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Nabi Musa

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Journal Article

Gas reservoirs in the Dead Sea area: evidence from chemistry of combustion metamorphic rocks in Nabi Musa fossil mud volcano Available to Purchase

E.V. Sokol, O.A. Kozmenko, S.N. Kokh, Ye. Vapnik
Published: 01 August 2012
Russ. Geol. Geophys. (2012) 53 (8): 745–762.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rgg.2012.06.003
...E.V. Sokol; O.A. Kozmenko; S.N. Kokh; Ye. Vapnik Abstract Nabi Musa located at the northern tip of the Dead Sea at 31°48′ N, 35°25′ E is one of fifteen complexes of the Hatrurim Formation or the so-called “Mottled Zone” (MZ) which are fossil mud volcanoes. Self ignition of methane during...
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View PDF for article title, Gas reservoirs in the Dead Sea area: evidence from chemistry of combustion metamorphic rocks in <span class="search-highlight">Nabi</span> <span class="search-highlight">Musa</span> fossil mud volcano
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Journal Article

Chromatite and its Cr 3+ - and Cr 6+ -bearing precursor minerals from the Nabi Musa Mottled Zone complex, Judean Desert Available to Purchase

Ella V. Sokol, Olga L. Gaskova, Svetlana N. Kokh, Olga A. Kozmenko, Yuri V. Seryotkin, Yevgeny Vapnik, Michail N. Murashko
Published: 01 April 2011
American Mineralogist (2011) 96 (4): 659–674.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2138/am.2011.3487
... at the Nabi Musa locality (Judean Desert, Israel), in a peculiar rock complex of the Mottled Zone. We have explored the possible mechanisms responsible for leaching Cr 6+ from natural rocks, by means of field observations, batch experiments, thermodynamic modeling, and mineralogical analyses of the Nabi Musa...
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View PDF for article title, Chromatite and its Cr 3+ - and Cr 6+ -bearing precursor minerals from the <span class="search-highlight">Nabi</span> <span class="search-highlight">Musa</span> Mottled Zone complex, Judean Desert
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Rocks of Nabi Musa dome. (a) Lateral contact between Nabi Musa and bituminous calcareous rocks; (b) bituminous calcareous rocks in the contact zone. See the network of crosscutting gypsum-calcite intercalations; (c) breccias consisting of clasts and pebbles of Campanian chert and Coniacian–Turonian carbonates in the main crater; (d) unconsolidated cement from crater upper part, with fresh smectites and quartz sand; (e) tortuous rootless paralava veins strongly altered by later hydrothermalism; locally CSH and ettringite fully substitute for paralava material (old crater); (f) fresh paralava from a swelling vein (sample YV-197).

Rocks of Nabi Musa dome. ( a ) Lateral contact between Nabi Musa and bitumi... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 August 2012
Fig. 5. Rocks of Nabi Musa dome. ( a ) Lateral contact between Nabi Musa and bituminous calcareous rocks; ( b ) bituminous calcareous rocks in the contact zone. See the network of crosscutting gypsum-calcite intercalations; ( c ) breccias consisting of clasts and pebbles of Campanian chert
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(a) Nabi Musa locality along the Jerusalem–Jericho highway truncation. (b) Gehlenite–rankinite–wollastonite paralava nest in altered hydrogrossular-bearing rock.

(a) Nabi Musa locality along the Jerusalem–Jericho highway truncation. (b) ... Open Access

Published: 02 May 2024
Figure 1. (a) Nabi Musa locality along the Jerusalem–Jericho highway truncation. (b) Gehlenite–rankinite–wollastonite paralava nest in altered hydrogrossular-bearing rock.
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Simplified cross-section of Nabi Musa fossil mud volcano, with locations of sampling sites. Compiled using field data of 2007. 1, light-color brecciated and indurated chalky rocks; 2, slightly bituminous gray chalky rocks; 3, bituminous dark gray chalky rocks; 4, fill of craters: reddish and straw yellow brecciated sedimentary rocks subjected to combustion metamorphism and/or hydrothermal alteration; 5, brown to black welded breccias totally transformed to CM rocks: CM foci (a), their remnants (b); 6, small pipe-like bodies (diatremes) mainly composed of more or less cemented brecciated material of underlying sediments; 7, unconsolidated ochre-rich sediments with chert clasts in a calcite-gypsum-smectite matrix; 8, paralavas: (a) veins, (b) their hydrothermally altered relicts; 9, hydrothermal veins; 10, sampling sites; 11, photographing sites (Fig. 5); 12, place where the piece of Nubian sandstone was found. I, main (young) crater; II, old crater.

