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Pyramid Gravel

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The Pyramid gravel exposed in the Laughlin bluffs just south of Laughlin, Nevada, records the initial spilling of paleolake Cottonwood into Mohave valley. In each photo, the dashed white lines highlight the undulating erosional contact between the Pyramid gravel above, dominated by dark Precambrian granite clasts derived from the Pyramid hills to the north, and local late Miocene fanglomerate dominated by light colored Oligocene–Miocene granite clasts.
Published: 01 December 2014
Figure 6. The Pyramid gravel exposed in the Laughlin bluffs just south of Laughlin, Nevada, records the initial spilling of paleolake Cottonwood into Mohave valley. In each photo, the dashed white lines highlight the undulating erosional contact between the Pyramid gravel above, dominated by dark
Image
Schematic cross section of stratigraphic relationships in northern Mohave Valley, showing the Pyramid gravel deposits directly beneath Bouse carbonates. Tephra dates, by geochemical correlation, are from House et al. (2008).
Published: 01 June 2013
Figure 4. Schematic cross section of stratigraphic relationships in northern Mohave Valley, showing the Pyramid gravel deposits directly beneath Bouse carbonates. Tephra dates, by geochemical correlation, are from House et al. (2008) .
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Projections of Bouse deposit localities from the east and west sides of the valleys onto a north-south plane. Bouse data points below the modern river or lake level are from wells logs. (A) Basal and/or perimeter points (blue diamonds) represent Bouse deposits directly over alluvial deposits or bedrock on the valley sides. Fine siliciclastic Bouse deposits are shown only in the subsurface to define the pre-Bouse topography. The Pyramid gravel (PyG) in northern Mohave Valley records the initial spillover of a relatively small lake in Cottonwood Valley. This was followed by lake level rise to a maximum of 555–560 m above sea level (asl) recorded at Silver Creek (SiC), then spilling over the Topock paleodivide. (B) Fine silt and clay deposits (pale green diamonds) are common and have been found as high as to 500 m asl. These deposits would have been suspended sediment and could have been widely distributed in the lake and draped over the lake bottom. Quartz-rich sand deposits (orange diamonds) generally are turbidite deposits in deep water, for example in the Park Moabi (PM) and Dead Mountain piedmont (DM) areas. The detrital zircon analysis of a quartz-rich sand bed near the base of a Bouse outcrop in Cottonwood Valley (DZ) showed similarity to Colorado River sand (Kimbrough et al., 2015). The highest sand deposits grade upward into local gravel deposits at Secret Pass Canyon (SPC) at 430–440 m asl. Dashed gray lines depict hypothetical delta tops graded to decreasing lake levels (dashed blue lines) due to spillover erosion. The valleys filled with Colorado River siliciclastic delta deposits as the lake level lowered (tan color); dashed gray dashed lines represent the advancing delta front with time. Dashed green lines depict river gradients graded to these lake levels, and would have been cut into older delta deposits in the north.
Published: 01 December 2014
deposits or bedrock on the valley sides. Fine siliciclastic Bouse deposits are shown only in the subsurface to define the pre-Bouse topography. The Pyramid gravel (PyG) in northern Mohave Valley records the initial spillover of a relatively small lake in Cottonwood Valley. This was followed by lake level
Journal Article
Journal: Geosphere
Published: 01 December 2014
Geosphere (2014) 10 (6): 1139–1160.
...Figure 6. The Pyramid gravel exposed in the Laughlin bluffs just south of Laughlin, Nevada, records the initial spilling of paleolake Cottonwood into Mohave valley. In each photo, the dashed white lines highlight the undulating erosional contact between the Pyramid gravel above, dominated by dark...
FIGURES
First thumbnail for: Paleogeomorphology and evolution of the early Colo...
Second thumbnail for: Paleogeomorphology and evolution of the early Colo...
Third thumbnail for: Paleogeomorphology and evolution of the early Colo...
Series: GSA Field Guide
Published: 01 January 2005
DOI: 10.1130/2005.fld006(17)
EISBN: 9780813756066
... of the Laughlin bluffs area (modified from Faulds et al., 2004). See text for discussion of various units. Tfn—Miocene fanglomerate from Newberry Mountains (Tfn 1 —pre-Bouse; Tfn 2 —syn/post-Bouse); Tag—axial gravel; Tpg—Pyramid gravel; Tb—Bouse Formation; Tbhl—lower Bullhead alluvium (Panda gravel); Qcm—Mohave...
