...K. A. RANDALL; K. A. POLAND Abstract The Pliny complex in northern New Hampshire, a part of the White Mountain Magma Series, is composed of eight distinct intrusions. Previous work has indicated chemical variations that cannot be explained by fractional crystallization and has led...

... originates from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano (Kamchatka, Russia) and from pyrometamorphic rocks of the Hatrurim Complex (Israel). Pliniusite (Cyrillic: плиниусит) was named in honor of the famous Roman naturalist, natural philosopher, author, and statesman Pliny the Elder, born Gaius Plinius...

... ). In later ages, luminary figures such as Theophrastus ( Caley and Richards 1956 ), Pliny the Elder ( Bostock and Riley 1855 ), and Georgius Agricola ( Hoover and Hoover 1950 ) all made their own attempts at explaining the formation of mineral particles and crystals. In the modern scientific era...

... of the Menderes core complex through north–south extension in western Turkey. Rhodos is situated within a framework of left-lateral strike-slip faults that form the Pliny and Strabo trenches ( Peters & Huson 1985 ; Mascle et al . 1986 ; ten Veen & Kleinspehn 2002 ), which are still active today...

..., and/or where large igneous complexes and related geological structures are present. Therefore, data on the dynamics of mineral discovery ( Figs. 1 and 2 ) were classified into three distinct periods: Ancient period (before 1800) is characterized by the absence of a stable record or description...

... Plinian episodes with lulls between (Hildreth & Fierstein, 2012 ). Single eruptive episodes ended with a complete eruptive hiatus, marked by deposition of water-reworked pyroclasts. The climactic phases of the ad 79 Vesuvius eruption are described by Pliny the Younger to the historian Tacitus...

.... Strabo’s relentless sarcasm no doubt contributed to the vanishing of Pytheas’s book. Later explorers confirmed most features of Pytheas’s account to be justified, and his reported distances are now regarded as surprisingly accurate. Pliny (Plinius Secundus, 23–79 C.E.) , unlike Strabo, treats his...

... become psychological basket cases, because the vast majority of novel hypotheses turn out to be dead wrong. I would even grant substantial kudos to a class of claims that one of my colleagues, speaking of Emmanuel Velikovsky's neocatastrophic theories, called “gloriously wrong”—for this complex...

... and commonly roughly equidimensional deposit is associated with a complex, passively emplaced stock of intermediate composition including porphyry units…. We believe the porphyry deposits to be a petrological-mineralization class, and individual porphyry deposits are best interpreted as greater or lesser...

... of Pompeii and Herculaneum, the death of the Roman admiral, Pliny the Elder, and the perceptive description of the activity viewed from Misenum by Pliny the Younger, who gave his name to this style of activity. The eruption in 1631 was sub-plinian in size and one of the most violent of Vesuvius in historic...

... of herbals from the early sixteenth century portrayed plants as drawn from life ( Kaufmann 1999 , p. 406; Osler 2010 , pp. 132–133). 1 Where previous natural histories had relied mostly on verbal descriptions taken from Pliny’s Naturalis Historiae , the natural histories produced during the fifteenth...

... MVs are scattered alongside the foothills, whose main example is the “Salse di Nirano” MV field, covering a surface of approximately 75,000 m 2 (∼18.5 ac) and representing one of the largest MV complexes occurring in Italy and Europe ( Figure 2A–C ). In the northern Apennines, the MV fields are often...

..., was not simply the drawing of more complex maps and sections (which is true), but a more wholesale tendency to focus upon the natural features of rocks, of all sorts. What occurs is a changeover from more purely landscape-style views on the one hand and stiff, mathematical diagrams on the other, to realistic...

... of volcanic ash ( pulvis ), lime ( calx ), and tuff aggregate ( tofus ) that cohered pozzolanically in seawater. Pliny the Elder and Seneca called upon geologic analogs to explain concrete resilience after 100–150 yr of service life. Advanced analytical techniques now show the complexity of Roman marine...

... the buried mother lode at Las Médulas in northwest Spain. Their engineers used a technique known to Pliny the Elder as “Ruina Montium,” literally to “destroy the mountain” using the force of water to exploit the rich mineral resources of the area. It was an amazing feat of engineering which led Pliny...

... the book are available via open access from the Mineralogical Society s site. The competent mineralogist should possess a profound perception of the complexity of natural materials, he/she should have the necessary knowledge of the ancient and recent geological and physicochemical processes acting on them...

... resort in the valley below (Netzer et al. 2010 ). The importance of Herodium to the king is clear, as it is his only building site to which he gave his name. The discovery of Herod’s tomb complex in 2010 (Netzer et al. 2010 ; Netzer 2011 ; Porat et al. 2018 ) strengthens the theory that Herod had...

...A. J. Hall; A. E. Fallick; V. Perdikatsis; E. Photos-Jones Abstract Efflorescences in the geothermal field of SE Melos, Greece, contain significant amounts of hydrated Al sulphate, alunogen, which could represent the Melian alumen exploited in Roman times and commended by Pliny. The efflorescences...

... related to a natural extensive underground coal fire of a non-anthropogenic origin known since ca. 1000 BCE. One of the early descriptions of the fires was done by Pliny the Elder (the first century AD): “Flagrat in Bactris Cophanti noctibus vertex” (The summit of Cophant burns in Bactris by night...