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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Africa
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North Africa
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Morocco
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Rif (1)
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Southern Africa
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South Africa
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Asia
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metals
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Invertebrata
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Articulata
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Crinozoa
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Porifera (1)
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Plantae
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problematic fossils (1)
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geochronology methods
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Quaternary (1)
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Tertiary
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Neogene
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Miocene
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Columbia River Basalt Group (1)
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middle Miocene (1)
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Paleogene
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middle Eocene
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Mesozoic
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Cretaceous
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Upper Cretaceous (1)
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Triassic (1)
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Paleozoic
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Carboniferous
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Mississippian
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Lower Mississippian (2)
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Pennsylvanian
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Middle Pennsylvanian (1)
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Pottsville Group (1)
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Upper Pennsylvanian (2)
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-
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Devonian
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Middle Devonian
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Hamilton Group (1)
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Mahantango Formation (1)
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Marcellus Shale (2)
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Onondaga Limestone (1)
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Upper Devonian
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Brallier Shale (1)
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Cleveland Member (1)
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Famennian (1)
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Ohio Shale (1)
-
-
-
Ellis Bay Formation (1)
-
middle Paleozoic
-
Hillabee Chlorite Schist (1)
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-
New Albany Shale (1)
-
Ordovician
-
Upper Ordovician
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Ashgillian (1)
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Cincinnatian
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Maysvillian (1)
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-
Fairview Formation (3)
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Katian (1)
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Kope Formation (2)
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Queenston Shale (1)
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Red River Formation (1)
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-
-
Permian
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Lower Permian
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Wolfcampian (1)
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Silurian
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Lower Silurian
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Llandovery (1)
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Wenlock (1)
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Talladega Group (1)
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upper Paleozoic
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Kaskaskia Sequence (1)
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Precambrian
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Archean (1)
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upper Precambrian
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Proterozoic
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Neoproterozoic
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igneous rocks
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igneous rocks
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plutonic rocks
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diabase (1)
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granites
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I-type granites (1)
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pegmatite (1)
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ultramafics
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pyroxenite
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orthopyroxenite (1)
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volcanic rocks
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basalts
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flood basalts (1)
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pyroclastics
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ignimbrite (1)
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rhyolites (2)
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ophiolite (1)
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metamorphic rocks
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metamorphic rocks
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amphibolites (1)
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metaigneous rocks
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metabasalt (1)
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metabasite (1)
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metadacite (1)
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metasedimentary rocks
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metapelite (1)
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phyllites (1)
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schists
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greenstone (1)
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ophiolite (1)
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minerals
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carbonates
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calcite (1)
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oxides
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hematite (1)
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hydroxides
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oxyhydroxides (1)
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iron oxides (1)
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silicates
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chain silicates
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amphibole group
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actinolite (1)
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hornblende (1)
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prehnite (1)
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pyroxene group
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orthopyroxene (1)
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framework silicates
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feldspar group
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plagioclase (1)
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silica minerals
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quartz (1)
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orthosilicates
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nesosilicates
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kyanite (1)
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titanite group
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titanite (1)
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-
zircon group
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zircon (5)
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-
-
sorosilicates
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epidote group
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epidote (2)
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pumpellyite group
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pumpellyite (2)
-
-
-
-
sheet silicates
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mica group
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muscovite (3)
-
-
serpentine group
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berthierine (1)
-
-
-
-
sulfates
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alunite (1)
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-
sulfides (1)
-
-
Primary terms
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absolute age (8)
-
Africa
-
North Africa
-
Morocco
-
Rif (1)
-
-
-
Southern Africa
-
South Africa
-
Bushveld Complex (1)
-
Merensky Reef (1)
-
-
-
-
Asia
-
Arabian Peninsula (1)
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Central Asia
-
Kazakhstan
-
Karatau Range (1)
-
-
-
Indian Peninsula
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Bangladesh (1)
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Bengal (1)
-
-
Middle East
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Iran
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Elburz (1)
-
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Iraq (1)
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Turkey
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Anatolia (1)
-
Taurus Mountains (1)
-
-
Zagros (1)
-
-
Tien Shan
-
Karatau Range (1)
-
-
-
Australasia
-
Australia
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Lachlan fold belt (1)
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New South Wales Australia (1)
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Queensland Australia (3)
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Victoria Australia (1)
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Western Australia
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Hamersley Basin (1)
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-
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New Zealand (1)
