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NARROW
GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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South America
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Andes
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Central Andes (1)
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Chile
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Coquimbo Chile (2)
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fossils
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Invertebrata
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Mollusca
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Cephalopoda
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Ammonoidea (1)
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geochronology methods
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U/Pb (1)
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geologic age
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Mesozoic
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Jurassic (1)
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igneous rocks
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igneous rocks
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volcanic rocks (1)
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minerals
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silicates
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orthosilicates
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nesosilicates
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zircon group
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zircon (1)
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Primary terms
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absolute age (1)
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catalogs (1)
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earthquakes (1)
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hydrogeology (1)
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hydrology (1)
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igneous rocks
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volcanic rocks (1)
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Invertebrata
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Mollusca
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Cephalopoda
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Ammonoidea (1)
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Mesozoic
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Jurassic (1)
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paleogeography (1)
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sedimentary rocks (1)
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soils (2)
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South America
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Andes
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Central Andes (1)
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Chile
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Coquimbo Chile (2)
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sedimentary rocks
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sedimentary rocks (1)
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volcaniclastics (1)
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sediments
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volcaniclastics (1)
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soils
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soils (2)
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Quebrada de Talca
Soil bulk density and gravimetric stone fragment content at the locations o...
Cumulative infiltration curve obtained with the double-ring infiltrometer, ...
Box plots of field saturated hydraulic conductivities obtained with the sin...
Box plots of field saturated hydraulic conductivities obtained with the dou...
Comparison of Single- and Double-Ring Infiltrometer Methods on Stony Soils All rights reserved. No part of this periodical may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
Major Earthquakes of Chile: A Historical Survey, 1535-1960
Stratigraphy and geochronology of the Nacientes del Teno and Río Damas Formations: Insights into Middle to Late Jurassic Andean volcanism
Parameterizing a Coupled Surface–Subsurface Three-Dimensional Soil Hydrological Model to Evaluate the Efficiency of a Runoff Water Harvesting Technique
Abstract Since the comprehensive synthesis on the Argentine–Chilean Andes by Mpodozis & Ramos (1989) , important progress has been made on the stratigraphy, palaeogeographic evolution and tectonic development of the Andean Orogen in Chile. We present here an overview of this evolution considering the new information and interpretations, including some unpublished ideas of the authors. To enable the reader to delve further into the subjects treated here, we accompany the text with abundant references. In the interpretation of the stratigraphic and radioisotopic data we used the timescale of Harland et al. (1989) . During most of its history the continental margin of South America was an active plate margin. The Late Proterozoic to Late Palaeozoic evolution was punctuated by terrane accretion and westward arc migration, and can be described as a ‘collisional history’. Although accretion of some terranes has been documented for the post-Triassic history, the evolution during post-Triassic times is characterized more by the eastward retreat of the continental margin and eastward arc migration, attributed to subduction erosion, and therefore can be described as an ‘erosional history’. The intermediate period, comprising the Late Permian and the Triassic, corresponds to an episode of no, or very slow, subduction activity along the continental margin, during which a totally different palaeogeographic organization was developed and a widely distributed magmatism with essentially different affinities occurred. It is therefore possible to differentiate major stages in the tectonostratigraphic evolution of the Chilean Andes, which can be related to the following episodes of supercontinent evolution: (1) post-Pangaea
SEG Newsletter 75 (October)
Chilean water resources
Abstract This chapter examines the main characteristics of surface waters and groundwater deposits in Chile. The extreme variations in Chilean climate are reflected directly by huge differences in hydrological conditions, from the deserts of the north to the temperate rainforests of the south. The mountainous geomorphology, the presence of major basins, and the influence of the Pacific Ocean and the South Pole on oceanic currents and air masses, all also affect water distribution across the country. Anthropogenic demand for water resources, mostly for municipal wastewater, industry and agriculture, has created pollution problems that are currently being dealt with by application of new environmental legislation. Such problems are particularly acute in the north, where scarce water deposits, already commonly contaminated by naturally occurring metalliferous deposits, have been affected by extensive mining operations. In the centre of the country, where most of the population lives, the main challenges to a high quality water supply have been more associated with treating municipal wastewater. Further south, threats to clean water resources are often associated with effluents from cellulose plants and aquaculture. The striking variations in Chilean climate from north to south, and therefore water supply, stem mainly from geographic location, topography and atmospheric circulation. The importance of geographic location derives from the position of the country along the southwestern side of the South American continent, with a corresponding strong influence from the Pacific Ocean and the South Pole. Movements of Antarctic and Subantarctic water currents and masses of polar air affect the whole country. Similarly,
Metallic ore deposits
Abstract This chapter describes the metallic ore deposits of Chile, their mineralized host rocks and the processes involved in ore formation, and provides a brief overview of the mining history of this Andean copper-rich country. The ore deposits are ordered according to their respective economic importance. Thus, after mining history and a general introduction, Chilean porphyry copper–molybdenum deposits are described first, with subsequent sections dealing with epithermal precious metals, iron oxide copper–gold and iron oxide–apatite deposits, stratabound copper–(silver) ores, precious metal veins, sedimentary-hosted gold and porphyry gold deposits, skarn rock ores and, finally, an overview of metallogenic evolution. About 40% of the known copper resources of the world occur in Chile, with the native populations using the red metal at least since 500 BC. Bracelets, earrings and weapons that have been found in archaeological sites in northern Chile were made of either native copper or copper-rich minerals that were melted in small quantities and subsequently hammered. Copper production during Spanish colonial times (1541–1810) amounted to some 80 000–85 000 tons, with high-grade oxidized copper minerals being exploited and melted with charcoal. Despite this mining activity, however, Spaniards regarded copper as ‘plebeian metal’ because of its relatively low value, and it was used mostly as ballast for ships returning to Spain, rather than for technological or industrial purposes. The colonial Spaniards were much more interested in gold and silver, and mining activities were consequently mostly orientated towards precious metals. Prior to Spanish conquest the Incas dominated northern Chile and had already exploited