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![Stratigraphic column of the studied sandstones in the Niuzhuang Sag.]()
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![Paragenetic sequence of cementation of the investigated Eocene turbidite sandstones from Niuzhuang sag. The overpressure evolution pattern is from Cai et al. (2009). C1 = early calcite; C2 = postankerite calcite; Qz-Ovg = quartz overgrowth.]()
![Location maps of the study area showing (A) the subtectonic units of the Bohai Bay Basin and (B) structural features of the Dongying depression. Map (B) shows the location of well NY1 (Niuzhuang sag) from which data were used to reconstruct the burial history of Dongying depression (see Figure 3). N = Niu; NY = Niuye.]()
![The C29ααα20S/(20S + 20R) versus C29ββ/(ββ + αα) sterane ratios for crude oil and source rock (SR) samples from the surrounding Niuzhuang sag of the Dongying depression. Ratio symbols and values are described in Tables 1 and 4. Wx128 is oil sample name (Table 2). Es = Shahejie Formation.]()
![A diagram of fluid-flow pattern, and evolution of turbidite sandstone diagenesis in Niuzhuang sag. (A) Compaction flow dominated during initial subsidence, as sediments were significantly compacted, and early calcite (C1) precipitated in sandstones. (B) Focus flow dominated during uplift period; ankerite (Ak) precipitated from the upwelling fluid. (C) Convection flow dominated during second subsidence, and postankerite calcite (C2) precipitated from the pore water. Es3x = lower part of the third member of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation; Es3z = middle part of the third member of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation; Es4s = upper part of the fourth member of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation; Es4x = lower part of the fourth member of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation; Qtz = quartz; Qz-ovg = quartz overgrowth.]()
![Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) identifies 4 genetically distinct oil families recovered from the surrounding Niuzhuang sag of the Dongying depression using 3 isotope ratios and 12 selected source- or depositional environment–related molecular parameters (Table 4). Analytical repeatability (dashed line) is based on three samples with similar depth (M4-10-19, M12-6-7, and M14-2-3) recovered from the Bamianhe oil field (Figure 1; Table 2). Inferred source rocks for families by oil–source rock correlation and geological setting of the Dongying depression are discussed in the main text. HCA settings (pirouette): preprocessing = autoscale; distance = Euclidean; linkage method = incremental; orientation = sample; and transforms = none. Sample names are in Table 2. Es = Shahejie Formation.]()
![Microsection sample of typical source rocks in the Niuzhuang Sub-sag. (a) NY1-24, 3295.05 m, lower Es3, taupe laminae calcareous mudstone, plane-polarized light, ×500, (b) NY1-12, 3433.13 m, upper Es4, brown oil shale, plane-polarized light, ×500, (c) NY1-9, 3468.65 m, upper Es4, brown oil shale, plane-polarized light, ×100, and (d) NY1-4, 3484.58 m, upper Es4, gray to cream mudstone, plane-polarized light, ×500.]()
![Comprehensive column of well W7 in Niuzhuang Sub-sag. The lithology with oil and gas shown in the comprehensive column is predominantly sandy shale and silty mudstone (or argillaceous siltstone). The well-log characteristics include RT, low SP, and low AC. Most of the anomalous points of the hydrocarbon index (S1/TOC) in Figure 10 are in the oil and gas show section in well W7.]()
![Microsection sample of typical source rocks in the Niuzhuang Sub-sag. (a) NY1-24, 3295.05 m, lower Es3, taupe laminae calcareous mudstone, fluorescence, ×500, (b) NY1-12, 3433.13 m, upper Es4, brown oil shale, fluorescence, ×500, (c) NY1-9, 3468.65 m, upper Es4, brown oil shale, fluorescence, ×100, and (d) NY1-4, 3484.58 m, upper Es4, gray to cream mudstone, fluorescence, ×500.]()
![(a) Geologic setting of the Bohai Bay Basin in eastern China. The Dongying Sag is denoted by the black rectangle. (b) Tectonic setting of wells NY1 and W7 in the Niuzhuang Sub-sag, Dongying Sag (modified from Zhang et al., 2016).]()
