...C. Kevin Boyce; Carol L. Hotton; Marilyn L. Fogel; George D. Cody; Robert M. Hazen; Andrew H. Knoll; Francis M. Hueber Abstract The enigmatic Paleozoic fossil Prototaxites Dawson 1859 consists of tree-like trunks as long as 8 m constructed of interwoven tubes <50 mm in diameter. Prototaxites...

...Figure 2. Prototaxites logani , Dawson, 1859 [ Nematophycus logani , Carruthers, 1872 ]. (A) A trunk 18 inches in diameter, as seen in the cliffs near L’Anse, Brehaut , Gaspé, Canada; (B) Magnified view of two of the tubular cells that form the tissue of the stem, from Henry Alleyne...

... types of internally thickened tubes, including reticulate forms. Initially Dawson (1859) considered that Prototaxites represented the remains of decaying conifer wood. Such an interpretation was later discounted and marine algal affinities suggested (e.g., Carruthers, 1872...

... mutualism : Oikos , v. 75 , p. 67 – 74 . Burgess N.D Edwards D. 1988 , A new Palaeozoic plant closely allied to Prototaxites Dawson : Botanical Journal...

... Burgess , N.D. and Edwards , D. 1988 . A new Palaeozoic plant closely allied to Prototaxites Dawson . Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society , 97 , 189 – 203 , https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1988.tb02461.x Canfield , D.E. 1998 . A new model for Proterozoic ocean...

.... Hueber F.M 2001 , Rotted wood-alga-fungus: The history and life of Prototaxites Dawson 1859: Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology , v. 116 , p. 123 – 158 , doi: 10.1016/S0034-6667(01)00058-6. International Commission...

... fauna, Yunnan, southwest China . Acta Palaeontologica Sinica , 37 , 395 – 401 . Hueber F.M. 2001 . Rotted wood–alga–fungus: The history and life of Prototaxites Dawson 1859 . Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology , 116 , 123 – 158 . Hunter R.E. 1977 . Basic types...

... include a species of Nematothallus , N. taenia Strother, 1988 that could easily be interpreted as an axis of a true plant. Small chunks of Prototaxites Dawson, 1859 were also described from this non-marine deposit. All other reports of Silurian plants are either of root traces in association...

... . Hueber, F.M. , 2001 , Rotted wood–alga–fungus: the history and life of Prototaxites Dawson 1859 : Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology , v. 116 , p. 123 – 158 . Hunt, D.W...

... to the Devonian succession in Sobek–1 borehole, north Western Desert, Egypt . Egyptian Journal of Paleontology . 12 : 123 – 142 . Hueber FM. 2001 . Rotted wood-alga-fungus: the history and life of Prototaxites Dawson 1859 . Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology . 116 ( 1–2 ): 123 – 158...

...-prey dynamics in the terminal Proterozoic . Palaios , 18 : 454 – 459 . Hueber , F. M. 2001 . Rotted wood-alga-fungus: the history and life of Prototaxites Dawson 1859 . Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology , 116 : 123 – 158 . Javaux , E. J. , A. H. Knoll , and M. R...

... time : Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta , v. 65 , p. 685 – 694 . Burgess , N.D. , and Edwards , D. , 1988 . A new Palaeozoic plant closely allied to Prototaxites Dawson : Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society of London , v. 97 , p. 189 – 203 . Chaloner , W.G. 1989...

.... The formation of log jams requires the existence of large trees and their occurrence in high abundance adjacent to fluvial systems. The first “trees” encountered in the fossil record ( Fig. 10 ) are those of Prototaxites ( Dawson 1859 ), an arborescent fungus that produced trunks up to 8.8 m long and > 1 m...

... and the earlier Jauf members to the Siegenian (late Lockhovian and early Pragian). They considered the Murayr Member as Middle Devonian because it yielded plant remains such as Prototaxites laganii Dawson. From subsurface samples, McClure (1976, in Al-Laboun, 1982 ) dated the Jauf Formation as Siegenian...

... sedimentary structures of the nearshore shelf : Senckenbergiana Maritima , v. 4 , p. 81 – 123 . Hueber , F.M. 2001 . Rotted wood–alga–fungus: the history and life of Prototaxites Dawson 1859 : Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology , v. 116 , p. 123 – 158 . James , M.A. , Ansell...

... and Prototaxites Dawson, 1859 . The Battery Point Formation occurs within strata that were deposited in a foreland basin to the west of the Acadian Orogen in response to the early stages of the Acadian Orogeny, and forming part of the Catskill clastic wedge ( Rust, 1984 ; Lawrence and Rust, 1988 ). Cant...

... Special Publications , 84 , 81 – 170 . Burgess N.D. Edwards D. 1988 . A new Palaeozoic plant closely allied to Prototaxites Dawson . Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society , 97 , 189 – 203 . Channell J.E.T. McCabe C. Woodcock N.H. 1992 . Early...

... . Stable carbon and oxygen isotopes of pedogenic carbonates in Ustic Vertisols: implications for paleoenvironmental change . Pedosphere 15 : 539 – 544 . Hueber , F. M. 2001 . Rotted wood-alga-fungus: the history and life of Prototaxites Dawson 1859. Rev . Palaeobot. Palynol. 116 : 123...

...], zosterophylls, and barinophytes), basal euphyllophytes (the former trimerophytes; e.g., Psilophyton Dawson emend. Hueber and Banks 1967 ; Pertica Kasper and Andrews 1972 ; Pauthecophyton Xue et al. 2012 ; Planatophyton Gerrienne et al. 2014 ), monophilophytes (filicopsids [ferns], cladoxylopsids...