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Quail Fault

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... Deployment of temporary seismic stations after the 2011 Mineral, Virginia (USA), earthquake produced a well-recorded aftershock sequence. The majority of aftershocks are in a tabular cluster that delineates the previously unknown Quail fault zone. Quail fault zone aftershocks range from ~3 to 8...
... of aftershocks along the brittle Quail fault that followed the 2011 Virginia earthquake. Internal to the Chopawamsic Formation, this Bend of River high-strain zone coincides in three dimensions with the aftershock-defined fault plane for the 2011 event. The spatial coincidence of the modern seismogenic surface...
Journal Article
Journal: Lithosphere
Publisher: GSW
Published: 11 February 2025
Lithosphere (2024) 2024 (Special 15): lithosphere_2024_129.
... responsible for the aftershocks consist of two primary planes, one smaller planar feature, and some off-fault seismicity near the intersection of the two primary planes. The fault planes imaged in this study all appear to be part of the Quail Fault Zone. [email protected] 13 03 2024 The M W...
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First thumbnail for: High-Resolution <span class="search-highlight">Fau...
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... to the northeast-trending Appalachian tectonic fabric. The earthquake and aftershocks occurred in crystalline rocks within Paleozoic thrust sheets of the Chopawamsic terrane. The main shock and majority of aftershocks delineated the newly named Quail fault zone in the subsurface, and shallow aftershocks defined...
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Map view of the Mw 5.8 Mineral, Virginia, earthquake and aftershock sequence. Only relative hypocenters with a location uncertainty of one standard deviation (σ) &lt; 0.1 km are shown. Stations used in the relative location and moment-tensor inversion analysis are shown. Various surface projections of the Quail Fault (Q, Q1, and Q2) and Fredericks Hall Fault (F) are represented by the dashed lines and were calculated using a plane of best-fit. Q1 is the surface projection resulting from using only aftershock hypocenters from the northeastern portion of the main fault, whereas Q2 is the surface projection resulting from using only hypocenters from the southern portion of the main fault. Q represents the surface projection of the plane of best-fit calculated using all of the aftershock hypocenters from the main fault. The strike and dip of the planes used to project Q1, Q2, and Q are 045°/67° SE, 002°/72° SE, and 025°/68° SE, respectively. The strike and dip of the plane used to project F are 033°/85° SE. Virginia fault, geology, and DEM data were sourced from the USGS.
Published: 11 February 2025
surface projections of the Quail Fault (Q, Q1, and Q2) and Fredericks Hall Fault ( F ) are represented by the dashed lines and were calculated using a plane of best-fit. Q1 is the surface projection resulting from using only aftershock hypocenters from the northeastern portion of the main fault, whereas
Image
Deformation in the western Quail Mountains. (A) Exposure of fault damage along the Marine Gate fault where it juxtaposes augen gneiss of alaskite against Jurassic metasedimentary rocks. The augen gneiss is brecciated and has numerous zones of gouge and synthetic brittle shears. The metasedimentary carbonate rocks are highly brecciated with lesser discrete thin gouge zones. The locations of the photographs are plotted on Figure 2. (B) Detailed view of mylonite of the porphyritic alaskite in the footwall of the Old Jackass fault. This mylonite exposure is within 100 m of the outcrop in (C). The mylonite displays two deformations of the mylonite foliation. The first deformation is top- to- the- northeast sense of shear, as seen in the asymmetric folds and a set of small offset faults. A younger deformation of the top- to- the- west sense of shear cuts the earlier deformation, as seen by a small offset fault—pencil for scale. (C) Westernmost exposures of the Old Jackass fault, looking to the north-northwest. Both the footwall and hanging wall rocks have strong brittle deformation. The adjacent mixed plutonic complex is comminuted to gouge textures within 2–3 m for the fault and is highly oxidized. The mixed complex farther away generally has green color due to pervasive low-grade greenschist metamorphism. The footwall augen gneiss of porphyritic alaskite is intensely fractured and locally brecciated. Synthetic faults are numerous near the main fault, as are tension gashes. This fault has a top-down, to- the- west sense of shear based on Reidel shears and these tension gashes. (D) View of the Old Jackass thrust fault in the western Quail Mountains looking toward the west. Geologic units in the footwall of the thrust are Late Jurassic alaskite and augen gneiss, and the hanging wall rocks are of Jurassic mixed intrusive complex (Jm).
