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Journal Article

From dust to dust: Quaternary wind erosion of the Mu Us Desert and Loess Plateau, China Available to Purchase

Paul Kapp, Alex Pullen, Jon D. Pelletier, Joellen Russell, Paul Goodman, Fulong Cai
Journal: Geology
Published: 01 September 2015
Geology (2015) 43 (9): 835–838.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1130/G36724.1
...Paul Kapp; Alex Pullen; Jon D. Pelletier; Joellen Russell; Paul Goodman; Fulong Cai Abstract The Ordos Basin of China encompasses the Mu Us Desert in the northwest and the Chinese Loess Plateau to the south and east. The boundary between the mostly internally drained Mu Us Desert and fluvially...
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View PDF for article title, From dust to dust: Quaternary wind erosion of the <span class="search-highlight">Mu</span> <span class="search-highlight">Us</span> <span class="search-highlight">Desert</span> and Loess Plateau, China
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(A) Topographic map of Tengger and Mu Us deserts and the Loess Plateau showing sample locations as stars (digital elevation model [DEM] image from U.S. Geological Survey); (B) geologic map of Tengger and Mu Us deserts and the Loess Plateau (simplified from Ma, 2004). Note the slightly different map projection.

(A) Topographic map of Tengger and Mu Us deserts and the Loess Plateau show... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 July 2010
Figure 2. (A) Topographic map of Tengger and Mu Us deserts and the Loess Plateau showing sample locations as stars (digital elevation model [DEM] image from U.S. Geological Survey); (B) geologic map of Tengger and Mu Us deserts and the Loess Plateau (simplified from Ma, 2004 ). Note the slightly
Journal Article

Assessing the provenance of loess and desert sediments in northern China using U-Pb dating and morphology of detrital zircons Available to Purchase

Thomas Stevens, Carl Palk, Andrew Carter, Huayu Lu, Peter D. Clift
Journal: GSA Bulletin
Published: 01 July 2010
GSA Bulletin (2010) 122 (7-8): 1331–1344.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1130/B30102.1
...Figure 2. (A) Topographic map of Tengger and Mu Us deserts and the Loess Plateau showing sample locations as stars (digital elevation model [DEM] image from U.S. Geological Survey); (B) geologic map of Tengger and Mu Us deserts and the Loess Plateau (simplified from Ma, 2004 ). Note the slightly...
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View PDF for article title, Assessing the provenance of loess and <span class="search-highlight">desert</span> sediments in northern China <span class="search-highlight">using</span> U-Pb dating and morphology of detrital zircons
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Non-metric multidimensional scaling (MDS) plot of zircon U-Pb age data of Quaternary loess sequences on the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) and comparison with potential sources. Brown, gray, and pink dots represent central-western, eastern, northeastern CLP samples, respectively (see Fig. 1 for site abbreviations). Dark blue dots are samples of potential sources. Light blue dot (LNT) represents the Lantian site, which is the southernmost site on the CLP examined here. Solid lines mark closest neighbors, and dashed lines, second-closest neighbors. Three black ovals depict clustered samples (see Table S1 [see footnote 1] for data sources). TD—Tengger Desert; BJD—Badain Jaran Desert; Qilian—Qilian Shan piedmont sediment; HS—Huangshui River sediment; XNB—Xining Basin sediment; QB—Qaidam Basin sediment; Weihe—Weihe River sediment; WMU + UYR—western Mu Us Desert and upper Yellow River sediment; MYR + EMU—middle Yellow River sediment and eastern Mu Us Desert.

