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Rotokawa geothermal system

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Journal Article
Journal: Economic Geology
Published: 01 August 1987
Economic Geology (1987) 82 (5): 1109–1129.
...R. E. Krupp; T. M. Seward Abstract The Rotokawa geothermal system is less than 20,000 yrs old and is situated in a sequence of Pleistocene and Recent volcanic rocks and underlying Mesozoic graywacke basement in the Taupo volcanic zone, a region dominated by extensional tectonics. At lease 12...
Image
Map of southern part of the Rotokawa geothermal system showing resistivity contours: dark gray = <10 Ωm, mid gray =10 Ωm, light gray =10 to 30 Ωm. Drill holes are shown by white circles and are numbered RK-1 to RK-5. X = locations of hydrothermal eruption vents, one of which is centered on Lake Rotokawa (white polygon). Ejecta isopachs (m) and ejecta limit (dashed black line) are shown for largest hydrothermal eruption described at this site (Collar and Browne, 1985).The Waikato River is shown by a thick white line; Parariki stream draining Lake Rotokawa shown by thin white line; roads shown by black lines.
Published: 01 May 2012
Fig. 5 Map of southern part of the Rotokawa geothermal system showing resistivity contours: dark gray = <10 Ωm, mid gray =10 Ωm, light gray =10 to 30 Ωm. Drill holes are shown by white circles and are numbered RK-1 to RK-5. X = locations of hydrothermal eruption vents, one of which is centered
Journal Article
Journal: SEG Discovery
Published: 01 January 2008
SEG Discovery (2008) (72): 1–12.
... Guinea. The wide range of concentrations in the New Zealand systems and the stable isotope signatures at Ladolam confırm that magmas are an important source of high concentrations of gold and silver in hydrothermal solutions. The Rotokawa geothermal system in New Zealand has the highest hydrothermal...
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Series: Special Publications of the Society of Economic Geologists
Published: 01 January 2005
DOI: 10.5382/SP.10.07
EISBN: 9781629490342
... reservoir fluids of the Kawerau, Ohaaki, and Rotokawa geothermal systems principally as Hg° ( aq ) but in concentrations that are uniformly undersaturated with respect to Hg mineral phases. Simulated conductive cooling of these fluids (without gas loss) leads to the precipitation of cinnabar, whereas...
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Journal Article
Journal: GSA Bulletin
Published: 03 April 2023
GSA Bulletin (2024) 136 (1-2): 27–56.
... alteration ( Risk, 2000 ; Sewell et al., 2015 ). Rotokawa is a gas-rich geothermal system ( Giggenbach, 1995 ) with three aquifers: (1) a shallow aquifer dominated by meteoric groundwater between 100 m and 300 m depth; (2) an intermediate aquifer between 300 m and 1000 m depth having a mixture of steam...
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Journal Article
Journal: Economic Geology
Published: 01 May 2016
Economic Geology (2016) 111 (3): 589–618.
..., and Rotokawa. Geothermal power stations and production fields exist at Broadlands-Ohaaki (65 MWe), Kawerau (140 MWe), Mokai (111 MWe), Ngatamariki (82 MWe), Rotokawa (175 MWe), and Wairakei (360 MWe) 1 . The Ngawha geothermal system is entirely hosted in sedimentary rocks of Tertiary to Mesozoic age...
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Journal Article
Journal: Geology
Published: 01 December 2007
Geology (2007) 35 (12): 1099–1102.
... govern the convective heat transfer and flux of metals. Two of the geothermal systems, Rotokawa and Mokai, have the highest hydrothermal fluxes of gold and/or silver known, and can supply enough metal in ∼50,000 yr or less to match the inventories of the largest hydrothermal ore deposits in the world...
FIGURES
Journal Article
Journal: Economic Geology
Published: 01 May 2012
Economic Geology (2012) 107 (3): 427–457.
...Fig. 5 Map of southern part of the Rotokawa geothermal system showing resistivity contours: dark gray = <10 Ωm, mid gray =10 Ωm, light gray =10 to 30 Ωm. Drill holes are shown by white circles and are numbered RK-1 to RK-5. X = locations of hydrothermal eruption vents, one of which is centered...
