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Journal Article

Real‐Time Earthquake Detection and Alerting Behavior of PLUM Ground‐Motion‐Based Early Warning in the United States Available to Purchase

Jessie K. Saunders, Sarah E. Minson, Annemarie S. Baltay, Julian J. Bunn, Elizabeth S. Cochran, Deborah L. Kilb, Colin T. O’Rourke, Mitsuyuki Hoshiba, Yuki Kodera
Published: 28 July 2022
Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (2022) 112 (5): 2668–2688.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1785/0120220022
...Jessie K. Saunders; Sarah E. Minson; Annemarie S. Baltay; Julian J. Bunn; Elizabeth S. Cochran; Deborah L. Kilb; Colin T. O’Rourke; Mitsuyuki Hoshiba; Yuki Kodera ABSTRACT We examine the real‐time earthquake detection and alerting behavior of the Propagation of Local Undamped Motion (PLUM...
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View PDF for article title, Real‐Time Earthquake Detection and Alerting Behavior of <span class="search-highlight">PLUM</span> Ground‐Motion‐Based Early Warning in the United States
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Journal Article

Alert Optimization of the PLUM Earthquake Early Warning Algorithm for the Western United States Available to Purchase

Elizabeth S. Cochran, Jessie K. Saunders, Sarah E. Minson, Julian Bunn, Annemarie Baltay, Debi Kilb, Colin O’Rourke, Mitsuyuki Hoshiba, Yuki Kodera
Published: 11 January 2022
Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (2022) 112 (2): 803–819.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1785/0120210259
...Elizabeth S. Cochran; Jessie K. Saunders; Sarah E. Minson; Julian Bunn; Annemarie Baltay; Debi Kilb; Colin O’Rourke; Mitsuyuki Hoshiba; Yuki Kodera ABSTRACT We determine an optimal alerting configuration for the propagation of local undamped motion (PLUM) earthquake early warning (EEW) algorithm...
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View PDF for article title, Alert Optimization of the <span class="search-highlight">PLUM</span> Earthquake Early Warning Algorithm for the Western United States
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Journal Article

Real‐Time Performance of the PLUM Earthquake Early Warning Method during the 2019 M 6.4 and 7.1 Ridgecrest, California, Earthquakes Available to Purchase

Sarah E. Minson, Jessie K. Saunders, Julian J. Bunn, Elizabeth S. Cochran, Annemarie S. Baltay, Deborah L. Kilb, Mitsuyuki Hoshiba, Yuki Kodera
Published: 16 June 2020
Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (2020) 110 (4): 1887–1903.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1785/0120200021
... earthquakes. In 2018, we began retrospective and internal real‐time testing of the propagation of local undamped motion (PLUM) method for earthquake warning in California, Oregon, and Washington, with the potential that PLUM might one day be included in the ShakeAlert EEW system. A real‐time version of PLUM...
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View PDF for article title, Real‐Time Performance of the <span class="search-highlight">PLUM</span> Earthquake Early Warning Method during the 2019 M 6.4 and 7.1 Ridgecrest, California, Earthquakes
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Journal Article

Event Detection Performance of the PLUM Earthquake Early Warning Algorithm in Southern California Available to Purchase

Elizabeth S. Cochran, Julian Bunn, Sarah E. Minson, Annemarie S. Baltay, Deborah L. Kilb, Yuki Kodera, Mitsuyuki Hoshiba
Published: 18 June 2019
Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (2019) 109 (4): 1524–1541.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1785/0120180326
...Elizabeth S. Cochran; Julian Bunn; Sarah E. Minson; Annemarie S. Baltay; Deborah L. Kilb; Yuki Kodera; Mitsuyuki Hoshiba Abstract We test the Japanese ground‐motion‐based earthquake early warning (EEW) algorithm, propagation of local undamped motion (PLUM), in southern California with application...
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View PDF for article title, Event Detection Performance of the <span class="search-highlight">PLUM</span> Earthquake Early Warning Algorithm in Southern California
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Journal Article

Preglacial paleotopography at the eastern terminus of the Plum River Fault Zone, Ogle County, Illinois Available to Purchase

Matthew L. Rhoads, David H. Malone
Published: 01 September 2018
Environmental Geosciences (2018) 25 (3): 101–119.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1306/eg.06181817016
...Matthew L. Rhoads; David H. Malone ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to deconstruct the relationship between the Leaf River anticline and the preglacial bedrock paleotopography at the eastern terminus of the Plum River Fault Zone in Ogle County, Illinois, using a geostatistical approach...
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View PDF for article title, Preglacial paleotopography at the eastern terminus of the <span class="search-highlight">Plum</span> River Fault Zone, Ogle County, Illinois
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Journal Article