Simplified cross-section of Nabi Musa fossil mud volcano, with locations of... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 August 2012
Fig. 4. Simplified cross-section of Nabi Musa fossil mud volcano, with locations of sampling sites. Compiled using field data of 2007. 1 , light-color brecciated and indurated chalky rocks; 2 , slightly bituminous gray chalky rocks; 3 , bituminous dark gray chalky rocks; 4 , fill of craters
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Vertical maps of road cut (Nabi Musa edifice): (a) magnetic susceptibility, (b) gamma radioactivity, and (c) simplified geologic section.

Vertical maps of road cut (Nabi Musa edifice): (a) magnetic susceptibility,... Available to Purchase

Published: 20 May 2010
Figure 9. Vertical maps of road cut (Nabi Musa edifice): (a) magnetic susceptibility, (b) gamma radioactivity, and (c) simplified geologic section.
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Modeling of magnetic field at level 3 of the Nabi Musa edifice: (a) ΔT field observed (averaged) and calculated; (b) southern face of physical-geological model.

Modeling of magnetic field at level 3 of the Nabi Musa edifice: (a) Δ ... Available to Purchase

Published: 20 May 2010
Figure 10. Modeling of magnetic field at level 3 of the Nabi Musa edifice: (a) Δ T field observed (averaged) and calculated; (b) southern face of physical-geological model.
Journal Article

Qeltite – the first terrestrial high-temperature mineral with a langasite-type structure from the pyrometamorphic rocks of the Hatrurim Complex Open Access

Irina O. Galuskina, Marcin Stachowicz, Yevgeny Vapnik, Grzegorz Zeliński, Krzysztof Woźniak, Evgeny Galuskin
Published: 02 May 2024
Mineralogical Magazine (2024) 88 (3): 335–344.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1180/mgm.2024.38
...Figure 1. (a) Nabi Musa locality along the Jerusalem–Jericho highway truncation. (b) Gehlenite–rankinite–wollastonite paralava nest in altered hydrogrossular-bearing rock. ...
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View PDF for article title, Qeltite – the first terrestrial high-temperature mineral with a langasite-type structure from the pyrometamorphic rocks of the Hatrurim Complex
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Journal Article

Geophysical evidence of deep hydrocarbon flow in Mottled Zone areas, Dead Sea Transform zone Available to Purchase

Boris Khesin, Yevgeny Vapnik, Sonya Itkis
Journal: Geophysics
Published: 20 May 2010
Geophysics (2010) 75 (3): B91–B101.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.3375236
...Figure 9. Vertical maps of road cut (Nabi Musa edifice): (a) magnetic susceptibility, (b) gamma radioactivity, and (c) simplified geologic section. ...
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View PDF for article title, Geophysical evidence of deep hydrocarbon flow in Mottled Zone areas, Dead Sea Transform zone
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PAAS-normalized trace-element (a–d) and REE and Y (e–h) spectra. PAAS (Post Archaean Australian Shale) composition is according to (Taylor and McLennan, 1985). a, e, Nabi Musa bituminous rocks; b, f, Makhtesh Katan quartz arenite; c, g, Hatrurim clinopyroxene–anorthite hornfels; d, h, Nabi Musa CaSiO3-and Ca2SiO4-normative paralavas.

PAAS-normalized trace-element ( a – d ) and REE and Y ( e – h ) spectra. PA... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 August 2012
Fig. 7. PAAS-normalized trace-element ( a – d ) and REE and Y ( e – h ) spectra. PAAS (Post Archaean Australian Shale) composition is according to ( Taylor and McLennan, 1985 ). a , e , Nabi Musa bituminous rocks; b , f , Makhtesh Katan quartz arenite; c , g , Hatrurim clinopyroxene
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Backscattered SEM image of cracked and dehydrated Cr6+-bearing ettringites from Nabi Musa MZ complex.

Backscattered SEM image of cracked and dehydrated Cr 6+ -bearing ettringite... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 April 2011
F igure 7. Backscattered SEM image of cracked and dehydrated Cr 6+ -bearing ettringites from Nabi Musa MZ complex.
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Schematic geological map of the Judean Desert and eastern part of the Judean mountains (modified after Sneh et al. 1998). The Hatrurim Complex: (a) Nabi Musa; (b) Jabel Harmun; (c) Hyrcania; (d) Ma’ale Adummim.