... in paleochannels cut in fanglomerate (Tng; Newberry channel gravel, found only in northern Mohave Valley); (4) coarse axial valley deposits dominated by clasts of Precambrian granite (Pyramid gravel, found only in northern Mohave Valley); (5) fine-grained deposits of the Bouse Formation, which typically include...
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Khephren Pyramid. Microfacies of the wackestone levels of the substratum, including the two sets of Nummulites gizehensis. N1: larger forms and N2: smaller forms. Q: quartz gravels, N: nummulites, S-C: sand and clay.
Published: 01 May 2010
F ig . 13. – Khephren Pyramid. Microfacies of the wackestone levels of the substratum, including the two sets of Nummulites gizehensis . N1: larger forms and N2: smaller forms. Q: quartz gravels, N: nummulites, S-C: sand and clay. F ig . 13. – Microfacies des niveaux de wackestone du
Journal Article
Journal: Geosphere
Published: 01 June 2012
Geosphere (2012) 8 (3): 607–627.
... and gravels. The effect of changing slope on sediment transport rate was investigated using the 1961 and 1965 true channel slopes near their distal ends where they emptied into Pyramid Lake. In 1961, the slope of the channel was ∼0.003 in its lower reaches but had steepened to ∼0.0047 by 1965 due...
FIGURES
First thumbnail for: Response of the Truckee River to lowering base lev...
Second thumbnail for: Response of the Truckee River to lowering base lev...
Third thumbnail for: Response of the Truckee River to lowering base lev...
Journal Article
Published: 01 August 2005
Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (2005) 95 (4): 1301–1313.
... earthquake occurring after 1935 ± 70 cal. yr b.p. The apparent higher frequency of recent earthquakes at the eastern end of the fault may reflect triggered slip on the Olinghouse fault zone due to earthquakes on the conjugate northwest-trending, right-lateral Pyramid Lake fault. Repeated late Pleistocene...
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First thumbnail for: Late Pleistocene and Holocene Paleoearthquake Acti...
Second thumbnail for: Late Pleistocene and Holocene Paleoearthquake Acti...
Third thumbnail for: Late Pleistocene and Holocene Paleoearthquake Acti...
Journal Article
Published: 13 March 2006
Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (2006) 43 (2): 147–155.
...Daniel P. Neuffer; Richard A. Schultz; Robert J. Watters Abstract Pyramid Mountain is a subglacial volcano in Wells Gray Provincial Park in east-central British Columbia. Landslides deform the north and east flanks of the volcano. Field strength testing and rock mass classification designate...
FIGURES
First thumbnail for: Mechanisms of slope failure on <span class="search...
Second thumbnail for: Mechanisms of slope failure on <span class="search...
Third thumbnail for: Mechanisms of slope failure on <span class="search...
Journal Article
Journal: GSA Bulletin
Published: 01 March 2017
GSA Bulletin (2017) 129 (3-4): 349–371.
... sector. Sedimentologic and stratigraphic observations and interpretations of the Lago Viedma Formation come from Cerro Pyrámide. Detrital zircon sample locations from deep-water facies correspond to the locations of ash beds reported in Malkowski et al. (2015) . Measured stratigraphic section in Figure...
Journal Article
Published: 01 May 2010
Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France (2010) 181 (3): 279–290.
...F ig . 13. – Khephren Pyramid. Microfacies of the wackestone levels of the substratum, including the two sets of Nummulites gizehensis . N1: larger forms and N2: smaller forms. Q: quartz gravels, N: nummulites, S-C: sand and clay. F ig . 13. – Microfacies des niveaux de wackestone du...
FIGURES
First thumbnail for: Geological and topographical study of the original...
Second thumbnail for: Geological and topographical study of the original...
Third thumbnail for: Geological and topographical study of the original...
Series: GSA Field Guides
Published: 04 September 2019
DOI: 10.1130/2019.0055(03)
EISBN: 9780813756554
... upstream from Laughlin (to the right of the Pyramid divide). Water spills south over low Pyramid divide into Mohave basin, depositing the Pyramid gravel flood deposit. Mohave basin fills with water to a maximum elevation of ~550–560 m a.s.l. (above sea level), then decants solute-rich water...
Journal Article
Journal: Geology
Published: 01 June 2005
Geology (2005) 33 (6): 505–508.