The Propagation of Local Undamped Motion (PLUM) Method: A Simple and Robust Seismic Wavefield Estimation Approach for Earthquake Early Warning Available to Purchase

Yuki Kodera, Yasuyuki Yamada, Kazuyuki Hirano, Koji Tamaribuchi, Shimpei Adachi, Naoki Hayashimoto, Masahiko Morimoto, Masaki Nakamura, Mitsuyuki Hoshiba
Published: 23 January 2018
Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (2018) 108 (2): 983–1003.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1785/0120170085
... faults, (2) missing earthquakes during intense seismic activities, and (3) overprediction of the strong motion of multiple simultaneous earthquakes. We propose the propagation of local undamped motion (PLUM) method to address these technical challenges. The PLUM method is a simple wavefield‐estimation...
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View PDF for article title, The Propagation of Local Undamped Motion (<span class="search-highlight">PLUM</span>) Method: A Simple and Robust Seismic Wavefield Estimation Approach for Earthquake Early Warning
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Journal Article

Conodonts from the Middle Devonian Plum Brook Shale of north-central Ohio Free

Dale R. Sparling
Published: 01 November 1995
Journal of Paleontology (1995) 69 (6): 1123–1139.
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Journal Article

Landward migration of barrier island sands under stable sea level conditions; Plum Island, Massachusetts; discussion and replies Available to Purchase

A. C. Hine, C. H. Hobbs, J. R. Jones, C. Cameron
Published: 01 March 1979
Journal of Sedimentary Research (1979) 49 (1): 323–333.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1306/212F7734-2B24-11D7-8648000102C1865D
View PDF for article title, Landward migration of barrier island sands under stable sea level conditions; <span class="search-highlight">Plum</span> Island, Massachusetts; discussion and replies
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Journal Article

Landward migration of barrier island sands under stable sea level conditions; Plum Island, Massachusetts Available to Purchase

J. R. Jones, B. Cameron
Published: 01 December 1977
Journal of Sedimentary Research (1977) 47 (4): 1475–1483.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1306/212F7397-2B24-11D7-8648000102C1865D
...J. R. Jones; B. Cameron Abstract The origin and development of barrier islands systems has received much attention during the last decade as marine scientists have become more concerned with coastal environments. Plum Island, part of a barrier island system located off the northeastern coast...
View PDF for article title, Landward migration of barrier island sands under stable sea level conditions; <span class="search-highlight">Plum</span> Island, Massachusetts
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Journal Article

The Plum Point Interstadial: Age, Climate, and Subdivision Free

Nils-Axel Mörner
Published: 01 November 1971
Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (1971) 8 (11): 1423–1431.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/e71-131
...Nils-Axel Mörner Abstract Plum Point Interstadial deposits in Scarborough Bluffs, Toronto, include a layer of unvarved sandy sediments, which indicates relative low lake level, with the ice margin some distance away, probably north of the Ontario basin proper. Radiocarbon dates above and below...
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Journal Article

Ostracoda of the Plum Brook shale, Erie County, Ohio Free

Grace Anne Stewart, William Edwin Hendrix
Published: 01 March 1945
Journal of Paleontology (1945) 19 (2): 87–95.
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Journal Article

Fauna and stratigraphic relations of the Prout limestone and Plum Brook shale of northern Ohio Free

Erwin Charles Stumm
Published: 01 September 1942
Journal of Paleontology (1942) 16 (5): 549–563.
Add to Citation Manager for Fauna and stratigraphic relations of the Prout limestone and <span class="search-highlight">Plum</span> Brook shale of northern Ohio
Image
Flowchart of the NZ‐PLUM and NZ‐PLUM‐P algorithms’ operational architecture for a single observation station during a three‐second time window. The color version of this figure is available only in the electronic edition.

Flowchart of the NZ‐PLUM and NZ‐PLUM‐P algorithms’ operational architecture... Available to Purchase

Published: 08 May 2025
Figure 3. Flowchart of the NZ‐PLUM and NZ‐PLUM‐P algorithms’ operational architecture for a single observation station during a three‐second time window. The color version of this figure is available only in the electronic edition.
Journal Article

Zeolites and other hydrothermal alteration products of synthetic glasses Available to Purchase

Gerburg Larsen, Karl H. Plum, Hansgeorg Foerster
Published: 01 December 1991
European Journal of Mineralogy (1991) 3 (6): 933–941.
...Gerburg Larsen; Karl H. Plum; Hansgeorg Foerster GeoRef, Copyright 2008, American Geological Institute. Reference includes data from Geoline, Bundesanstalt fur Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, Hanover, Germany 1991 ...
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Journal Article

