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Journal Article

EARLIEST ORDOVICIAN (EARLY TO MIDDLE TREMADOCIAN) RADIOLARIAN FAUNAS OF THE COW HEAD GROUP, WESTERN NEWFOUNDLAND

MUN-ZU WON, WILLIAM J. IAMS, KATHERINE REED
Published: 01 May 2005
Journal of Paleontology (2005) 79 (3): 433–459.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1666/0022-3360(2005)079<0433:EOETMT>2.0.CO;2
..., 10 genera, and 24 species. Of these, one family Aspiculumidae, one genus, and 19 species are new. The new family and new genus are Aspiculumidae and Aspiculum , respectively. The new species are Pararcheoentactinia ? cowheadensis , Aspiculum eccentricum , Aspiculum ? angulatum , Parechidnina delicata...
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Journal Article

The Beothuka terranova (Radiolaria) assemblage and its importance for the understanding of early Ordovician radiolarian evolution

JORG MALETZ, DAVID L. BRUTON
Published: 01 November 2005
Geological Magazine (2005) 142 (6): 711–721.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0016756805001391
... example. (f ) PMO 205.718/129, broken specimen showing inside and grooved base of spine. (g) Antygopora (?) sp. PMO 205.718/73, specimen with one test bearing large pores with raised rims and about 10–12 spines. Indication of inner beams or spicule is visible on lower left side. (h, j) Parechidnina sp...
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View PDF for article title, The Beothuka terranova (Radiolaria) assemblage and its importance for the understanding of early Ordovician radiolarian evolution
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Figure 7. Scale bar equals 50 µm. 1–4, Parechidnina aff. P. aspinosa Won in Won and Below 1999: 1, GSC 130980; 2, GSC 130981; 3, GSC 130982; 4, GSC 130983; 5–8, Neoaspiculum? laxum n. sp.; 5, GSC 130984; 6, holotype, GSC 130985; 7, GSC 130986; 8, GSC 130987; 9–13a, b, Aspiculum jamesi parajamesi n. ssp.; 9, GSC 130988; 10, GSC 130989; 11, GSC 130990; 12, GSC 130992; 13, GSC 131992; 14, Protoentactinia primigena s.l. Won et al., 2005, GSC 131993; 15–18, Protospongentactinia spongiosaWon et al., 2007: 15, GSC 131994; 16, GSC 131995; 17, GSC 131996; 18, GSC 131997.

Figure 7. Scale bar equals 50 µm. 1–4, Parechidnina aff. P. aspinosa Wo...

Published: 01 January 2011
Figure 7. Scale bar equals 50 µm. 1–4, Parechidnina aff. P. aspinosa Won in Won and Below 1999 : 1, GSC 130980; 2, GSC 130981; 3, GSC 130982; 4, GSC 130983; 5–8, Neoaspiculum ? laxum n. sp.; 5, GSC 130984; 6, holotype, GSC 130985; 7, GSC 130986; 8, GSC 130987; 9–13a, b
Image
Figure6—A distance of 6 mm on these photographs is equivalent to the length (in μm) noted in the parentheses. 1a, 1b, Gen. et sp. indet., GSC-125483 (BPN94-14), (40). 2, 4, 8, 9?, 13?, Parechidnina aspinosa s.l. (Won and Below, 1999), Morphotype 2. 2, GSC-125484 (BS64-1-12), (20). 4, GSC-125485 (BS64-1-14), (28.5). 8, GSC-125486 (GP26A-11), (40). 9, GSC-125487 (GP26B-19), (40), some radial skeletal elements are slightly larger than the others. 13, GSC-125488 (GP25B2-48), (40), some radial elements are slightly thicker than the others. 3?, 6, 7, 12?, Parechidnina variospina n. sp. 3, GSC-125489 (GP26B-1), (43.5). 6, GSC-125490 (BN87-5-3), (40). 7, Holotype, GSC-125491 (GP25I-5), (40). 12, GSC-125492 (MP36A-2), (33.3). 5?, 10?, 11, 14, 15,Parechidnina jamesiWon and Iams, 2002. 5, GSC-125493 (BN87-5-2), (33.3), one spine is slightly larger than the other (arrow). 10, GSC-125494 (GP26H-3), (50) several of the longer spines consist of thicker elements than tangential components, while the thicknesses of other radial spines are similar to the tangential elements. 11, GSC-125495 (GP26A-12), (40). 14, GSC-125635 (GP25I-2). 15, GSC-125496 (GP25B2-47), (40). 16a, 16b–18,Parechidnina delicata n. sp. 16a, 16b, Holotype, GSC-125497 (GP26C-1), (33.3). 17, GSC-125498 (GP26B-2), (28.5). 18, GSC-125499 (MP36E-1), (33.3), note a large opening (arrow)

