectively), depleted mantle material (DMM), and high 238U/204Pb or µ (HIMU) are from Zindler and Hart (1986).

Figure 8. (A) 207 Pb/ 204 Pb vs. 206 Pb/ 204 Pb and (B) 208 Pb/ 204 Pb v... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 April 2000
Figure 8. (A) 207 Pb/ 204 Pb vs. 206 Pb/ 204 Pb and (B) 208 Pb/ 204 Pb vs. 206 Pb/ 204 Pb variation diagrams for feldspar mineral separates from granitoids of the Marie Byrd Land (MBL) and Thurston Island crustal blocks. The dark symbols are for rocks from western Marie Byrd Land (Ruppert Coast
Image
Inferred main sediment transport paths on the shelf (black and white bold arrows), down-slope (white arrows) and along-slope (purple arrows). AI—Abbot ice shelf, MBS—Marie Byrd Seamounts, TI—Thurston Island, AS—Amundsen Sea, BS—Bellingshausen Sea, MMCO—mid-Miocene climatic optimum, MMCT—mid-Miocene climatic transition.

Inferred main sediment transport paths on the shelf (black and white bold a... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 November 2018
Figure 8. Inferred main sediment transport paths on the shelf (black and white bold arrows), down-slope (white arrows) and along-slope (purple arrows). AI—Abbot ice shelf, MBS—Marie Byrd Seamounts, TI—Thurston Island, AS—Amundsen Sea, BS—Bellingshausen Sea, MMCO—mid-Miocene climatic optimum, MMCT
Image
Geological map of the Antarctic Peninsula (after Burton-Johnson and Riley, 2015). AP—Antarctic Peninsula; TI—Thurston Island; MBL—Marie Byrd Land; PLSZ—Palmer Land shear zone; WD—Western Domain; CD—Central Domain; ED—Eastern Domain (Vaughan and Storey, 2000). Core sites in the Amundsen Sea region (see inset) are from Simões Pereira et al. (2018). Maps were generated in QGIS geographic information system software.

Geological map of the Antarctic Peninsula (after Burton-Johnson and Riley,... Available to Purchase

Published: 16 May 2024
Figure 1. Geological map of the Antarctic Peninsula (after Burton-Johnson and Riley, 2015 ). AP—Antarctic Peninsula; TI—Thurston Island; MBL—Marie Byrd Land; PLSZ—Palmer Land shear zone; WD—Western Domain; CD—Central Domain; ED—Eastern Domain ( Vaughan and Storey, 2000 ). Core sites
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Maps for the Amundsen Sea showing sedimentary structures and deposition centers (white transparent areas): (A) unit ASR-I, older than 21 Ma; (B) unit ASR-II, 21–14 Ma; (C) unit ASR-III, 14–4 Ma; (D) unit ASR-IV, 4–0 Ma. AT—Abbot Trough, DGT—Dotson-Getz Trough, MBS—Marie Byrd Seamounts, PITE—Pine Island Trough East, PITW—Pine Island Trough West, TI—Thurston Island. Geomorphologic and seismostratigraphic features follow Table 2.

Maps for the Amundsen Sea showing sedimentary structures and deposition cen... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 November 2018
, PITE—Pine Island Trough East, PITW—Pine Island Trough West, TI—Thurston Island. Geomorphologic and seismostratigraphic features follow Table 2 .
Image
Reconstruction of Gondwana at c. 180 Ma showing the extent of the main granitoid batholiths of the proto-Pacific margin in West Antarctica and South America. TI, Thurston Island; MBL, Marie Byrd Land; AP, Antarctic Peninsula. Batholiths: PCB, Peruvian Coastal Batholith; PFB, Patagonian and Fuegian Batholiths; APB, Antarctic Peninsula Batholith; LCIS, Lassiter Coast Intrusive Suite.