Performance Evaluation of a Community‐Engaged Low‐Cost Earthquake Early Warning System for Aotearoa New Zealand Available to Purchase

Chanthujan Chandrakumar, Marion Lara Tan, Caroline Holden, Max Stephens, Raj Prasanna
Published: 08 May 2025
Seismological Research Letters (2025)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1785/0220240364
...Figure 3. Flowchart of the NZ‐PLUM and NZ‐PLUM‐P algorithms’ operational architecture for a single observation station during a three‐second time window. The color version of this figure is available only in the electronic edition. ...
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View PDF for article title, Performance Evaluation of a Community‐Engaged Low‐Cost Earthquake Early Warning System for Aotearoa New Zealand
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Early Publication
Includes: Supplemental Content
Image
Stations first triggered (shown as red triangles) during the 23 May 2024 M 3.9 earthquake: (a) using the NZ‐PLUM algorithm and (b) using the NZ‐PLUM‐P algorithm. The color version of this figure is available only in the electronic edition.

Stations first triggered (shown as red triangles) during the 23 May 2024 M... Available to Purchase

Published: 08 May 2025
Figure 6. Stations first triggered (shown as red triangles) during the 23 May 2024 M  3.9 earthquake: (a) using the NZ‐PLUM algorithm and (b) using the NZ‐PLUM‐P algorithm. The color version of this figure is available only in the electronic edition.
Image
Stations first triggered (shown as red triangles) during the 3 June 2024 M 4.1 earthquake: (a) using the NZ‐PLUM algorithm and (b) using the NZ‐PLUM-P algorithm. The color version of this figure is available only in the electronic edition.

Stations first triggered (shown as red triangles) during the 3 June 2024 M... Available to Purchase

Published: 08 May 2025
Figure 7. Stations first triggered (shown as red triangles) during the 3 June 2024 M  4.1 earthquake: (a) using the NZ‐PLUM algorithm and (b) using the NZ‐PLUM-P algorithm. The color version of this figure is available only in the electronic edition.
Image
Stations first triggered (shown as red triangles) during the 6 July 2024 M 4.0 earthquake: (a) using the NZ‐PLUM algorithm and (b) using the NZ‐PLUM-P algorithm. The color version of this figure is available only in the electronic edition.

Stations first triggered (shown as red triangles) during the 6 July 2024 M... Available to Purchase

Published: 08 May 2025
Figure 8. Stations first triggered (shown as red triangles) during the 6 July 2024 M  4.0 earthquake: (a) using the NZ‐PLUM algorithm and (b) using the NZ‐PLUM-P algorithm. The color version of this figure is available only in the electronic edition.
Image
Overview of the propagation of local undamped motion (PLUM): the illustration of the PLUM algorithm’s operation demonstrating intensity prediction equation for a prediction point based on observations from peripheral stations (adapted from Kodera, 2018). The color version of this figure is available only in the electronic edition.

Overview of the propagation of local undamped motion (PLUM): the illustrati... Available to Purchase

Published: 08 May 2025
Figure 2. Overview of the propagation of local undamped motion (PLUM): the illustration of the PLUM algorithm’s operation demonstrating intensity prediction equation for a prediction point based on observations from peripheral stations (adapted from Kodera, 2018 ). The color version
Image
Real‐time MMI time series for two M 4.1 earthquakes during the Calipatria earthquake swarm event near the Salton Sea in southern California that demonstrate different PLUM alerting behavior. PLUM calculates the maximum observed MMI every second from real‐time velocity and acceleration data streams. (a) MMI time series for the 5 June 2021 M 4.1 earthquake that PLUM detected and generated an alert for MMI 4.0+ shaking. (b) MMI time series for the 7 June 2021 M 4.1 earthquake that PLUM detected but did not generate an alert for MMI 4.0+ shaking. In both the plots, the vertical solid line indicates the time relative to earthquake origin when MMI 4.0+ shaking is first observed. The vertical dashed line indicates the time when MMI 3.0+ shaking is observed at a neighboring station, which is when the PLUM event detection is confirmed and when alert regions start to be determined from the PLUM MMI prediction grid.

Real‐time MMI time series for two M  4.1 earthquakes during the Calipatria... Available to Purchase

Published: 28 July 2022
Figure 3. Real‐time MMI time series for two M  4.1 earthquakes during the Calipatria earthquake swarm event near the Salton Sea in southern California that demonstrate different PLUM alerting behavior. PLUM calculates the maximum observed MMI every second from real‐time velocity and acceleration