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Solfatara

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Journal Article

The “breathing” Earth at Solfatara-Pisciarelli, Campi Flegrei, southern Italy (2005–2024): Nature’s attenuation of the effects of bradyseism Available to Purchase

Annamaria Lima, Robert J. Bodnar, Benedetto De Vivo, Frank J. Spera, Harvey E. Belkin
Published: 01 May 2025
American Mineralogist (2025) 110 (5): 820–825.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2024-9516
... times lower, and the seismic release energy is an order of magnitude lower than in 1982–1984 and mainly located in isolated regions below the Solfatara-Pisciarelli area. We interpret the recent earthquake swarms at Solfatara-Pisciarelli as a reflection of the activation of a fault system...
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View PDF for article title, The “breathing” Earth at <span class="search-highlight">Solfatara</span>-Pisciarelli, Campi Flegrei, southern Italy (2005–2024): Nature’s attenuation of the effects of bradyseism
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Journal Article

Paradimorphite, β-As 4 S 3 , a vintage new mineral from Solfatara di Pozzuoli and Vesuvius, Napoli, Italy Available to Purchase

Italo Campostrini, Carlo Castellano, Francesco Demartin, Ivano Rocchetti, Massimo Russo, Pietro Vignola
Published: 12 May 2022
Mineralogical Magazine (2022) 86 (3): 500–506.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1180/mgm.2022.47
...Italo Campostrini; Carlo Castellano; Francesco Demartin; Ivano Rocchetti; Massimo Russo; Pietro Vignola Abstract The new mineral paradimorphite corresponds to the high temperature polymorph of As 4 S 3 , whose existence was supposed by Arcangelo Scacchi in 1850 in the fumaroles at the Solfatara di...
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Journal Article

Ferroefremovite, (NH 4 ) 2 Fe 2+ 2 (SO 4 ) 3 , a new mineral from Solfatara di Pozzuoli, Campania, Italy Available to Purchase

Anatoly V. Kasatkin, Jakub Plášil, Radek Škoda, Italo Campostrini, Nikita V. Chukanov, Atali A. Agakhanov, Vladimir Yu. Karpenko, Dmitriy I. Belakovskiy
Published: 14 December 2020
The Canadian Mineralogist (2021) 59 (1): 59–68.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3749/canmin.1900085
...Anatoly V. Kasatkin; Jakub Plášil; Radek Škoda; Italo Campostrini; Nikita V. Chukanov; Atali A. Agakhanov; Vladimir Yu. Karpenko; Dmitriy I. Belakovskiy ABSTRACT The new sulfate mineral ferroefremovite, ideally (NH 4 ) 2 Fe 2+ 2 (SO 4 ) 3 , was discovered at the “Bocca Grande” fumarole, Solfatara...
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Journal Article

The Italian Solfatara as an analog for Mars fumarolic alteration Available to Purchase

Jessica Flahaut, Janice L. Bishop, Simone Silvestro, Dario Tedesco, Isabelle Daniel, Damien Loizeau
Published: 01 November 2019
American Mineralogist (2019) 104 (11): 1565–1577.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2019-6899
... to the identification of fumaroles and hot spring deposits on Mars, we surveyed their characteristics at the analog site of the Solfatara volcanic crater in central Italy. Several techniques of mineral identification (VNIR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, XRD) were used both in the field and in the laboratory...
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Journal Article

Russoite, NH 4 ClAs 2 3+ O 3 (H 2 O) 0.5 , a new phylloarsenite mineral from Solfatara Di Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy Available to Purchase

Italo Campostrini, Francesco Demartin, Marco Scavini
Published: 01 February 2019
Mineralogical Magazine (2019) 83 (1): 89–94.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2017.081.097
...Italo Campostrini; Francesco Demartin; Marco Scavini Abstract The new mineral russoite (IMA2015-105), NH 4 ClAs 2 3+ O 3 (H 2 O) 0.5 , was found at the Solfatara di Pozzuoli, Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy, as a fumarolic phase associated with alacránite, dimorphite, realgar, mascagnite, salammoniac...
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View PDF for article title, Russoite, NH 4 ClAs 2 3+ O 3 (H 2 O) 0.5 , a new phylloarsenite mineral from <span class="search-highlight">Solfatara</span> Di Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
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Journal Article