Reconstruction of Gondwana at c. 180 Ma showing the extent of the main gr... Available to Purchase

Published: 03 November 2016
Fig. 1. Reconstruction of Gondwana at c. 180 Ma showing the extent of the main granitoid batholiths of the proto-Pacific margin in West Antarctica and South America. TI, Thurston Island; MBL, Marie Byrd Land; AP, Antarctic Peninsula. Batholiths: PCB, Peruvian Coastal Batholith; PFB, Patagonian
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Reconstruction of part of Gondwana showing the extent of Middle Jurassic large igneous provinces: Ferrar (dominantly mafic), Karoo and its conjugate margin in Dronning Maud Land (dominantly mafic) and Chon Aike (dominantly silicic). Microplate crustal blocks are as follows: FI, Falkland Islands; FM, Filchner microplate; EWM, Ellsworth-Whitmore Mountains; TI, Thurston Island; MBL, Marie Byrd Land; AP, Antarctic Peninsula. The Kirwans Dolerite is the occurrence of Ferrar-type rocks in New Zealand.

Reconstruction of part of Gondwana showing the extent of Middle Jurassic la... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 February 2000
, Falkland Islands; FM, Filchner microplate; EWM, Ellsworth-Whitmore Mountains; TI, Thurston Island; MBL, Marie Byrd Land; AP, Antarctic Peninsula. The Kirwans Dolerite is the occurrence of Ferrar-type rocks in New Zealand.
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Figure 1. Map of the Panthalassan Ocean margin of Gondwana showing paleolatitudes as determined from paleomagnetic data (Powell and Li, 1994). Average paleocurrent directions for Upper Permian–Lower Triassic strata are from Collinson et al. (1994). CFB—Cape fold belt; TI—Thurston Island plate; NZ—New Zealand plate; SVL—southern Victoria Land; NVL—northern Victoria Land.

Figure 1. Map of the Panthalassan Ocean margin of Gondwana showing paleolat... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 May 2006
Figure 1. Map of the Panthalassan Ocean margin of Gondwana showing paleolatitudes as determined from paleomagnetic data ( Powell and Li, 1994 ). Average paleocurrent directions for Upper Permian–Lower Triassic strata are from Collinson et al. (1994) . CFB—Cape fold belt; TI—Thurston Island plate
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Figure 2. Location of Marie Byrd Land crustal block (MA and MR—Amundsen and Ross isotopic provinces of Pankhurst et al., 1998—see text) at present, in relation to other crustal blocks of West Antarctica (AP—Antarctic Peninsula; EWM—Ellsworth-Whitmore Mountains; TI—Thurston Island) and fabric of sea-floor spreading on the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge between Antarctica (NV—North Victoria Land; TAM—Transantarctic Mountains) and the New Zealand microcontinent (CP—Campbell Plateau; CR—Chatham Rise; NI—North Island; SI—South Island). WARS—active West Antarctic rift system.

Figure 2. Location of Marie Byrd Land crustal block (MA and MR—Amundsen and... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 April 2000
Figure 2. Location of Marie Byrd Land crustal block (MA and MR—Amundsen and Ross isotopic provinces of Pankhurst et al., 1998 —see text) at present, in relation to other crustal blocks of West Antarctica (AP—Antarctic Peninsula; EWM—Ellsworth-Whitmore Mountains; TI—Thurston Island) and fabric
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Palaeogeographic and tectonic reconstruction of Permian – Early Jurassic Gondwana according to Veevers (1988), Collinson et al. (1994) and Harrowfield et al. (2005). Position of the Ellsworth Whitmore Block (EWB) according to Grunow, Kent &amp; Dalziel (1991), Grunow (1993), Flowerdew et al. (2012) and Elliot, Fanning &amp; Hulett (2015). AP – Antarctic Peninsula; M – Madagascar; MBL – Marie Byrd Land; S – South America; SL – Sri Lanka; TI – Thurston Island.