Non-metric multidimensional scaling (MDS) plot of zircon U-Pb age data of Q... Open Access

Published: 24 June 2021
samples (see Table S1 [see footnote 1 ] for data sources). TD—Tengger Desert; BJD—Badain Jaran Desert; Qilian—Qilian Shan piedmont sediment; HS—Huangshui River sediment; XNB—Xining Basin sediment; QB—Qaidam Basin sediment; Weihe—Weihe River sediment; WMU + UYR—western Mu Us Desert and upper Yellow River
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Map of detrital zircon sample sites in the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) and potential sources; modified from Wang et al. (2019). Two red stars indicate locations of the Ledu site (LD) and Jiaxian site (JX), for which we report new zircon U-Pb ages. White dots indicate locations of previously published loess zircon U-Pb sites (see Table S1 [see footnote 1]). Three white ovals indicate dominate potential sources for the central-western, eastern, and northeastern parts of CLP, respectively. XN—Xining; CX—Caoxian; BGY—Beiguoyuan; XF—Xifeng; LT—Lingtai; LNT—Lantian; HMG—Heimugou; WN—Weinan; JBN—Jingbian; ZTS—Zhongtiaoshan; GH—Gonghai; WMU—western Mu Us Desert; EMU—eastern Mu Us Desert.

Map of detrital zircon sample sites in the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) and ... Open Access

Published: 24 June 2021
—Weinan; JBN—Jingbian; ZTS—Zhongtiaoshan; GH—Gonghai; WMU—western Mu Us Desert; EMU—eastern Mu Us Desert.
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Visual comparison of detrital zircon U-Pb ages of combined data sets from Quaternary Chinese Loess Plateau deposits and potential sources (see Table S1 [see footnote 1]). Black and blue lines are normalized probability density plots (PDP) and kernel density estimation plots (KDE), respectively. Open rectangles are age histograms. (A) Combined data sets of eastern CLP. (B) Combined data sets of central-western CLP. (C) Combined data sets of northeastern CLP. (D) Combined data sets of upper Yellow River (UYR) and western Mu Us Desert (WMU). (E) Combined data sets of Huangshui River (HS) and Qilian Shan piedmont sediment (Qilian). (F) Combined data sets of middle Yellow River (MYR) and eastern Mu Us Desert (EMU).

Visual comparison of detrital zircon U-Pb ages of combined data sets from Q... Open Access

Published: 24 June 2021
), respectively. Open rectangles are age histograms. (A) Combined data sets of eastern CLP. (B) Combined data sets of central-western CLP. (C) Combined data sets of northeastern CLP. (D) Combined data sets of upper Yellow River (UYR) and western Mu Us Desert (WMU). (E) Combined data sets of Huangshui River (HS
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Normalized kernel density plots, histograms (40 Ma bins), and main components for the four potential source provinces (Mu Us Desert, central sand deserts, Qaidam Basin, and northeast Tibet), and the loess and paleosols layers of the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP), shown for the interval 0–3500 Ma. Main components were obtained using the software BayesMix (see Methods section). The height of each vertical line reflects the component contribution (c) to the age population. Mean (μ) and standard deviation (σ) are given for components with contribution &gt;10%. Note the juxtaposition of two components with similar mean age (457–458 Ma) but different standard deviations for the Qaidam Basin. Mean, mode, standard deviation, and skew parameters for all components are given in Table DR2 (see text footnote 1). Old (older than 1500 Ma) age peaks appear to be better resolved when slightly skewed in BayesMix maximum posterior models, explaining the visual offset between age peaks in density plots and components in several samples (peak at 2588 Ma for the Mu Us Desert).

Normalized kernel density plots, histograms (40 Ma bins), and main componen... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 May 2016
Figure 6. Normalized kernel density plots, histograms (40 Ma bins), and main components for the four potential source provinces (Mu Us Desert, central sand deserts, Qaidam Basin, and northeast Tibet), and the loess and paleosols layers of the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP), shown for the interval 0
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Cumulative probability density plots for the four potential source provinces (Mu Us Desert, central sand deserts, Qaidam Basin, and upper Yellow River), and the loess and paleosols layers of the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP), shown for the interval 0–3500 Ma.

Cumulative probability density plots for the four potential source province... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 May 2016
Figure 7. Cumulative probability density plots for the four potential source provinces (Mu Us Desert, central sand deserts, Qaidam Basin, and upper Yellow River), and the loess and paleosols layers of the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP), shown for the interval 0–3500 Ma.
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Dissimilarity to the paleosol layers of the Chinese Loess Plateau for each possible combination of the four potential source regions. Same legend as Figure 8 (A—Mu Us Desert; B—central sand deserts; C—Qaidam Basin; D—upper Yellow River).