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![(A) Location map of the Dongying (DY) sag showing subunits of the Bohai Bay Basin. (B) Structural map of the DY sag. The sag is subdivided into four subsags as the Minfeng, Lijin, Niuzhuang, and Boxing subsags (Guo et al., 2010) (used with permission of AAPG). It is subdivided into five secondary tectonic zones from north to south, namely the northern steep slope zone, northern sag zone, central anticline zone, southern sag zone, and southern gentle slope zone. The Shengtuo area in the dashed line is the study area of this paper. (C) The north–south cross section (PP′) of the DY sag showing various tectonic structural zones and key stratigraphic intervals.]()
![Geochemical profile of the lower Es3 and upper Es4 members in the Niuzhuang Sub-sag. In this profile, we use S1/TOC and S1/(S1+S2) to characterize the hydrocarbon generation and evolution processes.]()
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![The Tmax-HI classification chart of the source rocks in the Niuzhuang Sub-sag. In this chart, 51 samples from the lower Es3 and upper Es4 members were selected to describe the organic type. Four samples (samples A to D) were selected to observe the thin slices and analyze the characteristics of hydrocarbon activation energy.]()
![Percentage column of the different organic matter types of the lower Es3 and upper Es4 members in the Niuzhuang Sub-sag. The statistics on the organic matter types of the lower Es3 and upper Es4 source rock samples show that the proportion of type I–II1 organic matter in the lower Es3 member is nearly 100%, and the proportion of type I–II1 organic matter in the upper Es4 member is nearly 76%.]()
1-20 OF 48 RESULTS FOR
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Journal Article
Origin of multiple-phase carbonate cements in the sandstones of the third member of the Shahejie Formation in the Niuzhuang Sag, Bohai Bay Basin
Journal: Interpretation
Publisher: Society of Exploration Geophysicists
Published: 10 June 2020
Interpretation (2020) 8 (3): SM83–SM101.
..., we carried out petrological and geochemical analyses on the carbonate cements and tried to investigate their origins and evolution. We selected the sandstones of the third member of the Shahejie Formation as a potential target for hydrocarbon exploration in Niuzhuang Sag (Bohai Bay Basin, China...
FIGURES
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Journal Article
Chemometric identification of crude oil families and deconvolution of mixtures in the surrounding Niuzhuang sag, Bohai Bay Basin, China
Journal: AAPG Bulletin
Publisher: American Association of Petroleum Geologists
Published: 15 April 2020
AAPG Bulletin (2020) 104 (4): 863–885.
...Zhao-Wen Zhan; Xiao-Hui Lin; Yan-Rong Zou; Zheng Li; Ping’an Peng ABSTRACT A total of 46 crude oil samples recovered from the surrounding Niuzhuang sag were investigated to gain insight into the petroleum systems in the Dongying depression. Chemometrics identified four genetically distinct oil...
FIGURES
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Journal Article
Hydrocarbon generation and evolution of the source rocks of the lower Es3 and upper Es4 members of the Shahejie Formation in the Niuzhuang Sub-sag, Jiyang Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, eastern China
Journal: Interpretation
Publisher: Society of Exploration Geophysicists
Published: 20 September 2018
Interpretation (2018) 6 (4): SN11–SN21.
...Zhenkai Huang; Maowen Li; Quanyou Liu; Xiaomin Xie; Peng Liu; Tingting Cao; Qigui Jiang; Zhiming Li Abstract Systematic organic petrology and geochemistry analyses have been conducted in the source rocks of the lower Es3 and upper Es4 members of the Shahejie Formation in the Niuzhuang Sub-sag...
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Image
Stratigraphic column of the studied sandstones in the Niuzhuang Sag.
in Origin of multiple-phase carbonate cements in the sandstones of the third member of the Shahejie Formation in the Niuzhuang Sag, Bohai Bay Basin
> Interpretation
Published: 10 June 2020
Figure 2. Stratigraphic column of the studied sandstones in the Niuzhuang Sag.
Journal Article
Carbonate cements in Eocene turbidite sandstones, Dongying depression, Bohai Bay Basin: Origin, distribution, and effect on reservoir properties
Journal: AAPG Bulletin
Publisher: American Association of Petroleum Geologists
Published: 01 January 2022
AAPG Bulletin (2022) 106 (1): 209–240.
...Guoqiang Luan; Karem Azmy; Chunmei Dong; Chengyan Lin; Lihua Ren; Changying Shi ABSTRACT Diagenetic carbonate cements occur throughout Eocene turbidite lithic arkose in Niuzhuang sag, eastern China, displaying as sporadical siderite, dolomite, calcite 1, and massive ankerite and calcite 2...