... south. Thin gravels are commonly sandwiched between tuffs and indicate deposition in a fluvial system flowing from volcanic highlands in central Nevada westward to the Pacific Ocean. Uplift of the Sierra Nevada relative to the Great Basin had not yet occurred. In western Nevada and northeast California...
FIGURES
First thumbnail for: Kinematics of the northern Walker Lane: An incipie...
Second thumbnail for: Kinematics of the northern Walker Lane: An incipie...
Third thumbnail for: Kinematics of the northern Walker Lane: An incipie...
Journal Article
Journal: AAPG Bulletin
Published: 01 January 1994
AAPG Bulletin (1994) 78 (1): 102–121.
...) Annual Bedload (10 6 m 3 /yr) Basin Origin Latitude Lake Constance Rhine River (Bodensee) Switzerland [6+] 6122 6.95 2.57 0.04 Würm-age glaciated basin temperate 600 Pyramid Lake Truckee River Nevada, USA [20] 4785 0.72 0.1 ? tectonic, lake level lowered, eroded and rebuilt...
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First thumbnail for: Seismic Expression and Geological Significance of ...
Second thumbnail for: Seismic Expression and Geological Significance of ...
Third thumbnail for: Seismic Expression and Geological Significance of ...
Journal Article
Published: 10 August 2021
Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (2022) 112 (1): 575–596.
... fault (HLF), the WSVF, and the Pyramid Lake fault (PLF). Slip on these faults initiated around 9–3 Ma, and the faults have a collective dextral slip rate of 2–10 mm/yr as determined from a total of 20–30 km of right‐lateral offset of Oligocene paleovalleys that cross each fault (Fig.  2 ; Faulds et al...
FIGURES
First thumbnail for: Complex Holocene Fault Ruptures on the Warm Spring...
Second thumbnail for: Complex Holocene Fault Ruptures on the Warm Spring...
Third thumbnail for: Complex Holocene Fault Ruptures on the Warm Spring...
Journal Article
Journal: Geosphere
Published: 01 June 2013
Geosphere (2013) 9 (3): 444–459.
...Figure 4. Schematic cross section of stratigraphic relationships in northern Mohave Valley, showing the Pyramid gravel deposits directly beneath Bouse carbonates. Tephra dates, by geochemical correlation, are from House et al. (2008) . ...
FIGURES
First thumbnail for: Review and analysis of the age and origin of the P...
Second thumbnail for: Review and analysis of the age and origin of the P...
Third thumbnail for: Review and analysis of the age and origin of the P...
Journal Article
Journal: GSA Bulletin
Published: 01 March 2011
GSA Bulletin (2011) 123 (3-4): 744–768.
... and have been dated in the Lahontan basin, mainly in Pyramid Lake ( Kaufman and Broecker, 1965 ; Lao and Benson, 1988 ; Szabo and Bush, 1996 ). Because these tufa types may grow in deep water, they may not tightly constrain shoreline age. Beach gravels are often cemented by authigenic tufa precipitated...
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First thumbnail for: Cosmogenic nuclide and uranium-series dating of ol...
Second thumbnail for: Cosmogenic nuclide and uranium-series dating of ol...
Third thumbnail for: Cosmogenic nuclide and uranium-series dating of ol...
Journal Article
Journal: AAPG Bulletin
Published: 01 January 2013
AAPG Bulletin (2013) 97 (1): 27–60.
..., Pyramid Lake and high lake level Lake Lahontan, and Searles Lake) and two from Australia (Lakes Clifton and Thetis). Marine basin examples are the Hamelin Pool part of Shark Bay from Australia (marginal marine) and the Red Sea (marine rift). Landsat images and digital elevation models for each example...
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First thumbnail for: Assessing the extent of carbonate deposition in ea...
Second thumbnail for: Assessing the extent of carbonate deposition in ea...
Third thumbnail for: Assessing the extent of carbonate deposition in ea...
Journal Article
Published: 01 January 2010
Russ. Geol. Geophys. (2010) 51 (1): 127–135.
... on the rough surface of sandstones of the Pastakh Formation. The pebble is unsorted and angular and includes various exotic rocks, e.g., red and brown-red jasperoids and green quartz-feldspathic porphyry. The conglomerates are not lithified. The ground-mass consists of fine gravel and coarse-grained brown sand...
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First thumbnail for: Rhaetian diamond placers in Siberia
Second thumbnail for: Rhaetian diamond placers in Siberia
Third thumbnail for: Rhaetian diamond placers in Siberia