Stratigraphy, structure, and volcano-tectonic evolution of Solfatara maar-diatreme (Campi Flegrei, Italy) Available to Purchase

Roberto Isaia, Stefano Vitale, Maria Giulia Di Giuseppe, Enrico Iannuzzi, Francesco D’Assisi Tramparulo, Antonio Troiano
Journal: GSA Bulletin
Published: 01 September 2015
GSA Bulletin (2015) 127 (9-10): 1485–1504.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1130/B31183.1
...Roberto Isaia; Stefano Vitale; Maria Giulia Di Giuseppe; Enrico Iannuzzi; Francesco D’Assisi Tramparulo; Antonio Troiano Abstract This study focuses on the Solfatara volcano within Campi Flegrei, a volcanic field located on the Tyrrhenian coast of southern Italy. Volcanism at the Campi Flegrei...
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(A) Upward-convex fault and related fault bend fractures in pre–Agnano–Monte Spina (AMS) deposits (Solfatara). (B) Approximately orthogonal sets of fractures in recent deposits (Solfatara). (C) Three sets of fractures in pre-AMS deposits (Pisciarelli). (D) Fracture in recent deposits parallel to the NE-SW fumarole lineament bounding the northern edge of Monte Olibano (Solfatara). (E) Minor faults related to a main collapse fault in AMS deposits sealed by Solfatara deposits (Solfatara). (F) Steep normal fault in AMS deposits (Solfatara). (G) Minor normal faults in Astroni deposits (Solfatara). (H) Book-shelf structure in recent deposits (Solfatara).

(A) Upward-convex fault and related fault bend fractures in pre–Agnano–Mont... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 September 2015
Figure 8. (A) Upward-convex fault and related fault bend fractures in pre–Agnano–Monte Spina (AMS) deposits (Solfatara). (B) Approximately orthogonal sets of fractures in recent deposits (Solfatara). (C) Three sets of fractures in pre-AMS deposits (Pisciarelli). (D) Fracture in recent deposits
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Location of the solfatara outcrop along the southern rim of the Kilauea caldera. (a) View of 1982 flow covering Keanakako’i Ash Member with red arrow marking field site (credit: Digital Globe, Google Earth view retrieved 02/02/2007); (b) photo of site taken in 2006 from the rim road across the Kilauea caldera with locations marked for panels d and e; (c) ash bed covered and surrounded by 1974 and 1982 lava flows along the floor of the caldera (photo from 2006; height of light-toned ash exposure ~5 m); (d) L.G. in 2004 with field spectrometer showing altered ash outcrop on right, brownish alteration from the 1974 lava, and the black/gray 1982 flow in the background; and (e) altered, bedded outcrops below the basaltic caprock, and friable altered ash ranging in color from white to yellow to beige (photo from 2006).

Location of the solfatara outcrop along the southern rim of the Kilauea cal... Open Access

Published: 01 November 2024
Figure 2. Location of the solfatara outcrop along the southern rim of the Kilauea caldera. ( a ) View of 1982 flow covering Keanakako’i Ash Member with red arrow marking field site (credit: Digital Globe, Google Earth view retrieved 02/02/2007); ( b ) photo of site taken in 2006 from the rim road
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Mössbauer spectra of solfatara samples compared with minerals. Spectra of the white/light (JB632) and orange (JB633) samples are composed of doublets consistent with primarily Fe3+ and some Fe2+ in minerals. Mineral spectra are presented for saponite (103), nontronite (JB175), ferrihydrite (JB499), and jarosite (132066). The vertical lines mark the doublet observed for ferrihydrite and related poorly crystalline ferric oxide species that are similar to the doublets observed in spectra of both the white/light and orange samples.