Published: 09 March 2023
Figure 3. Deformation in the western Quail Mountains. (A) Exposure of fault damage along the Marine Gate fault where it juxtaposes augen gneiss of alaskite against Jurassic metasedimentary rocks. The augen gneiss is brecciated and has numerous zones of gouge and synthetic brittle shears
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Study area location map. Main figure: Regional shaded relief map showing the locations of geologic features, relevant place names, and the locations of figures in this paper. Also shown are closed-access military bases (red-bounded yellow areas), Quaternary faults from the California Geologic Survey (blue lines), Savoy fault (thick black line) from Andrew et al. (2014), and fault scarps from the Ridgecrest 6.4 M and 7.1 M earthquakes of July 2019 (purple lines; Thompson-Jobe et al., 2020). Abbreviations: SPVF—Southern Panamint Valley fault; WQM—western Quail Mountains; CC—Christmas Canyon; and EQM—eastern Quail Mountains. Inset: major regional features relevant to this study. Inset abbreviations: WLB—Walker Lane belt; ECSZ—eastern California shear zone; WG—western segment of the Garlock fault; CG—central segment of the Garlock fault; and EG—eastern segment of the Garlock fault. The green area marked with “N” is the northeast Mojave Desert dextral strain zone of Schermer et al. (1996).
Published: 09 March 2023
Geologic Survey (blue lines), Savoy fault (thick black line) from Andrew et al. (2014) , and fault scarps from the Ridgecrest 6.4 M and 7.1 M earthquakes of July 2019 (purple lines; Thompson-Jobe et al., 2020 ). Abbreviations: SPVF—Southern Panamint Valley fault; WQM—western Quail Mountains; CC—Christmas
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Geologic data from the western Quail Mountains. (A) Simplified geologic map of western Quail Mountains (location shown in Fig. 1) using data from Muehlberger (1954), Andrew (2002), Andrew (2007), and Andrew et al. (2014). The uncolored areas are Holocene deposits or unmapped areas in the current study. The locations of the photographs in Figure 3 are shown using a camera icon with the corresponding figure label. The legend on this figure has units for this figure and also Figures 4 and 7. (B) Stereonet—made using the Stereonet app (Cardozo and Allmendinger, 2013)—of poles to bedding and flow foliations in middle Miocene volcanic rocks using data from Andrew (2007). The leader line points to the general area or unit this data references. This stereonet and the others on this figure use a contour interval of data points of 2-sigma. (C) Stereonet of poles to bedding and foliations in Jurassic metavolcanic and metasedimentary rocks using data from Andrew (2007). A best-fit β-axis for the spread of data in these units is noted by the yellow star. (D) Stereonet of poles to bedding in Pliocene(?) pebble conglomerate using data from Andrew (2007). (E) Stereonet of poles to foliations in Late Jurassic alaskitic gneiss and mylonite using data from Andrew (2007). (F) Stereonet of poles to bedding and foliations in Late Jurassic metavolcanic rocks in the easternmost Slate Range, just west of the Quail Mountains, using data from Smith et al. (1968). (G) Stereonet of poles to bedding and foliations in Late Jurassic metavolcanic rocks in the westernmost Quail Mountains, using data from Andrew (2007). (H) Stereonet of stretching lineations in Late Jurassic alaskitic gneiss and mylonite using data from Andrew (2007). The mylonite fabrics crosscut earlier gneissic fabrics, and the mylonite lineations define a slightly different trend displaced counterclockwise from the gneissic lineations. (I) Stereonet of poles to fault planes of the Old Jackass fault using data from Andrew (2007).
Published: 09 March 2023
Figure 2. Geologic data from the western Quail Mountains. (A) Simplified geologic map of western Quail Mountains (location shown in Fig. 1 ) using data from Muehlberger (1954) , Andrew (2002) , Andrew (2007) , and Andrew et al. (2014) . The uncolored areas are Holocene deposits or unmapped
Published: 01 June 2010
DOI: 10.1130/2010.2463(07)
... included rock-avalanche megabreccias. Longitudinal transport of coarse-grained sediment also occurred along the axes of basins on both sides of the block. In the late Miocene, fault death at ca. 10 Ma followed rotation of the South Virgin–White Hills fault, and the along-strike Quail Spring fault, from...