Figure 6 —A distance of 6 mm on these photographs is equivalent to the len...

Published: 01 May 2005
Figure 6 —A distance of 6 mm on these photographs is equivalent to the length (in μm) noted in the parentheses. 1a, 1b, Gen. et sp. indet., GSC-125483 (BPN94-14), (40). 2, 4, 8, 9 ?, 13 ?, Parechidnina aspinosa s.l. ( Won and Below, 1999 ), Morphotype 2. 2, GSC-125484 (BS64-1-12), (20). 4
Image
(a–d) Antygopora ordovicica n. gen. n. sp.: (a) PMO 205.718/13, holotype, showing two tests connected by few beams. (b) PMO 205.718/22, outer test with honeycomb surface structure. (c) PMO 205.718/44, specimen with broken outer sphere. (d) PMO 205.717/00, surface of inner sphere with several beams. (e, f ) Beothuka terranovaAitchison, Flood &amp; Malpas, 1998: (e) PMO 205.718/58, typical example. (f ) PMO 205.718/129, broken specimen showing inside and grooved base of spine. (g) Antygopora (?) sp. PMO 205.718/73, specimen with one test bearing large pores with raised rims and about 10–12 spines. Indication of inner beams or spicule is visible on lower left side. (h, j) Parechidnina sp. B: (h) PMO 205.717/188, complete specimen with short spines. (j) PMO 205.717/08, juvenile form? (i) Parechidnina sp. A, PMO 205.718/25, long spine with labyrinthine mesh at base. (k) Palaeospiculum sp., PMO 205.718/28. (l) ?Entactinia sp., PMO 205.718/190, showing ectopically placed spicule with six rays. (m) ?Parechidnina sp., PMO 205.718/107, fragment. (n) Ramuspiculum sp., PMO 205.718/59. (o) PMO 205.717/43, re-crystallized sphere indet.

(a–d) Antygopora ordovicica n. gen. n. sp.: (a) PMO 205.718/13, holotype,...

Published: 01 November 2005
and about 10–12 spines. Indication of inner beams or spicule is visible on lower left side. (h, j) Parechidnina sp. B: (h) PMO 205.717/188, complete specimen with short spines. (j) PMO 205.717/08, juvenile form? (i) Parechidnina sp. A, PMO 205.718/25, long spine with labyrinthine mesh at base. (k
Journal Article

LATE CAMBRIAN RADIOLARIAN FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY OF THE COW HEAD GROUP, WESTERN NEWFOUNDLAND