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Papua New Guinea (1)
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bacteria (1)
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bitumens (1)
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Canada
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Eastern Canada
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Quebec
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Anticosti Island (1)
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-
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Western Canada
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Manitoba (1)
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carbon
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C-13/C-12 (1)
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organic carbon (1)
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catalogs (1)
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Cenozoic
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Quaternary (1)
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Tertiary
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Neogene
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Miocene
-
Columbia River Basalt Group (1)
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middle Miocene (1)
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-
-
Paleogene
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Eocene
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middle Eocene
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Bartonian (1)
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clay mineralogy (1)
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construction materials
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building stone (1)
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continental drift (1)
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igneous rocks
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diabase (1)
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I-type granites (1)
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-
pegmatite (1)
-
ultramafics
-
pyroxenite
-
orthopyroxenite (1)
-
-
-
-
volcanic rocks
-
basalts
-
flood basalts (1)
-
-
pyroclastics
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ignimbrite (1)
-
-
rhyolites (2)
-
-
-
inclusions
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fluid inclusions (1)
-
-
Indian Ocean
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Arabian Sea
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Persian Gulf (1)
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-
intrusions (2)
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Invertebrata
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Arthropoda
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Trilobitomorpha
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Trilobita (1)
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-
-
Brachiopoda
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Articulata
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Orthida (2)
-
-
-
Bryozoa
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Trepostomata (1)
-
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Cnidaria
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Anthozoa (1)
-
-
Echinodermata
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Crinozoa
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Crinoidea (1)
-
-
-
Mollusca
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Gastropoda (1)
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Porifera (1)
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-
isotopes
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stable isotopes
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C-13/C-12 (1)
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O-18/O-16 (3)
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-
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lineation (1)
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maps (1)
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Mediterranean region (1)
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Mesozoic
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Cretaceous
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Upper Cretaceous (1)
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Triassic (1)
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metal ores
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chromite ores (1)
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copper ores (2)
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gold ores (3)
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lead ores (1)
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lead-zinc deposits (1)
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silver ores (1)
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zinc ores (1)
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metals
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arsenic (1)
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iron (1)
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rare earths (2)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
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amphibolites (1)
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gneisses (1)
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marbles (1)
-
metaigneous rocks
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metabasalt (1)
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metabasite (1)
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metadacite (1)
-
-
metasedimentary rocks
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metapelite (1)
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phyllites (1)
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schists
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greenstone (1)
-
-
-
metamorphism (3)
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metasomatism (2)
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Mexico (1)
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mineral deposits, genesis (2)
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North America
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Appalachian Basin (2)
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Appalachians
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Appalachian Plateau (2)
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Blue Ridge Mountains (3)
-
Central Appalachians (1)
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Piedmont (1)
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Southern Appalachians (5)
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Valley and Ridge Province (1)
-
-
Basin and Range Province
-
Great Basin (1)
-
-
Gulf Coastal Plain (1)
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oil and gas fields (1)
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orogeny (3)
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oxygen
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O-18/O-16 (3)
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paleoclimatology (1)
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paleoecology (5)
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paleogeography (3)
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paleontology (1)
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Paleozoic
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Carboniferous
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Mississippian
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Lower Mississippian (2)
-
-
Pennsylvanian
-
Middle Pennsylvanian (1)
-
Pottsville Group (1)
-
Upper Pennsylvanian (2)
-
-
-
Devonian
-
Middle Devonian
-
Hamilton Group (1)
-
Mahantango Formation (1)
-
Marcellus Shale (2)
-
Onondaga Limestone (1)
-
-
Upper Devonian
-
Brallier Shale (1)
-
Cleveland Member (1)
-
Famennian (1)
-
Ohio Shale (1)
-
-
-
Ellis Bay Formation (1)
-
middle Paleozoic
-
Hillabee Chlorite Schist (1)
-
-
New Albany Shale (1)
-
Ordovician
-
Upper Ordovician
-
Ashgillian (1)
-
Cincinnatian
-
Maysvillian (1)
-
-
Fairview Formation (3)
-
Katian (1)
-
Kope Formation (2)
-
Queenston Shale (1)
-
Red River Formation (1)
-
-
-
Permian
-
Lower Permian
-
Wolfcampian (1)
-
-
-
Silurian
-
Lower Silurian
-
Llandovery (1)
-
Wenlock (1)
-
-
-
Talladega Group (1)
-
upper Paleozoic
-
Kaskaskia Sequence (1)
-
-
-
palynomorphs
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acritarchs (1)
-
-
paragenesis (2)
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petroleum
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natural gas (1)
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petrology (1)
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Plantae
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algae (1)
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plate tectonics (3)
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pollution (2)
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Precambrian
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upper Precambrian
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Proterozoic
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Neoproterozoic
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Cryogenian (1)
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-
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problematic fossils (1)
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sedimentary rocks
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carbonate rocks
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clastic rocks
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stratigraphy (4)
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tectonics
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United States
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Atlantic Coastal Plain (2)
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Blue Ridge Mountains (3)
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California
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Amador County California (1)
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Nevada County California (1)
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Chesapeake Bay (1)
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Cincinnati Arch (3)
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Delaware (1)
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Georgia
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Great Basin (1)
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Kentucky
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GeoRef Categories
Era and Period
Epoch and Age
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Mount Auburn Member
Taphonomic effects of sea-floor exposure on an Ordovician brachiopod assemblage
Stratigraphic column showing sources of colonies in this study (*). Modifie...