Palaeogeographic and tectonic reconstruction of Permian – Early Jurassic Go... Available to Purchase

Published: 12 December 2016
), Flowerdew et al. ( 2012 ) and Elliot, Fanning & Hulett ( 2015 ). AP – Antarctic Peninsula; M – Madagascar; MBL – Marie Byrd Land; S – South America; SL – Sri Lanka; TI – Thurston Island.
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Schematic reconstruction of SW Gondwana showing Permian plate configuration, and early Permian subduction between South America–Patagonia–Antarctica and the South Africa–Ellsworth sector that resulted in a collision and deformation of the Gondwanide fold belt. The consumed Palaeozoic ocean floor was probably formed in the Cambrian, during the continental rifting that is recorded in the Sierra de la Ventana–Ellsworth sector. AP, Antarctic Peninsula; DM, Deseado Massif; EWM, Ellsworth–Whitmore Mountains block; M/FI , Malvinas/Falkland Islands; NPM, North Patagonian Massif; SV, Sierra de la Ventana; TF, Tierra del Fuego; TI, Thurston Island.

Schematic reconstruction of SW Gondwana showing Permian plate configuration... Available to Purchase

Published: 03 May 2017
de la Ventana; TF, Tierra del Fuego; TI, Thurston Island.
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Figure 2. Sketch map diagram modified and simplified from Pankhurst et al. (2000), illustrating the silicic volcanic province of Patagonia and the Antarctic Peninsula in relation to the Jurassic magmatism related to the extensional phase of Gondwana breakup. Base map and interpretations obtained from Pankhurst et al. (2000). Contours of 175 Ma and 160 Ma are drawn from Pankhurst et al. (2000), integrated and modified with ages from Féraud et al. (1999), and two ages from Fildani (2004). Blocks sketched: EWM—Elleworth-Whitemore Mountains; FI—Falkland Islands; TI—Thurston Island. Area of interest (Southern South America). Area of interest (Southern South America in box).

Figure 2. Sketch map diagram modified and simplified from Pankhurst et al.... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 November 2005
from Pankhurst et al. (2000) . Contours of 175 Ma and 160 Ma are drawn from Pankhurst et al. (2000) , integrated and modified with ages from Féraud et al. (1999) , and two ages from Fildani (2004) . Blocks sketched: EWM—Elleworth-Whitemore Mountains; FI—Falkland Islands; TI—Thurston Island. Area
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Bathymetric map of the Amundsen Sea (AS; Arndt et al., 2013). Western Amundsen Sea—west of 115°W, central Amundsen Sea—115°W–105°W, eastern Amundsen Sea—east of 105°W. Red lines show the available seismic profiles, the purple arrow shows the schematic flow of Antarctic Bottomwater (Orsi et al., 1999), and the yellow star shows the location of Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) Leg 35 Site 324 (Shipboard Scientific Party, 1976a). AP—Antarctic Peninsula, AS—Amundsen Sea, AT—Abbot Trough, BS—Bellingshausen Sea, DGT—Dotson-Getz Trough, MBS—Marie Byrd Seamounts, PITE—Pine Island Trough East, PITW—Pine Island Trough West, RS—Ross Sea, TI—Thurston Island, WAIS—West Antarctic Ice Sheet.

Bathymetric map of the Amundsen Sea (AS; Arndt et al., 2013 ). Western Amu... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 November 2018
Trough East, PITW—Pine Island Trough West, RS—Ross Sea, TI—Thurston Island, WAIS—West Antarctic Ice Sheet.
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Late Cretaceous reconstruction of west antarctic Gondwana margin ca. 110 Ma showing early collision of Phoenix/Pacific spreading system with New Zealand. Red dashed line shows trend of incipient West Antarctic Rift. SA—South America; AFR—Africa; IND—India; AUS—Australia; EA—East Antarctica; NZ—New Zealand. Major tectonic blocks comprising West Antarctica are: AP—Antarctic Peninsula; E—Ellsworth Mountains; T—Thurston Island block; MAD—Madagascar; MB—Marie Byrd Land. Modified after Fitzgerald (2002) and Torsvik et al. (2008).

Late Cretaceous reconstruction of west antarctic Gondwana margin ca. 110 Ma... Open Access

Published: 12 October 2018
Antarctica; NZ—New Zealand. Major tectonic blocks comprising West Antarctica are: AP—Antarctic Peninsula; E—Ellsworth Mountains; T—Thurston Island block; MAD—Madagascar; MB—Marie Byrd Land. Modified after Fitzgerald (2002) and Torsvik et al. (2008) .