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Image
Figure 2. Range of trace metal concentrations in deep thermal solutions from Wairakei (western geothermal system) and Rotokawa (eastern geothermal system) compared to the range of trace metal concentrations in volcanic and metasedimentary rocks (gray shaded area labeled “rock”; Table DR4 [see footnote 1]).
Published: 01 December 2007
Figure 2. Range of trace metal concentrations in deep thermal solutions from Wairakei (western geothermal system) and Rotokawa (eastern geothermal system) compared to the range of trace metal concentrations in volcanic and metasedimentary rocks (gray shaded area labeled “rock”; Table DR4 [see
Journal Article
Journal: PALAIOS
Published: 01 October 2000
PALAIOS (2000) 15 (5): 450–475.
... temperature and pH vary widely. Although most common in neutral and alkaline waters, stromatolites also are forming in several acid-sulfate spring and geyser systems in the Waiotapu geothermal area and at Lake Rotokawa. Growth of these stromatolites is partly mediated by a biota that is dominated by fungi...
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Journal Article
Journal: Elements
Published: 01 December 2020
Elements (2020) 16 (6): 407–411.
... , Seward TM ( 1987 ) The Rotokawa geothermal system, New Zealand: an active epithermal gold-depositing environment . Economic Geology 82 : 1109 – 1129 McKibben MA , Williams AE , Hall GEM ( 1990 ) Solubility and transport of platinum-group elements and Au in saline...
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Figure 1. Locations of geothermal systems and andesitic volcanoes in Taupo Volcanic Zone. Eastern geothermal systems with fluid signatures indicating andesitic magmatic intrusions (hexagons) are aligned along a northeast trend, extending the length of the Zone, including Ruapehu and White Island andesite volcanoes. Western geothermal systems with fluid signatures indicating basaltic magmatic intrusions (squares) are restricted to the central rhyolite–dominated part of the Zone. Unsampled geothermal systems (small open circles) are also shown. B—Broadlands-Ohaaki; K—Kawerau; M—Mokai; N—Ngatamariki; R—Rotokawa; W—Wairakei.
Published: 01 December 2007
Figure 1. Locations of geothermal systems and andesitic volcanoes in Taupo Volcanic Zone. Eastern geothermal systems with fluid signatures indicating andesitic magmatic intrusions (hexagons) are aligned along a northeast trend, extending the length of the Zone, including Ruapehu and White Island
Image
Locations of geothermal systems and andesitic volcanoes in the Taupo Volcanic Zone (TVZ) from Simmons and Brown (2007). The eastern geothermal systems with fluid signatures indicating concealed andesitic intrusions (hexagons) are aligned along a northeast trend, extending the length of the TVZ, and including Mount Ruapehu and White Island andesitic volcanoes. The western geothermal systems with fluid signatures indicating concealed basaltic intrusions (squares) are restricted to the central rhyolite-dominated part of the TVZ. Unsampled geothermal systems (small open circles) are also shown. Abbreviations: B = Broadlands-Ohaaki; K = Kawerau; M = Mokai; N = Ngatamariki; R = Rotokawa; W = Wairakei.
Published: 01 January 2008
FIGURE 1. Locations of geothermal systems and andesitic volcanoes in the Taupo Volcanic Zone (TVZ) from Simmons and Brown (2007) . The eastern geothermal systems with fluid signatures indicating concealed andesitic intrusions (hexagons) are aligned along a northeast trend, extending the length
Journal Article
Published: 26 November 2003
Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (2003) 40 (11): 1643–1667.
... siliceous stromatolites . Sedimentology , 48 : 415 – 433 . Krupp R. Seward T.M. 1987 . The Rotokawa geothermal system, New Zealand: An active epithermal gold-depositing environment . Economic Geology , 82 : 1109 – 1129 . Krupp R. Seward T.M. 1990 . Transport...
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Figure 3. Precious metal concentrations of deep thermal solutions versus deep upflow rates (Tables 1 and 2), showing the metal flux rates (tonnes per 1000 yr, t/k.y.) in Taupo Volcanic Zone (TVZ) geothermal systems. B—Broadlands-Ohaaki; K—Kawerau; M—Mokai; N—Ngatamariki; R—Rotokawa; W—Wairakei.