MUN-ZU WON, WILLIAM J. IAMS
Published: 01 January 2002
Journal of Paleontology (2002) 76 (1): 1–33.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1666/0022-3360(2002)076<0001:LCRFAB>2.0.CO;2
... are of the bottom side of 19 More than the other morphotypes, Morphotype 1 is variable in the absence or presence of a basal layer of the shell wall. The absence or presence of the basal layer has been seen to vary at the species level, e.g., in Parechidnina jamesi n. sp., Spongentactinia inusitata...
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Figure11—A distance of 6 mm on these photographs is equivalent to a length of 40 μm unless otherwise noted in the parenthesis without a measuring unit (μm). Note the relationship between Parechidnina aspinosa s.l. (Won inWon and Below, 1999) and P. jamesi (from 1 to 7 and from 10 to 16), the slightly different characteristics of the elements of meshwork (between 1–7 and 10–16), and also the diversity of spine number and size. 1–2, 15–16, Parechidnina aspinosa s.l. (Won inWon and Below, 1999); 1, GSC-122038(GP6-22); 2, GSC-122039(GP6-30); 15, GSC-122040(BPS1-8), (50); 16, GSC-122041(BPS1-14), (66.6). 3–4, 14, Specimens having characters intermediate between those of P. aspinosa and P. jamesi; 3, GSC-122042(GP7-21); 4, GSC-122043(GP7-19), (40); 14, GSC-122044(BPS1-14), (66.6). 5–13, 17–20, Parechidnina jamesi n. sp.; 5, GSC-122045(GP7-11); 6, GSC-122046(GP14-39); 7, GSC-122047(GP14-7); 8–9, the meshwork structure having characteristics intermediate between meshwork structures observed in P. jamesi and P. aspinosa (between 1–7 and 10–16); 8, GSC-122048(GP7-10); 9, GSC-122049(GP6-17); 10, GSC-122050(BPS1-20), (50); 11, GSC-122051(BPS1-16), (66.6); 12, GSC-122052(BPS1-17), (66.6); 13, GSC-122053(BPS1-12), (66.6); 17, holotype, GSC-122054(BPS4′-8), (50); 18, GSC-122055(BPS4′-11), (50); 19, GSC-122056(BPS1-15), (71.4), loose shell wall structure; 20, GSC-122057(BPS2′-28), the meshwork of the innermost part of the shell is formed by thicker bars than those of the outer part of the shell

Figure 11 —A distance of 6 mm on these photographs is equivalent to a leng...

Published: 01 January 2002
Figure 11 —A distance of 6 mm on these photographs is equivalent to a length of 40 μm unless otherwise noted in the parenthesis without a measuring unit (μm). Note the relationship between Parechidnina aspinosa s.l. (Won in Won and Below, 1999 ) and P. jamesi (from 1 to 7 and from 10
Image
Figure12—A distance of 6 mm on these photographs is equivalent to a length of 40 μm unless otherwise noted in the parenthesis without a measuring unit. From 1 to 14 note the relationship between specimens with or without a basal layer. 1, Parechidnina aspinosa s.l. (Won inWon and Below, 1999), GSC-122058(GP6-28). 2–3, Specimens having characters intermediate between P. aspinosa and P. jamesi; 2, GSC-122059(GP2-5); 3, GSC-122060(GP5-55). 4–14, Parechidnina jamesi n. sp.; 4, GSC-122061(GP5-54); 5, GSC-122062(GP2-12); 6, GSC-122063(GP6-17); 7, GSC-122064(BPS1-5); 8, GSC-122065(BPS1-1); 9, GSC-122066(BPS4′-12); 10, GSC-122067(BPS4′-5); 11–12, GSC-122068(BPS1-7), (50, 18.1), arrow indicates the inward tip of the spine that appears to be multi-furcated; 13–14, GSC-122069(BPS2-12), (50, 20), the innermost part of the shell wall forms a basal layer. 15–16, Echidnina sp., GSC-122070(BPS7-1), (33.3); 15 is an outer surface side and 16 is inner side of a broken specimen. 17–20, Genus et species indet. 1; 17, GSC-122071(GP7-8); 18, GSC-122072(GP8-1); 19–20, GSC-122073(GP4-11), (50), 20 is of the bottom side of the 19

Figure 12 —A distance of 6 mm on these photographs is equivalent to a leng...

Published: 01 January 2002
Figure 12 —A distance of 6 mm on these photographs is equivalent to a length of 40 μm unless otherwise noted in the parenthesis without a measuring unit. From 1 to 14 note the relationship between specimens with or without a basal layer. 1 , Parechidnina aspinosa s.l. (Won in Won
Journal Article