BRACHIOPOD SHELL DISCOLORATION AS AN INDICATOR OF TAPHONOMIC ALTERATION IN THE DEEP-TIME FOSSIL RECORD
The use of glycol ethers to help reduce amorphous organic matter (AOM) in palynological preparations
Paleoecology of Commensal Epizoans Fouling Flexicalymene (Trilobita) from the Upper Ordovician, Cincinnati Arch Region, USA
Late Paleozoic detrital history of eastern Gondwanaland: petrofacies and detrital geochronology of Permo-Carboniferous intracratonic sequences of the northwest Bengal Basin
Multi-proxy provenance of the lower Pennsylvanian Pottsville sandstone of the northern Appalachian basin in Pennsylvania, U.S.A: Paleodrainage, sources, and detrital history
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Carbon dioxide storage potential for the Queenston Formation near the AES Cayuga coal-fired power plant in Tompkins County, New York
Copper-Gold Fertility of Arc Volcanic Rocks: A Case Study from the Early Permian Lizzie Creek Volcanic Group, NE Queensland, Australia
Kinematics, U-Pb geochronology, and 40 Ar/ 39 Ar thermochronology of the Gold Hill shear zone, North Carolina: The Cherokee orogeny in Carolinia, Southern Appalachians
CREATION AND EXTINCTION: THE GEOLOGICAL BACKGROUND TO THE INITIAL AMERICAN RECEPTION OF CHARLES DARWIN’S ORIGIN OF SPECIES
EVOLUTION OF THE LATE ORDOVICIAN ORTHID BRACHIOPOD GNAMPTORHYNCHOS JIN, 1989 FROM PLATYSTROPHIA KING, 1850, IN NORTH AMERICA
Early to Middle Ordovician back-arc basin in the southern Appalachian Blue Ridge: Characteristics, extent, and tectonic significance
Lithostratigraphy of Cincinnatian Series (Upper Ordovician) in Southeastern Indiana: GEOLOGICAL NOTES
Lower to middle Paleozoic sequence stratigraphy and paleontology in the greater Louisville, Kentucky, area
ABSTRACT The Cincinnati Arch region of Ohio, Kentucky, and Indiana is an icon of North American Paleozoic stratigraphy, as it exposes strata ranging from Ordovician to Pennsylvanian in age. In particular, the highly fossiliferous Ordovician, Silurian, and Middle Devonian successions have been extensively studied since the nineteenth century, and continue to serve as a crucial proving ground for new methods and models of biostratigraphy, chemostratigraphy, and sequence stratigraphy in mixed clasticcarbonate depositional settings. These strata are locally capped by Middle Devonian limestones with their own diverse fauna and unique depositional history. Outcrops near Louisville, Kentucky, provide an excellent opportunity to examine these strata firsthand and discuss sequence stratigraphy, chemostratigraphy, sedimentary environments, and paleoecology. A series of new roadcuts south of Mount Washington, Kentucky, exposes the lower to middle Richmondian Stage (Upper Ordovician, Cincinnatian) and presents a diverse suite of marine facies, from peritidal mudstones to offshore shoals, coral biostromes, and subtidal shales. These exposures are well suited for highlighting the revised sequence stratigraphy of the Cincinnatian Series, presented herein. Nearby outcrops also include much of the local Silurian succession, allowing an in-depth observation of Llandovery and Wenlock strata, including several chemostratigraphically important intervals that have improved regional and international correlation. Supplementary exposures east and north of Louisville provide context for subjacent and superjacent Ordovician-Silurian strata, as well as examples of lateral facies changes and unconformities. Additionally, the Falls of the Ohio at Clarksville, Indiana, features an exceptional outcrop of the overlying Middle Devonian succession, including an extensive and well-preserved biostrome of corals, sponges, and other marine fauna. These fossil beds, coupled with significant exposures in local quarries, are critical for understanding the paleoecology and stratigraphy of the Middle Devonian of the North American midcontinent.