Dissimilarity to the paleosol layers of the Chinese Loess Plateau for each ... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 May 2016
Figure 9. Dissimilarity to the paleosol layers of the Chinese Loess Plateau for each possible combination of the four potential source regions. Same legend as Figure 8 (A—Mu Us Desert; B—central sand deserts; C—Qaidam Basin; D—upper Yellow River).
Journal Article

Eolian cannibalism: Reworked loess and fluvial sediment as the main sources of the Chinese Loess Plateau Available to Purchase

A. Licht, A. Pullen, P. Kapp, J. Abell, N. Giesler
Journal: GSA Bulletin
Published: 01 May 2016
GSA Bulletin (2016) 128 (5-6): 944–956.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1130/B31375.1
...Figure 6. Normalized kernel density plots, histograms (40 Ma bins), and main components for the four potential source provinces (Mu Us Desert, central sand deserts, Qaidam Basin, and northeast Tibet), and the loess and paleosols layers of the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP), shown for the interval 0...
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View PDF for article title, Eolian cannibalism: Reworked loess and fluvial sediment as the main sources of the Chinese Loess Plateau
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Journal Article

Study on Hydrogeochemical Characteristics of Deeply Buried Mining Area in Inner Mongolia-Shaanxi Province, China Open Access

Yang Liu, Jian Yang, Qiang Ma, Xuesong Ding, Ang Li, Xiangyang Liang, Yuanmou Li, Yonggen Zhou, Shuai Gao, Weidong Wang
Journal: Lithosphere
Publisher: GSW
Published: 20 April 2022
Lithosphere (2021) 2021 (Special 4): 4643257.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2113/2022/4643257
... of hydrogeochemical characteristics between coal measure strata and aquifers on the roof of deeply buried mining areas in Inner Mongolia-Shaanxi, China. The results show that the deeply buried mining area in Inner Mongolia-Shaanxi belongs to Mu Us Desert, and the surface is covered by aeolian sand, with excellent...
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View PDF for article title, Study on Hydrogeochemical Characteristics of Deeply Buried Mining Area in Inner Mongolia-Shaanxi Province, China
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Probability density plots of zircon U-Pb ages in the samples. The plots on the left show data from 0 to 700 Ma, while the plots on the right show data from 0 to 3500 Ma. Sections (A) and (B) show data for CH04/1/16-19 sample at the Beiguoyuan site; (C) and (D) show data for the Horqin sandy land sample; (E) and (F) show data for the Otindag sandy land; (G) and (H) show data for the Tengger Desert; and (I) and (J) show data for the Mu Us Desert.

Probability density plots of zircon U-Pb ages in the samples. The plots on ... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 July 2010
sandy land sample; (E) and (F) show data for the Otindag sandy land; (G) and (H) show data for the Tengger Desert; and (I) and (J) show data for the Mu Us Desert.
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Topographic profiles across Ordos Basin, China, along A-A’ and B-B’ (see Fig. 1). A: Approximately north-south profile showing the topography of the Loess Plateau where it is least incised, its escarpment margin, and its possible former extent across the Mu Us Desert. B: Approximately east-west profile across Otog Mesa and trough, and the escarpment margin of the eastern Loess Plateau.

Topographic profiles across Ordos Basin, China, along A-A’ and B-B’ (see F... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 September 2015
Figure 2. Topographic profiles across Ordos Basin, China, along A-A’ and B-B’ (see Fig. 1 ). A: Approximately north-south profile showing the topography of the Loess Plateau where it is least incised, its escarpment margin, and its possible former extent across the Mu Us Desert. B: Approximately
Image
A: Wind-parallel linear bedrock ridges and adjacent bedrock-floored depression, Mu Us Desert (location indicated in Fig. 1B). B: Google Earth™, image of linear loess topography and Loess Plateau escarpment (location indicated in Fig. 1). The top of the escarpment is a drainage divide (blue line). Blue circles indicate locations of wind gaps. Coordinates are 37.294°N, 107.394°E (image date 17 March 2013).