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Triple-junction diagrams. (A) The Marine Gate fault is the dominant structure active in the interval 7–4 Ma. (B) The deformation during 4–0 Ma begins with the Searles Valley extensional fault initiation, intersecting the Marine Gate fault southward, creating a triple junction. The eastern Marine Gate fault reactivates as a dip-slip fault. The blue shading denotes the deposition area of the lacustrine member 2 of the Pilot Knob Valley formation. (C) The triple junction is unstable and evolves into two diverging triple junctions (red dots) with an intervening and lengthening dextral fault. The continued movement led to the development of a dextral fault connecting the southern triple junction with the Garlock fault. Abbreviations: EC—Eastern California shear zone; GM—Granite Mountains; QM—Quail Mountains; SR—Slate Range.
Published: 09 March 2023
fault. The continued movement led to the development of a dextral fault connecting the southern triple junction with the Garlock fault. Abbreviations: EC—Eastern California shear zone; GM—Granite Mountains; QM—Quail Mountains; SR—Slate Range.
Journal Article
Journal: Geosphere
Published: 09 March 2023
Geosphere (2023) 19 (3): 782–800.
...Figure 3. Deformation in the western Quail Mountains. (A) Exposure of fault damage along the Marine Gate fault where it juxtaposes augen gneiss of alaskite against Jurassic metasedimentary rocks. The augen gneiss is brecciated and has numerous zones of gouge and synthetic brittle shears...
FIGURES
First thumbnail for: Evolution of slip partitioning in a major continen...
Second thumbnail for: Evolution of slip partitioning in a major continen...
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(on following page). Summary of vertical separation rates and extension rates along Tahoe-Sierra frontal fault zone. Vertical separation rates (VSR) and extension rates (EXR) discussed in text for major fault strands of the Mt. Tallac and Rubicon Peak segments of the Tahoe-Sierra frontal fault zone (TSFFZ), plotted on U.S. Geological Survey 10 m digital elevation model. Colored fault segments indicate the age of the faulted deposit, and line weights indicate the relative magnitude of the slip rate (see inset legend). Refer to GSA Data Repository Table 3 and Data Repository text for details of individual offsets (see text footnote 1). CL—Cascade Lake; EB—Emerald Bay; EP—Echo Peak; EPF—Echo Peak fault; FLL—Fallen Leaf Lake; HWF—Homewood fault; MT—Mt. Tallac; MTF—Mt. Tallac fault; QLF—Quail Lake fault; RP—Rubicon Peak; RPF—Rubicon Peak fault.
Published: 01 July 2012
for details of individual offsets (see text footnote 1 ). CL—Cascade Lake; EB—Emerald Bay; EP—Echo Peak; EPF—Echo Peak fault; FLL—Fallen Leaf Lake; HWF—Homewood fault; MT—Mt. Tallac; MTF—Mt. Tallac fault; QLF—Quail Lake fault; RP—Rubicon Peak; RPF—Rubicon Peak fault.
Journal Article
Journal: AAPG Bulletin
Published: 01 August 1950
AAPG Bulletin (1950) 34 (8): 1647–1658.
... as the volcanic rocks now exposed southeast of Quail Lake, in part bleached, flow-banded rhyolite. The lower member underlies the hills south of highway 138, 2–4 miles southeast of Quail Lake. The detailed structure here is extremely complex. There are many small folds and faults and in many places...
FIGURES
First thumbnail for: Structural Features of Western Antelope Valley, Ca...
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Restoration markers for fault displacement. A simplified geologic map modified from Walker et al. (2002) overlain on a shaded relief map. The labeled circles are restoration marker sets discussed in the text and in Table 1. Each set of two or more displacement markers for a fault or fault zone is denoted by the same letter. Relevant faults to this paper are labeled and shown in red, and gray lines indicate the faults without constraints or outside the considerations of this paper. The two large dashed blue arrows show the sediment transport routes from the central Eagle Crags to Pilot Knob Valley. The central Eagle Crags expose the flow-banded rhyolite domes that are the sources for distinctive clasts in member 1 of the Pilot Knob Valley formation. These transport routes follow topographic valleys that have been persistent topographic features since at least the Pliocene. Fault ornament symbols are yellow triangles on the hanging wall of Jurassic thrust faults, yellow squares and triangles on the hanging wall of Mesozoic thrust faults with extensional reactivation, and red squares on the hanging wall of Miocene low-angle normal faults. DLF—Drinkwater Lake fault; LWT—Layton Well thrust; NYCF—New York Canyon fault; OJF—Old Jackass fault; SCT—Sand Canyon thrust; SRD—Slate Range detachment; WQM—western Quail Mountains.