Earliest Arenig Radiolarians from the Cow Head Group, Western Newfoundland

Mun-Zu Won, William J. Iams
Published: 01 January 2011
Journal of Paleontology (2011) 85 (1): 156–177.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1666/10-102.1
...Figure 7. Scale bar equals 50 µm. 1–4, Parechidnina aff. P. aspinosa Won in Won and Below 1999 : 1, GSC 130980; 2, GSC 130981; 3, GSC 130982; 4, GSC 130983; 5–8, Neoaspiculum ? laxum n. sp.; 5, GSC 130984; 6, holotype, GSC 130985; 7, GSC 130986; 8, GSC 130987; 9–13a, b...
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Figure7—A distance of 6 mm on these photographs is equivalent to the length (in μm) noted in the parentheses. 1, 2a, 2b,Aspiculum? angulatum n. sp. 1, GSC-125500 (SP30A-1), (28.5). 2, Holotype, GSC-125501 (SP30B-1), (28.5), single specimen photographed from two different angles. 3, Aspiculumid, gen. and sp. indeterminate 1, GSC-125502 (GP26B-43), (28.5). 4, Aspiculumid. gen. and sp. indeterminate 2, GSC-125503 (SP30C-3), (28.5). 5, 6, Aspiculumid gen. and sp. indeterminate 3. 5, GSC-125504 (BS64D-3), (28.5). 6, GSC-125505 (BS64D-2), (25). 7, Aspiculumid gen. and sp. indeterminate 4, GSC-125506 (BS64D-4), (28.5). 8, 9,Parechidnina sp. A. 8, GSC-125507 (MP36A-16), (33.3), outer part of the shell is not preserved. 9, GSC-125508 (MP36D-7), (25). 10–17a, 17b,Parechidnina nevadensisKozur, Mostler, and Repetski, 1996, Morphotype 1. 10, GSC-125509 (GP26E-9), (28.5). 11, GSC-125510 (GP26A-13), (40). 12, GSC-125511 (GP26A-15), (33.3). 13, GSC-125512 (GP26E-19), (28.5). 14, GSC-125513 (GP26-11-11), (33.3). 15, GSC-125514 (GP26-11-10), (28.5). 16a, 16b, GSC-125515 (BS61-8), (28.5), single specimen photographed from two different angles. In 16b, a large opening (pylome) is evident in this elongated shell. 17a, 17b, GSC-125516 (BS61-7), (28.5), single specimen photographed from two different angles. In 17b, a large opening (pylome) is evident in this elongated shell

Figure 7 —A distance of 6 mm on these photographs is equivalent to the len...

Published: 01 May 2005
. indeterminate 4, GSC-125506 (BS64D-4), (28.5). 8, 9, Parechidnina sp. A. 8, GSC-125507 (MP36A-16), (33.3), outer part of the shell is not preserved. 9, GSC-125508 (MP36D-7), (25). 10–17a, 17b, Parechidnina nevadensis Kozur, Mostler, and Repetski, 1996 , Morphotype 1. 10, GSC-125509 (GP26E-9), (28.5
Image
Radiolarians from the Isograptus victoriae maximodivergens Biozone of western Newfoundland. (a) Antygopora sp., JM 3.43, specimen with numerous blunt-ending beams indicating the presence of a second test and well-developed surface ornamentation. (b) Antygopora ordovicica n. sp., JM 3.68, typical mature specimen. (c) JM 6.19, spherical radiolarian indet. with numerous spines and beams. (d) Antygopora sp., JM 3.8, form without the typical honeycomb structure of A. ordovicica. (e) ?Parechidnina sp., JM 5.59, specimen showing the bar-centred spicule and a loose three-dimensional mesh. (f ) JM 1.5BB, spherical radiolarian indet. with long spines; internal and external beams are visible on the mesh of the outer shell.

Radiolarians from the Isograptus victoriae maximodivergens Biozone of wes...

Published: 01 November 2005
., JM 3.68, typical mature specimen. (c) JM 6.19, spherical radiolarian indet. with numerous spines and beams. (d) Antygopora sp., JM 3.8, form without the typical honeycomb structure of A. ordovicica. (e) ? Parechidnina sp., JM 5.59, specimen showing the bar-centred spicule and a loose three
Image

Table 1 —Abundance of latest Cambrian and early and middle Tremadocian tax...