A: Wind-parallel linear bedrock ridges and adjacent bedrock-floored depress... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 September 2015
Figure 3. A: Wind-parallel linear bedrock ridges and adjacent bedrock-floored depression, Mu Us Desert (location indicated in Fig. 1B ). B: Google Earth™, image of linear loess topography and Loess Plateau escarpment (location indicated in Fig. 1 ). The top of the escarpment is a drainage
Journal Article

Spatially variable provenance of the Chinese Loess Plateau Open Access

Haobo Zhang, Junsheng Nie, Xiangjun Liu, Alex Pullen, Guoqiang Li, Wenbin Peng, Hanzhi Zhang
Journal: Geology
Published: 24 June 2021
Geology (2021) 49 (10): 1155–1159.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1130/G48867.1
... samples (see Table S1 [see footnote 1 ] for data sources). TD—Tengger Desert; BJD—Badain Jaran Desert; Qilian—Qilian Shan piedmont sediment; HS—Huangshui River sediment; XNB—Xining Basin sediment; QB—Qaidam Basin sediment; Weihe—Weihe River sediment; WMU + UYR—western Mu Us Desert and upper Yellow River...
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Spatial patterns of loess properties across Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) indicate consistent northwest-southeast concentric decrease of loess thickness and loess grain size during glacial and interglacial times. A: Large sandy deserts of Central Asia. MUD—Mu-Us Desert; TD—Tengger Desert; BJD—Badain Jaran Desert; QB—Qaidam Basin; T—Taklimakan; JB—Junggar Basin. Red star—study area in Gobi Desert, Mongolia.Yellow lines A–D represent topographic transects from distal sandy deserts to CLP (see Fig. 3). B: Grain-size zoning across CLP (after An et al., 1990; Porter, 2001; Prins et al., 2007). C: Variation in thickness (m) of last glacial Malan loess (after Porter, 2001). D: Median diameter (μm) of grains composing surface loess sampled across plateau (after Porter et al., 2001). E: Contour map of median grain size (μm) of CLP for marine isotope stage 2 (MIS 2) (after Yang and Ding, 2008). F: Contour map of median grain size (μm) of CLP for MIS 3 (after Yang and Ding, 2008).

Spatial patterns of loess properties across Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) ind... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 January 2014
Figure 1. Spatial patterns of loess properties across Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) indicate consistent northwest-southeast concentric decrease of loess thickness and loess grain size during glacial and interglacial times. A: Large sandy deserts of Central Asia. MUD—Mu-Us Desert; TD—Tengger Desert
Image
A: Location map of Ordos Basin, China. Stippled pattern indicates sand deserts. B: Shaded relief map (www.geomapapp.org) of Ordos Basin. Yellow contours of mean annual precipitation (in mm) are from Porter et al. (2001). Red shading and arrows show the distribution and orientation of linear bedrock ridges in the Mu Us Desert and linear Loess Plateau topography. Black arrows show geomorphically effective wind directions, based on our interpretations of satellite images. The A-A’ and B-B’ dashed lines correspond to topographic profiles in Figure 2. Approximate distribution of Mesozoic and Cretaceous strata is shown. C: Rose diagram of linear loess topography orientations, plotted as unidirectional (wind parallel). Dark gray population is representative of windward margin of Loess Plateau. Light gray population is representative of linear topography to the south and east. Mean azimuth values and one standard deviations are indicated.