Mössbauer spectra of solfatara samples compared with minerals. Spectra of t... Open Access

Published: 01 November 2024
Figure 9. Mössbauer spectra of solfatara samples compared with minerals. Spectra of the white/light (JB632) and orange (JB633) samples are composed of doublets consistent with primarily Fe 3+ and some Fe 2+ in minerals. Mineral spectra are presented for saponite (103), nontronite (JB175
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(A) Distribution map of Solfatara deposits in the Campi Flegrei caldera. (B) Proximal deposits of Solfatara (southeastern rim of the Solfatara crater). (C) Varved lacustrine deposits with carbonized wood (southeastern corner of the Solfatara crater).

(A) Distribution map of Solfatara deposits in the Campi Flegrei caldera. (B... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 September 2015
Figure 6. (A) Distribution map of Solfatara deposits in the Campi Flegrei caldera. (B) Proximal deposits of Solfatara (southeastern rim of the Solfatara crater). (C) Varved lacustrine deposits with carbonized wood (southeastern corner of the Solfatara crater).
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(A) Ring fault of the Agnano–Monte Spina (AMS) caldera sealed by the Solfatara deposits (Pisciarelli). (B) NE-SW normal fault in pre-AMS and AMS deposits sealed by Solfatara deposits (Pisciarelli). (C) Mud pools and fumaroles localized along the northeast continuation of the fault shown in B (Pisciarelli). (D) Secondary ring normal faults and related damage zone (Solfatara). (E) Closer view of ring fault–related damage zone (Solfatara). (F) Collapse breccias and damage zone in the wall rock (Solfatara). (G) Closer view of collapse breccias showing large blocks of wall rock (AMS deposits).

(A) Ring fault of the Agnano–Monte Spina (AMS) caldera sealed by the Solfat... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 September 2015
Figure 7. (A) Ring fault of the Agnano–Monte Spina (AMS) caldera sealed by the Solfatara deposits (Pisciarelli). (B) NE-SW normal fault in pre-AMS and AMS deposits sealed by Solfatara deposits (Pisciarelli). (C) Mud pools and fumaroles localized along the northeast continuation of the fault shown
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Paradimorphite crystals on mascagnite with realgar from Solfatara di Pozzuoli (Field of view 3 mm).

Paradimorphite crystals on mascagnite with realgar from Solfatara di Pozzuo... Available to Purchase

Published: 12 May 2022
Fig. 4. Paradimorphite crystals on mascagnite with realgar from Solfatara di Pozzuoli (Field of view 3 mm).
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Back-scatter electron image of paradimorphite from Solfatara di Pozzuoli (Field of view 120 μm, specimen #EDS-5955).

Back-scatter electron image of paradimorphite from Solfatara di Pozzuoli (F... Available to Purchase

Published: 12 May 2022
Fig. 2. Back-scatter electron image of paradimorphite from Solfatara di Pozzuoli (Field of view 120 μm, specimen #EDS-5955).
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Raman spectra of paradimorphite from Solfatara di Pozzuoli and dimorphite from Vesuvius.

Raman spectra of paradimorphite from Solfatara di Pozzuoli and dimorphite f... Available to Purchase

Published: 12 May 2022
Fig. 6. Raman spectra of paradimorphite from Solfatara di Pozzuoli and dimorphite from Vesuvius.
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Measurement at Campi Flegrei, Italy. (a) Location of the Solfatara crater (yellow box). (b) 3D aerial view with measurement positions of LARSS inside the Solfatara crater and photos from the positions looking toward direction indicated by arrows. BN and BG depict the main vents Bocca Nuova and Bocca Grande. (c) Nadir aerial view showing ray coverage of scans from all three positions. Arrows depict the anticlockwise scanning direction.