Published: 01 December 2007
Figure 3. Precious metal concentrations of deep thermal solutions versus deep upflow rates ( Tables 1 and 2 ), showing the metal flux rates (tonnes per 1000 yr, t/k.y.) in Taupo Volcanic Zone (TVZ) geothermal systems. B—Broadlands-Ohaaki; K—Kawerau; M—Mokai; N—Ngatamariki; R—Rotokawa; W—Wairakei.
Journal Article
Journal: Clay Minerals
Published: 01 June 2002
Clay Minerals (2002) 37 (2): 299–322.
...K. A. RODGERS; K. L. COOK; P. R. L. BROWNE; K. A. CAMPBELL Abstract Opaline silica residue accumulates on the surface and in the near surface of the Te Kopia, Tikitere and Rotokawa geothermal fields, where rhyolitic tuffs are attacked by steam condensate, made acid (pH 2–3) by sulphuric acid...
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Journal Article
Published: 27 February 2015
Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis (2015) 15 (2-3): 193–204.
... Prospecting Leads to a New Rhyolitic Epithermal Gold Discovery . Proceedings of the 38th annual conference 2006, New Zealand Branch of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy , 191 – 198 . Krupp R.E. Seward T.M. 1987 . The Rotokawa geothermal system, New Zealand . Economic...
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Locations of the high-temperature geothermal systems (white circles) in North Island, New Zealand. Six of the studied systems are in the Taupo Volcanic Zone (TVZ); Broadlands-Ohaaki (Br), Kawerau (Ka), and Rotokawa (Rk) have high gas concentrations, and Mokai (Mk), Ngatamariki (Nm), and Wairakei (Wk) have low gas concentrations (Giggenbach, 1995). The Taupo and Okataina calderas outline the modern rhyolitic volcanic centers (Wilson et al., 1995). Ruapehu, Tongariro, and White Island are andesitic volcanic centers located in the south and north sectors of the Taupo Volcanic Zone, respectively. The Ngawha (Ng) geothermal system has high gas concentrations and is entirely hosted by sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks; it is located 400 km northwest of the Taupo Volcanic Zone (see inset map), in an intraplate volcanic setting where the erupted magma composition is predominantly basaltic (Heming, 1980; Smith et al., 1993).
Published: 01 May 2016
Fig. 1 Locations of the high-temperature geothermal systems (white circles) in North Island, New Zealand. Six of the studied systems are in the Taupo Volcanic Zone (TVZ); Broadlands-Ohaaki (Br), Kawerau (Ka), and Rotokawa (Rk) have high gas concentrations, and Mokai (Mk), Ngatamariki (Nm
Journal Article
Published: 01 February 2004
Mineralogical Magazine (2004) 68 (1): 191–198.
... . New Zealand Journal of Science and Technology , 26 , 47 – 60 . Krupp , R.E. and Seward , T.M. ( 1987 ) Transport and deposition of metals in the Rotokawa geothermal system, New Zealand . Mineralium Deposita , 25 , 73 – 81 . Laznicka , P. ( 1988 ) Breccias and Coarse...
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Comparison between silica precipitation rates at El Tatio (Chilean Altiplano) and those at other geothermal systems, estimated using radiocarbon data (black) and in situ precipitation experiments (gray). Suffixes correspond to intervals between two samples. *—Nicolau et al. (2014); †—Mountain et al. (2003); §—Handley et al. (2005); #—Tobler et al. (2008); **—Konhauser et al. (2001); ††—Braunstein and Lowe (2001). Compass directions correspond to names of samples in Handley et al. (2005). Perp.—perpendicular to water flow; Avrge.—average; Parallel—parallel to water flow; TVZ—Taupo Volcanic Zone; C—Champagne Pool; O.K—Orakei Korako; N—Ngatamariki; R—Rotokawa; T.—Tokaanu; N.P.—National Park; Max.—maximum; Min.—minimum.
Published: 28 February 2019
Figure 3. Comparison between silica precipitation rates at El Tatio (Chilean Altiplano) and those at other geothermal systems, estimated using radiocarbon data (black) and in situ precipitation experiments (gray). Suffixes correspond to intervals between two samples. *— Nicolau et al. (2014