Schematic geological map of the Judean Desert and eastern part of the Judea... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 May 2014
Figure 1 Schematic geological map of the Judean Desert and eastern part of the Judean mountains (modified after Sneh et al. 1998 ). The Hatrurim Complex: ( a ) Nabi Musa; ( b ) Jabel Harmun; ( c ) Hyrcania; ( d ) Ma’ale Adummim.
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SiO2–CaO (a), Fe2O3–CaO (b), and Al2O3–CaO (c) diagrams that illustrate three-component mixing (chalk + quartz sandstone + marl), for Nabi Musa CaSiO3-and Ca2SiO4-normative paralavas. 1, quartz arenite. Other symbols are as in Fig. 6.

SiO 2 –CaO ( a ), Fe 2 O 3 –CaO ( b ), and Al 2 O 3 –CaO ( c ) diagrams tha... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 August 2012
Fig. 8. SiO 2 –CaO ( a ), Fe 2 O 3 –CaO ( b ), and Al 2 O 3 –CaO ( c ) diagrams that illustrate three-component mixing (chalk + quartz sandstone + marl), for Nabi Musa CaSiO 3 -and Ca 2 SiO 4 -normative paralavas. 1 , quartz arenite. Other symbols are as in Fig. 6 .
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Morphology of ternesite metacrysts (lighter) in cathodoluminescence (A–D, F) and BSE (E) images: A Jabel Harmun, B West Har Parsa, C Jabel Harmun (specimen shown in Fig. 4D); D–F Nabi Musa: D – spherulites of ternesite; E, F replacement front of fluorellestadite by ternesite. Lrn – larnite, Ye – ye’elimite, Brm – brownmillerite, Ell- fluorellestadite, Mgf – magnesioferrite, Trn – ternesite.

Morphology of ternesite metacrysts (lighter) in cathodoluminescence (A–D, F... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 March 2016
Fig. 6 Morphology of ternesite metacrysts (lighter) in cathodoluminescence (A–D, F) and BSE (E) images: A Jabel Harmun, B West Har Parsa, C Jabel Harmun (specimen shown in Fig. 4D ); D–F Nabi Musa: D – spherulites of ternesite; E, F replacement front of fluorellestadite by ternesite. Lrn
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Backscattered SEM images and respective characteristic EDX spectra of sulfate ettringite (a, b) and Cr6+-bearing ettringite (c, d) from Nabi Musa. (a) Typical herringbone structure composed of afwillite and sulfate ettringite lining the vein wall in low-grade Hatrurim rock. (b) Characteristic EDX spectrum of pure sulfate ettringite. (c) Fine-grained prisms of fresh Cr6+-bearing ettringite from the vein interior. (d) Characteristic EDX spectrum of Cr6+-bearing ettringite. Abbreviations: Afw = afwillite, Ett = ettringite.

Backscattered SEM images and respective characteristic EDX spectra of sulfa... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 April 2011
F igure 6. Backscattered SEM images and respective characteristic EDX spectra of sulfate ettringite ( a, b ) and Cr 6+ -bearing ettringite ( c, d ) from Nabi Musa. ( a ) Typical herringbone structure composed of afwillite and sulfate ettringite lining the vein wall in low-grade Hatrurim rock
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A Outcrop photograph of pseudoconglomerates represented by ‘pebbles’ of various sizes on the west slope of Har Parsa Mt; the insert shows the typical structure of ‘pebble’ with characteristic concentric cracks filled with low-temperature minerals; B angular ‘pebble’ from pseudoconglomerate from Har Parsa with visible ternesite porphyroblasts (metacrysts); the crystal magnified in Fig. 4C is shown by arrow; C dark-brown ternesite metacrystal with characteristic rough surface; D dark-green ternesite ‘pebble’ from pseudoconglomerate in Jabel Harmun; E green fragments of ternesite-rich rock from Nabi Musa.

A Outcrop photograph of pseudoconglomerates represented by ‘pebbles’ of va... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 March 2016
of ternesite-rich rock from Nabi Musa.
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(a) Typical Cr6+-bearing ettringite and afwillite filling a crack in a combustion metamorphic rock. The brown color is due to abundant Cr3+-bearing brownmillerite, Fe-spinel, and Ca ferrite. Sample Ettr-5, Maale Adummim MZ area, 2010. (b) Bentorite vein in low-grade Hatrurim rock. Hatrurim Basin MZ area, 2010. (c) Field occurrence of chromatite precipitates on the surface of CaCO3- and gypsum-cemented low-grade Hatrurim rocks, at the foot of Nabi Musa hill, May 2007; the lens cap is 6 cm in diameter. Abbreviations: Ett = ettringite, Afw = afwillite.