FIGURES
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Image
Paragenetic sequence of cementation of the investigated Eocene turbidite sa...
in Carbonate cements in Eocene turbidite sandstones, Dongying depression, Bohai Bay Basin: Origin, distribution, and effect on reservoir properties
> AAPG Bulletin
Published: 01 January 2022
Figure 16. Paragenetic sequence of cementation of the investigated Eocene turbidite sandstones from Niuzhuang sag. The overpressure evolution pattern is from Cai et al. (2009 ). C1 = early calcite; C2 = postankerite calcite; Qz-Ovg = quartz overgrowth.
Image
Location maps of the study area showing (A) the subtectonic units of the Bo...
in Carbonate cements in Eocene turbidite sandstones, Dongying depression, Bohai Bay Basin: Origin, distribution, and effect on reservoir properties
> AAPG Bulletin
Published: 01 January 2022
Figure 1. Location maps of the study area showing (A) the subtectonic units of the Bohai Bay Basin and (B) structural features of the Dongying depression. Map (B) shows the location of well NY1 (Niuzhuang sag) from which data were used to reconstruct the burial history of Dongying depression (see
Image
The C 29 ααα20S/(20S + 20R) versus C 29 ββ/(ββ + αα) sterane ratios for cru...
in Chemometric identification of crude oil families and deconvolution of mixtures in the surrounding Niuzhuang sag, Bohai Bay Basin, China
> AAPG Bulletin
Published: 15 April 2020
Figure 10. The C 29 ααα20S/(20S + 20R) versus C 29 ββ/(ββ + αα) sterane ratios for crude oil and source rock (SR) samples from the surrounding Niuzhuang sag of the Dongying depression. Ratio symbols and values are described in Tables 1 and 4 . Wx128 is oil sample name ( Table 2 ). Es
Image
A diagram of fluid-flow pattern, and evolution of turbidite sandstone diage...
in Carbonate cements in Eocene turbidite sandstones, Dongying depression, Bohai Bay Basin: Origin, distribution, and effect on reservoir properties
> AAPG Bulletin
Published: 01 January 2022
Figure 18. A diagram of fluid-flow pattern, and evolution of turbidite sandstone diagenesis in Niuzhuang sag. (A) Compaction flow dominated during initial subsidence, as sediments were significantly compacted, and early calcite (C1) precipitated in sandstones. (B) Focus flow dominated during
Image
Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) identifies 4 genetically distinct oil f...
in Chemometric identification of crude oil families and deconvolution of mixtures in the surrounding Niuzhuang sag, Bohai Bay Basin, China
> AAPG Bulletin
Published: 15 April 2020
Figure 5. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) identifies 4 genetically distinct oil families recovered from the surrounding Niuzhuang sag of the Dongying depression using 3 isotope ratios and 12 selected source- or depositional environment–related molecular parameters ( Table 4 ). Analytical
Image
Microsection sample of typical source rocks in the Niuzhuang Sub-sag. (a) N...
in Hydrocarbon generation and evolution of the source rocks of the lower Es3 and upper Es4 members of the Shahejie Formation in the Niuzhuang Sub-sag, Jiyang Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, eastern China
> Interpretation
Published: 20 September 2018
Figure 6. Microsection sample of typical source rocks in the Niuzhuang Sub-sag. (a) NY1-24, 3295.05 m, lower Es3, taupe laminae calcareous mudstone, plane-polarized light, × 500 , (b) NY1-12, 3433.13 m, upper Es4, brown oil shale, plane-polarized light, × 500 , (c) NY1-9, 3468.65
Image
Comprehensive column of well W7 in Niuzhuang Sub-sag. The lithology with oi...
in Hydrocarbon generation and evolution of the source rocks of the lower Es3 and upper Es4 members of the Shahejie Formation in the Niuzhuang Sub-sag, Jiyang Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, eastern China
> Interpretation
Published: 20 September 2018
Figure 11. Comprehensive column of well W7 in Niuzhuang Sub-sag. The lithology with oil and gas shown in the comprehensive column is predominantly sandy shale and silty mudstone (or argillaceous siltstone). The well-log characteristics include RT, low SP, and low AC. Most of the anomalous points
Image
Microsection sample of typical source rocks in the Niuzhuang Sub-sag. (a) N...
in Hydrocarbon generation and evolution of the source rocks of the lower Es3 and upper Es4 members of the Shahejie Formation in the Niuzhuang Sub-sag, Jiyang Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, eastern China
> Interpretation
Published: 20 September 2018
Figure 7. Microsection sample of typical source rocks in the Niuzhuang Sub-sag. (a) NY1-24, 3295.05 m, lower Es3, taupe laminae calcareous mudstone, fluorescence, × 500 , (b) NY1-12, 3433.13 m, upper Es4, brown oil shale, fluorescence, × 500 , (c) NY1-9, 3468.65 m, upper Es4
Image
(a) Geologic setting of the Bohai Bay Basin in eastern China. The Dongying ...