Measurement at Campi Flegrei, Italy. (a) Location of the Solfatara crater (... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 March 2018
Figure 4. Measurement at Campi Flegrei, Italy. (a) Location of the Solfatara crater (yellow box). (b) 3D aerial view with measurement positions of LARSS inside the Solfatara crater and photos from the positions looking toward direction indicated by arrows. BN and BG depict the main vents Bocca
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Real data 2D tomography of CO2 concentration at Solfatara. (a) Inverted and interpolated (ordinary kriging) CO2 concentration map superposed onto nadir image of Solfatara for those areas covered by the rays. (b) Map showing places and magnitude of in situ CO2 concentrations measured with a LI-COR CO2 analyzer.

Real data 2D tomography of CO 2 concentration at Solfatara. (a) Inverted a... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 March 2018
Figure 7. Real data 2D tomography of CO 2 concentration at Solfatara. (a) Inverted and interpolated (ordinary kriging) CO 2 concentration map superposed onto nadir image of Solfatara for those areas covered by the rays. (b) Map showing places and magnitude of in situ CO 2 concentrations
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A: Key section where Solfatara and Averno 2 deposits (southern Italy) are interlayered. Length of tool (for scale) is 25 cm. B: Unit 1 (U1): thin yellowish ash laminae intercalated with Solfatara tephra (greenish in color). C: Pisolitic ash layer from unit 3. Note that pisolites have greenish core and yellowish rim. D: Pisolitic ash layer from top of unit 3 (sample SA11). Note that pisolites have yellowish core and greenish rim. E: Detail of unit 4. Locations of C–E are shown in A. Euro coin diameter (for scale) is 23.25 mm.

A: Key section where Solfatara and Averno 2 deposits (southern Italy) are i... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 June 2016
Figure 1. A: Key section where Solfatara and Averno 2 deposits (southern Italy) are interlayered. Length of tool (for scale) is 25 cm. B: Unit 1 (U1): thin yellowish ash laminae intercalated with Solfatara tephra (greenish in color). C: Pisolitic ash layer from unit 3. Note that pisolites have
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Stratigraphic section of Solfatara and Averno 2 deposits (southern Italy) showing plots of K2O versus Na2O (black diamonds are Solfatara samples; squares, circles, crosses, and triangles refer to Averno 2 samples. Same symbols for Averno 2 refer to same stratigraphic unit). Solfatara field is from Cipriani et al. (2008); three variability fields of Averno 2 are from Fourmentraux et al. (2012). Accretion.—accretionary; U—unit.

Stratigraphic section of Solfatara and Averno 2 deposits (southern Italy) s... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 June 2016
Figure 2. Stratigraphic section of Solfatara and Averno 2 deposits (southern Italy) showing plots of K 2 O versus Na 2 O (black diamonds are Solfatara samples; squares, circles, crosses, and triangles refer to Averno 2 samples. Same symbols for Averno 2 refer to same stratigraphic unit
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Geological map of the Solfatara area. S.M. Grazie—Santa Maria delle Grazie.

Geological map of the Solfatara area. S.M. Grazie—Santa Maria delle Grazie.... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 September 2015
Figure 3. Geological map of the Solfatara area. S.M. Grazie—Santa Maria delle Grazie.
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Northeastern corner of the Solfatara volcano. (A) Sharp contact between pipe breccias and Agnano–Monte Spina (AMS) deposits (host rock). (B) Centimeter-sized accretionary lapilli in the injection breccias. (C) Highly deformed host rock along the contact with the breccias. (D) Panoramic view of the Solfatara cryptodome, and paleosol photos. (E) Closer view of the contact between the cryptodome and the pre-AMS deposits, marked by a near-vertical fault and dragged layering. (F) Slightly altered lava of the cryptodome showing elongated sanidine crystals.

Northeastern corner of the Solfatara volcano. (A) Sharp contact between pip... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 September 2015
Figure 5. Northeastern corner of the Solfatara volcano. (A) Sharp contact between pipe breccias and Agnano–Monte Spina (AMS) deposits (host rock). (B) Centimeter-sized accretionary lapilli in the injection breccias. (C) Highly deformed host rock along the contact with the breccias. (D) Panoramic