( a ) Typical Cr 6+ -bearing ettringite and afwillite filling a crack in a ... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 April 2011
rock. Hatrurim Basin MZ area, 2010. ( c ) Field occurrence of chromatite precipitates on the surface of CaCO 3 - and gypsum-cemented low-grade Hatrurim rocks, at the foot of Nabi Musa hill, May 2007; the lens cap is 6 cm in diameter. Abbreviations: Ett = ettringite, Afw = afwillite.
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Tetrahedral sites composition projected in the Fe3+–Al–Si diagram. 1–4 Khesinite: 1 – holotype (Table 1, analysis 1); 2 – paralava, Negev; 3 – gehlenite hornfels, Negev Desert and Judean Mts; 4 – esseneite–melilite paralava, Zelénky, Czech Republic (Záček et al., 2015); 5 – gehlenite hornfels, Nabi Musa (Sokol et al., 2011); 6–8 Dorrite: 6 – gehlenite hornfels, Negev; 7, 8 (mean analysis) – holotype (Cosca et al., 1988); 9 – “Fe3+ reach melilite” (Foit et al., 1987); 10 – “malachovite” (Chesnokov et al., 2008); 11 – “anthropogenic khesinite” (Gatel et al., 2015).

Tetrahedral sites composition projected in the Fe 3+ –Al–Si diagram. 1–4 ... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 March 2017
– gehlenite hornfels, Nabi Musa ( Sokol et al. , 2011 ); 6–8 Dorrite: 6 – gehlenite hornfels, Negev; 7, 8 (mean analysis) – holotype ( Cosca et al. , 1988 ); 9 – “Fe 3+ reach melilite” ( Foit et al. , 1987 ); 10 – “malachovite” ( Chesnokov et al. , 2008 ); 11 – “anthropogenic khesinite” ( Gatel et al
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Al2O3/SiO2 ratios in CM rocks and MZ sediments, compared with marine chalks. 1, CaSiO3- and Ca2SiO4-normative paralava; 2, clinopyroxene-anorthite paralava; 3, clinopyroxene-anorthite hornfels; 4, melilite hornfels; 5, larnite rocks; 6, spurrite rocks; 7, gypsum-calcite cement with smectite and quartz sand; 8, Nabi Musa bituminous calcareous sediments; 9, Maastrichtian marine chalk (Ghareb Formation); 10, Al = f(Si) regression lines for all above rocks (except for CaSiO3- and Ca2SiO4-normative paralava). 1–8 are according to Sokol et al., this study (Table 4) and 9 is according to (Bogoch et al., 1996).

Al 2 O 3 /SiO 2 ratios in CM rocks and MZ sediments, compared with marine ... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 August 2012
-calcite cement with smectite and quartz sand; 8 , Nabi Musa bituminous calcareous sediments; 9 , Maastrichtian marine chalk (Ghareb Formation); 10 , Al = f (Si) regression lines for all above rocks (except for CaSiO 3 - and Ca 2 SiO 4 -normative paralava). 1 – 8 are according to Sokol et al
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PAAS-normalized (Taylor and McLennan, 1985) trace-element spectra that illustrate three-component (model I) and four-component (model II) mixing, for Nabi Musa CaSiO3- and Ca2SiO4-normative paralavas. a, Major elements; b, trace elements; c, REE. 1, paralava; 2, model I; 3, model II; 4, marine limestone; 5, quartz arenite. Model composition I: 60 wt.% bituminous chalk, 30 wt.% quartz sandstone, 10 wt.% marl; model composition II: 30 wt.% bituminous chalk, 30 wt.% organic-free chalk, 30 wt.% quartz sandstone, 10 wt.% marl. Composition of Turonian marine limestone is after (Möller et al., 2003). Other symbols are as in Fig. 6.

PAAS-normalized ( Taylor and McLennan, 1985 ) trace-element spectra that il... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 August 2012
Fig. 9. PAAS-normalized ( Taylor and McLennan, 1985 ) trace-element spectra that illustrate three-component (model I) and four-component (model II) mixing, for Nabi Musa CaSiO 3 - and Ca 2 SiO 4 -normative paralavas. a , Major elements; b , trace elements; c , REE. 1 , paralava; 2 , model I