in Hydrocarbon generation and evolution of the source rocks of the lower Es3 and upper Es4 members of the Shahejie Formation in the Niuzhuang Sub-sag, Jiyang Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, eastern China
> Interpretation
Published: 20 September 2018
Figure 1. (a) Geologic setting of the Bohai Bay Basin in eastern China. The Dongying Sag is denoted by the black rectangle. (b) Tectonic setting of wells NY1 and W7 in the Niuzhuang Sub-sag, Dongying Sag (modified from Zhang et al., 2016 ).
Journal Article
Seismic attribute analysis with a combination of convolutional autoencoder and random forest in a turbidite reservoir
Journal: Geophysics
Publisher: Society of Exploration Geophysicists
Published: 04 December 2023
Geophysics (2024) 89 (1): WA207–WA217.
... and evolution of the source rocks of the lower Es3 and upper Es4 members of the Shahejie Formation in the Niuzhuang Sub-sag, Jiyang Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, eastern China : Interpretation , 6 , no. 4 , SN11 – SN21 , doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2018-0013.1 . Kim Y. Hardisty R...
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Image
(A) Location map of the Dongying (DY) sag showing subunits of the Bohai Bay...
in Feldspar dissolution, authigenic clays, and quartz cements in open and closed sandstone geochemical systems during diagenesis: Typical examples from two sags in Bohai Bay Basin, East China
> AAPG Bulletin
Published: 01 November 2015
Figure 4 (A) Location map of the Dongying (DY) sag showing subunits of the Bohai Bay Basin. (B) Structural map of the DY sag. The sag is subdivided into four subsags as the Minfeng, Lijin, Niuzhuang, and Boxing subsags ( Guo et al., 2010 ) (used with permission of AAPG). It is subdivided
Image
Geochemical profile of the lower Es3 and upper Es4 members in the Niuzhuang...
in Hydrocarbon generation and evolution of the source rocks of the lower Es3 and upper Es4 members of the Shahejie Formation in the Niuzhuang Sub-sag, Jiyang Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, eastern China
> Interpretation
Published: 20 September 2018
Figure 10. Geochemical profile of the lower Es3 and upper Es4 members in the Niuzhuang Sub-sag. In this profile, we use S 1 / TOC and S 1 / ( S 1 + S 2 ) to characterize the hydrocarbon generation and evolution processes.
Journal Article
Quantitatively predicting the thermal maturity of oil trapped in fluid inclusions based on fluorescence and molecular geochemical data of oil inclusions in the Dongying depression, Bohai Bay Basin, China
Journal: AAPG Bulletin
Publisher: American Association of Petroleum Geologists
Published: 15 August 2020
AAPG Bulletin (2020) 104 (8): 1751–1791.
... ). Nineteen sandstone samples came from 15 wells from oil reservoirs in the Niuzhuang sag and its southern slope zone (see the well locations in Figure 1B ). The crude oils in the Niuzhuang sag and its southern slope zone have relatively low thermal maturity and were mainly sourced from the Es 4 U source...
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Image
The T max -HI classification chart of the source rocks in the Niu...
in Hydrocarbon generation and evolution of the source rocks of the lower Es3 and upper Es4 members of the Shahejie Formation in the Niuzhuang Sub-sag, Jiyang Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, eastern China
> Interpretation
Published: 20 September 2018
Figure 5. The T max -HI classification chart of the source rocks in the Niuzhuang Sub-sag. In this chart, 51 samples from the lower Es3 and upper Es4 members were selected to describe the organic type. Four samples (samples A to D) were selected to observe the thin slices and analyze
Image
Percentage column of the different organic matter types of the lower Es3 an...
in Hydrocarbon generation and evolution of the source rocks of the lower Es3 and upper Es4 members of the Shahejie Formation in the Niuzhuang Sub-sag, Jiyang Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, eastern China
> Interpretation
Published: 20 September 2018
Figure 9. Percentage column of the different organic matter types of the lower Es3 and upper Es4 members in the Niuzhuang Sub-sag. The statistics on the organic matter types of the lower Es3 and upper Es4 source rock samples show that the proportion of type I–II 1 organic matter in the lower Es3
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