Published: 09 March 2023
thrust; NYCF—New York Canyon fault; OJF—Old Jackass fault; SCT—Sand Canyon thrust; SRD—Slate Range detachment; WQM—western Quail Mountains.
Journal Article
Journal: AAPG Bulletin
Published: 01 July 1966
AAPG Bulletin (1966) 50 (7): 1399–1422.
... of agitation are indicated, however, by oölite beds in the White Quail and Jacque Mountain Limestone Members. Most sandstone bodies in the upper part of the Minturn consist of moderately to poorly sorted arkose and impure arkose. Dominant clay minerals in the sandstone and associated shale and mudstone...
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First thumbnail for: Petrology of Minturn Formation, East-Central Eagle...
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Regional digital elevation map showing major tectonic provinces, key geographic locations, and study site locations along the Garlock fault (fault trace from USGS and CGS, 2006; see Data and Resources). Slip‐rate sites marked by squares and dedicated paleoseismic event record sites marked by circles. Slip‐rate references: Searles Lake (McGill and Sieh, 1993); Koehn Lake (Clark and Lajoie, 1974; Clark et al., 1984); Clark Wash (McGill et al., 2009); Oak Creek Canyon (LaViolette et al., 1980). With the exception of Oak Creek, for which slip rate was constrained by soil ages, slip‐rate sites shown are limited to those for which rates are constrained by radiometric dating. Cities: B, Bakersfield; L, Lancaster; LA, Los Angeles; P, Palmdale; Geographic features: AM, Avawatz Mountains; BR, Basin and Range Province; CL, Castac Lake; DV, Death Valley; EM, El Paso Mountains; KL, Koehn Lake; MB, Mojave Block; QM, Quail Mountains; SV, Searles Valley; TM, Tehachapi Mountains; TR, Transverse Ranges; SN, Sierra Nevada Mountains. Inset shows active faults in southern California and Mexico (USGS and CGS, 2006; see Data and Resources) and the location of the main figure outlined by the box. The color version of this figure is available only in the electronic edition.
Published: 01 December 2012
Mountains; KL, Koehn Lake; MB, Mojave Block; QM, Quail Mountains; SV, Searles Valley; TM, Tehachapi Mountains; TR, Transverse Ranges; SN, Sierra Nevada Mountains. Inset shows active faults in southern California and Mexico (USGS and CGS, 2006; see Data and Resources ) and the location of the main figure
Journal Article
Journal: AAPG Bulletin
Published: 01 September 1989
AAPG Bulletin (1989) 73 (9): 1089–1102.
... age, 21-22 Ma and 22-23.7 Ma, respectively (J. H. Newell, 1987, personal communication; Haq et al, 1987 ; Lagoe, 1988 ). Accordingly the Russell fault did not begin to move before about 23 Ma. The basal Quail Canyon Sandstone Member of the Vaqueros Formation rests conformably on the Oligocene...
FIGURES
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Journal Article
Published: 01 June 1916
Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (1916) 6 (2-3): 181–184.
... fault passes through the mud volcanoes and along the western margin of Volcano Lake, and he so repre- sented it. The map is reproduced here as Fig. I. Through the kindness of Mr. F. C. Hermann, civil engineer, it was learned that another earthquake was felt in the Imperial Valley November 2o, I915...
Journal Article
Published: 01 August 2024
Earthquake Spectra (2024) 40 (3): 1818–1844.
... is the Central Virginia seismic zone (CVSZ), which hosted the 2011 M W 5.8 Mineral earthquake (Pazzaglia et al., 2021 ; Thompson Jobe et al., 2022a ; Tuttle et al., 2021). The earthquake was thought to have occurred on the Quail fault, a blind and poorly constrained reverse fault. The Quail fault...
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Second thumbnail for: Earthquake scenario development in conjunction wit...
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Journal Article
Published: 01 August 2004
Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (2004) 94 (4): 1293–1304.
...). Comparison of the 1903 Tejon, California, 1:125,000 quadrangle, the 1938 Gorman, California, 6′ quadrangle, and the 1938 Quail, California, 6′ quadrangle USGS topographic maps with Ross ( 1969 ) reveals that, in 1916, the state highway followed the SAF and either sat astride the fault or crossed it at very...
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First thumbnail for: The Tejon Pass Earthquake of 22 October 1916: An M...
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