...John E. Storer Abstract Neohipparion sp. from the Flaxville Gravel of Sheridan County, northern Montana, compares well with late Hemphillian species of Neohipparion in height of crown, shape of protocone, and development of pli caballin. A late Hemphillian age conflicts with the Barstovian...

...FIG. 1. — Neohipparion gidleyi Merriam, natural size, Petaluma formation, late Hemphillian. a. M 3 ¯ , holotype, well worn, occlusal-lingual and labial views, No. 21382. b. M 3 ¯ , paratype, heavily worn, occlusal and lingual views, No. 2251. c - d . Lower premolars...

... of Amphicyon, Pliohippus, Neohipparion, Procamelus, Blickotherium, and an indeterminate cervid, appears to be lower Pliocene in age. Horses are the most important element, and it is mainly on the basis of these forms that the age determination has been made. A small flora, associated with the mammalian fauna...

..., on the early identifications of fossil vertebrates from the Coalinga area in California, and in part on the percentage methods as applied to the invertebrates. The horse teeth, Neohipparion molle Merriam, from the Jacalitos, which were used to mark the beginning of Pliocene time on the Pacific Coast, we now...

... ( Martin, 1975 ), insectivores ( Bown, 1980 ), several carnivores ( Epicyon sp., Vulpes sp., and Nimravides sp.), a probocidean (Gomphotheriidae indet.), rhinoceroses ( Aphelops sp. and Teleoceras sp.), horses ( Calippus sp., Nannippus sp., Neohipparion sp., and Pliohippus sp.), camels...

... fauna, considered to be late Hemphillian (Hh3), based on the abundance of the equids Nannippus aztecus Mooser, 1968 ; Neohipparion eurystyle (Cope, 1893 ); and Dinohippus mexicanus Lance, 1950 ; along with limited remains of Astrohippus stockii Lance, 1950 ; Teleoceras fossiger (Cope...

... and ecological change. In this article, we use equid diet as an indicator of the presence of C 4 biomass in an ecosystem. Modern equids are known to graze, and all late Hemphillian and younger equid genera that have been isotopically analyzed ( Pseudhipparion , Neohipparion , Nannippus , Cormohipparion...

... significant relationships exist. Genus Age n Ρ p Odocoileus Modern 5 0.45 0.45 Astrohippus Hh4 49 0.16 0.27 Dinohippus Hh4 56 0.43 0.0011 Neohipparion Hh4 27 0.30 0.13 Pliohippus Hh2 10 −0.12 0.74 Hipparion Cl3 43 0.036 0.82...

... = “ Merychippus ” insignis ; mio = Miohippus ; mp = “ Merychippus ” primus ; na = Nannippus ; ne = Neohipparion ; on = Onohippidium ; or = Orohippus ; pc = “ Parahippus “ cognatus ; pl = “ P .” leonensis ; pr = Protohippus . ...

... km upstream from Odem (Cornish and Baskin, 1995 ). In addition, the terrace fill sequence has yielded early Pliocene (latest Hemphillian) horses, including Astrohippus , Nannippus , and Neohipparion , clearly indicating a time-averaged fauna. Despite the lack of obvious abrasion, these horses...

... cerasinus ; E, Calippus elachistus ; F, Cormohipparion ingenuum ; G, Cormohipparion plicatile ; H, Nannippus westoni ; I, Neohipparion trampasense ; J, Protohippus gidleyi ; K, Pseudhipparion skinneri ; L, Gomphotherium sp.; M, Aphelops malacorhinus ; N, Teleoceras proterum ; O, Tapirus simpsoni . ...

...) located clusters that were interpreted as cohorts in the equid ( Neohipparion ) assemblage from the LBB and discussed why they might exist in this assemblage. The apparent cohorts of the LBB Teleoceras assemblage indicate that the dp3 was shed sometime after the fourth year, and the dp4 was shed...

... of the three-toed horse Neohipparion from the late Miocene of Florida : Paleobiology , 8 . 159 – 167 . Ibrahim , J. G. , Chen , M-H. , and Sinha , D. , 2001 , Bayesian survival analysis , Springer New York . Kohler , I. V. , Preston , S. H. , and Lackey , L. B...