Published: 01 May 2005
., Palaeospiculum ; Proto ., Protoentactinia ; Parech ., Parechidnina ; M1, M2, M7, Morphotype 1, Morphotype 2, Morphotype 7; p-type, pylomate form; TRA, Tremadocian radiolarian assemblage; L. Camb., latest Cambrian; Assem., assemblage; C. p ., Cordylodus proavus ; R. m ., Rossodus manitouensis
Image
Figure5—A distance of 6 mm on these photographs is equivalent to the length (in μm) noted in the parentheses. 1–4,Parechidnina variospina n. sp. 1, Central position of the basal layer, GSC-122105 (MP36D-3), (50). 2–4, Note the slightly eccentric structure of the shell wall. 2, GSC-122106 (GP26I-1), (50). 3, GSC-122107 (GP26E-17), (33.3). 4, GSC-122108 (GP26B-23), (50). 5–10b,Aspiculum eccentricum n. sp., note the eccentric nature of the shell wall. 5, 6, Weblike shell wall structure; 5, GSC-122109 (MP42B-6), (50), innermost part three-dimensionally interwoven. 6, GSC-122110 (MP42D-5), (50), hollow central cavity within the basal layer. 7, GSC-122111 (MP42F-5), (66.6). 8, 9, Layered shell wall structure; 8, GSC-122112 (MP42B-1), (50), the layered shell wall structure can be partly seen through the broken outermost layer. 9, GSC-122113 (MP42C-2), (58.8), layered shell wall structure is easily observed because the outermost shell layer is not preserved. 10a, 10b, Holotype, GSC-122114 (MP42C-1), (66.6); note variation in meshwork architecture within a single specimen; part of the innermost shell, where the opening is developed, is exposed. 11, 12,Pararcheoentactinia? cowheadensis s.s. n. sp., Morphotype 1. 11, Holotype, GSC-122115 (GP26E-32), (40). 12, GSC-122116 (GP26B-21), (20). 13,Pararcheoentactinia? cowheadensis s.l. n. sp., Morphotype 2, GSC-125477 (BS64B-1), (20). 14–16,Pararcheoentactinia reedae s.s. Won and Iams, 2002, Morphotype 1. 14, GSC-125478 (GP26B-27), (50). 15, GSC-125479 (GP26B-15), (33.3). 16, GSC-125480 (GP26E-29), (28.5), very short spines. 17a, 17b, 18,Pararcheoentactinia reedae s.l. Won and Iams, 2002 Morphotype 7. 17a, 17b, Holotype, GSC-125481 (GP26A-7), (22.2, 8.33), no spinules on the rays. 18, GSC-125482 (GP26A-22), (40)

Figure 5 —A distance of 6 mm on these photographs is equivalent to the len...

Published: 01 May 2005
Figure 5 —A distance of 6 mm on these photographs is equivalent to the length (in μm) noted in the parentheses. 1–4, Parechidnina variospina n. sp. 1, Central position of the basal layer, GSC-122105 (MP36D-3), (50). 2–4, Note the slightly eccentric structure of the shell wall. 2, GSC
Book Chapter

Palaeogeographical distribution of Ordovician Radiolarian occurrences: patterns, significance and limitations

Author(s)
T. Danelian, P. Noble, L. Pouille, J. Maletz
Book: Early Palaeozoic Biogeography and Palaeogeography
Series: Geological Society, London, Memoirs
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Published: 01 January 2013
DOI: 10.1144/M38.25
EISBN: 9781862396425
... ) Parechidnina jamesi ( Won & Iams 2002 ); ( e ) Oriundogutta miscella miscella ( Nazarov, in Nazarov & Popov 1980 ); ( f ) Inanigutta gansuensis ( Wang 1993 ); ( g ) Antygopora bella ( Maletz & Bruton 2007 ); ( h ) Sphaeroentactinia hexaspinosa ( Maletz & Bruton 2007 ); ( i ) Beothuka...
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Abstract
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Abstract Over the past 15 years, significant progress has been achieved in our understanding of Lower Palaeozoic radiolarian faunas. However, description of biogeographical patterns of Ordovician Radiolaria is hampered by the paucity of known occurrences as well as possible taphonomic influences. The distribution of all known assemblages is analysed in time and space. Lower Ordovician (especially Tremadocian) Radiolaria are known from two distinct tropical localities of Laurentia. Geographical coverage is much better for the Middle Ordovician (Darriwilian). However, data are concentrated in tropical palaeolatitudes (between 30°N and 30°S). The absence of data from mid/high-latitude localities limits any biogeographical insights. In addition to this there are taphonomic and taxonomic biases. Data are also sparse for the Upper Ordovician. However, comparison between Australian and Nevadan material of Katian age shows strong similarities, suggesting the presence of a coherent tropical radiolarian bioprovince, as in the modern ocean.