A: Location map of Ordos Basin, China. Stippled pattern indicates sand dese... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 September 2015
of linear bedrock ridges in the Mu Us Desert and linear Loess Plateau topography. Black arrows show geomorphically effective wind directions, based on our interpretations of satellite images. The A-A’ and B-B’ dashed lines correspond to topographic profiles in Figure 2 . Approximate distribution
Image
Dissimilarity to the loess layers of the Chinese Loess Plateau for each possible combination of the four potential source regions (A—Mu Us Desert; B—central sand deserts; C—Qaidam Basin; D—upper Yellow River). Each triangle is a ternary diagram of contribution from the provinces A, B, and D for a given contribution of C (contributions of A + B + C + D = 100% for each triangle; see example for C = 20% on the left side of the figure). The color bar indicates the range of values for the dissimilarity measure, here the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) statistic averaged for N random synthetic distributions per source combination (N = 200). The combinations that best fit the loess age distribution are the ones that give the lowest dissimilarity values. An alternative way to determine the best fit is to look at the range of combinations for which more than two thirds of the N random synthetic distributions are statistically similar to the loess (here in the sense of the KS statistic at the 95% confidence level), depicted by red isolines in the figure.

Dissimilarity to the loess layers of the Chinese Loess Plateau for each pos... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 May 2016
Figure 8. Dissimilarity to the loess layers of the Chinese Loess Plateau for each possible combination of the four potential source regions (A—Mu Us Desert; B—central sand deserts; C—Qaidam Basin; D—upper Yellow River). Each triangle is a ternary diagram of contribution from the provinces A, B
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Predicted versus observed dune orientation for the bed instability mode (αI) and the fingering mode (αF) in sand seas of Northern Hemisphere. Orientations are measured counterclockwise with respect to east for 11 regions in the Sahara, Rub’ al Khali, Taklamakan, and Mu Us deserts. Aside from their orientation, dune fields commonly exhibit two different length scales for dune width or wavelength: a small one (∼30 m) and a large one (∼1 km). We measure their corresponding orientations separately. Vertical and horizontal error bars stand for standard deviations in measurements and model sensitivity to transport onset velocity, respectively. See the Data Repository (see footnote 1) for a detailed record of field data.

Predicted versus observed dune orientation for the bed instability mode (α ... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 September 2014
Figure 3. Predicted versus observed dune orientation for the bed instability mode (α I ) and the fingering mode (α F ) in sand seas of Northern Hemisphere. Orientations are measured counterclockwise with respect to east for 11 regions in the Sahara, Rub’ al Khali, Taklamakan, and Mu Us deserts
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Two modes of dune orientation in sand seas. A: Oblique barchanoid ridges in Mu Us Desert (China, 38.8°N, 107.7°E). B: Linear dune field (top) and superimposed bedform (bottom) in Rub’ al Khali (Saudi Arabia, 19.3°N, 48.5°E). C: Linear (seif) dunes with superimposed bedform in Great Sand Sea (Egypt, 26.15°N, 26.9°E). D: Linear dune with superimposed bedform in Erg Chech-Adrar (Mali, 23.6°N, 5.1°W). Note that coexistence of small active dunes of similar size with two different orientations cannot be ascribed to a temporal change of wind regime. E: Spatial transition between two orientations for dunes in Taklamakan Desert (China, 38.3°N, 86.7°E). The transition from bed-instability mode (west) to fingering mode (east) corresponds to an abrupt decrease in sand availability in the inter-dune areas. F: Compound transverse dunes in Ubari Desert (Libya, 26.8°N, 12.6°E) with defects that align in fingering mode and extend from sand patches. Each panel shows sand flux rose, divergence angle ϕ, and predicted dune orientations, with blue arrows for bed-instability mode and green arrows for fingering mode. Low-contrast bedforms seen in inter-dune areas in panels B, C, and F appear to be sand sheets (Pye and Tsoar, 1990; see Fig. DR27 [see footnote 1]). Pictures are from Google Earth™. See the Data Repository (see footnote 1) for more comparisons and details.

Two modes of dune orientation in sand seas. A: Oblique barchanoid ridges in... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 September 2014
Figure 1. Two modes of dune orientation in sand seas. A: Oblique barchanoid ridges in Mu Us Desert (China, 38.8°N, 107.7°E). B: Linear dune field (top) and superimposed bedform (bottom) in Rub’ al Khali (Saudi Arabia, 19.3°N, 48.5°E). C: Linear (seif) dunes with superimposed bedform in Great Sand