... Apatite average 79215 0.3296 30.9 32.7 0.8 We conclude that vapor transport is the most plausible mechanism for metasomatism of 79215. Metasomatism by vapor transport has been proposed to account for enrichments in volatile elements in samples like 66095 ( Hunter and Taylor 1981...

... breccias and became more widely recognized in Apollo 16 breccias. The alteration is typically found in association with metal grains, and the best-studied sample is “Rusty Rock” 66095. In a thin section from 66095, the iron metal grains are associated with thin gray margins and brown stains that extend...

... that samples with anomalously high δ 37 Cl WSC values (i.e., FANs, 66095, 10017) are necessarily sourced from a high δ 37 Cl-bearing melt to offset the light isotope enrichment in the vapor phase ( Gargano et al. 2020 ). In total, while the concentrations of S, Zn, and Cl can change during fractional...

... in breccia 67016,294 (d) , and apatite (Ap) veining in Mg-suite dunite 72415 (e) . A bright-field TEM image of alteration volatile-rich alteration features in “rusty rock” 66095, wherein the void space is where akaganèite was lost during sample preparation, (f) . ...

... of these rocks, but, if so, we have no basis for evaluating whether these could be of terrestrial or lunar origin. Chlorine isotope measurements of the so-called “rusty” rock (Apollo sample 66095) suggest a lunar origin for oxidation- and hydration-induced, Cl-bearing minerals observed in Apollo 16 samples...

.... Sample 66095, also referred to as “Rusty Rock”, is a volatile rich lunar sample that contains high Zn concentrations and extremely fractionated Zn isotopes, with a δ 66 Zn value as low as –13.7 ± 0.05‰ ( Day et al. 2017a ). Additionally, several Apollo 16 cataclastic anorthosites and noritic anorthosites...

... et al. (2013) . Tartèse et al. (2013) interpreted the wide range of δD values in the mare basalt apatites as arising by degassing of large proportions (varying by basalt sample) of H 2 from the basalts before and during apatite crystallization. There is also a cluster of analyses at low H and low...

...), and most trace elements (La, Ce, Pm, Nd, Eu). Comparing the chemical composition of the samples with that of different lunar crustal suites like ferroan anorthosites, high-magnesium suites, and high-alkali suites shows that the Miyake-jima anorthites are overlapping or depleted in most minor and trace...

... the intercumulus regions of the sample yielded Cl-isotopic compositions of 28.3 ± 0.9‰ (2σ) and 30.3 ± 1.1‰ (2σ), respectively. The concordance of these values from both textural regimes we analyzed indicates that the Cl-isotopic composition of apatites in 76535 likely represents the Cl-isotopic composition...

... does not (nor ever did) host water as a free fluid. Therefore, the mechanisms for volatile transport and cycling within the Moon are distinct. The most famous sample to show evidence of volatile enrichment is the Apollo 16 breccia “rusty rock” 66095 in which the halogens are heterogeneously...

... meteorite Dhofar 280 ( Anand et al . 2004 ), the latter two minerals being equivalent to naquite ( Shi et al. 2012 ) and linzhiite ( Li et al . 2012 ), respectively. Two potential sources of contamination of lunar samples, particularly those from the regolith, include: (1) natural phases from meteorites...

... is fully consistent with values measured for the non-leachates of a variety of lunar samples and would be reflected in apatites crystallized from a degassing melt. Our results suggest that a range in δ 37 Cl from 0 to >20‰ is expected in lunar apatite, with heavy enrichment being the norm. While 95...

... [FeOOH] and lawrencite [FeCl 2 ] in Apollo 16 ‘rusty rock’ 66095 ( Shearer et al. 2014 ), magnetite [Fe 3 O 4 ] in Apollo 16 sample 60016 ( Joy et al. 2015 ), sub-solidus reduction textures in Apollo 14 sample 14053 ( Taylor et al. 2004 ), exceptionally large apatite crystals in Apollo 17 granulite 79215...

..., in cataclasites with evidence of equilibration at high pressure, and in impact melts and crystalline impact melt breccias. Spinel is abundant in several lunar troctolites (olivine-plagioclase rocks), most notably ( Figs. 1a – 1c ) in Apollo 16 sample 67435 ( Prinz et al. 1973 ), Apollo 15 sample 15295,101...

... meteorite fall event. They have been recovered from both hot- and cold-desert environments, where they have been preserved by relatively low levels of precipitation and terrestrial alteration. The key scientific importance of lunar meteorites is that they, in contrast to the Apollo and Luna samples...

... techniques utilize only the outermost portion of the Moon. Before leaving the Moon for study in our laboratories, all lunar samples that have been studied existed at or very near the surface. With the exception of the deeply probing geophysical techniques, our understanding of the interior of the Moon...