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Format
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Journal
Publisher
Section
GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
-
Africa
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Central Africa
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Congo (1)
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Gabon (1)
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East Africa (1)
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Southern Africa
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Barberton greenstone belt (1)
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Alexander Terrane (2)
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Antarctica
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Transantarctic Mountains (1)
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Arctic region
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Greenland
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East Greenland (1)
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Peary Land (1)
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Svalbard
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Spitsbergen (1)
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Asia
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Central Asia
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Kazakhstan (1)
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Far East
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Burma (1)
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China
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Dabie Mountains (1)
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Guizhou China (1)
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North China Platform (1)
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Tongbai Mountains (1)
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Mongolia (2)
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Gobi Desert (1)
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Himalayas
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Indian Peninsula
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Bhutan (1)
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India
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Northeastern India
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Assam India (1)
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Son Valley (1)
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Jammu and Kashmir (1)
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Indus-Yarlung Zangbo suture zone (1)
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Middle East
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Israel (1)
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Turkey
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Menderes Massif (1)
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Russian Far East (1)
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Siberia (6)
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Siberian Platform (1)
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Vindhyan Basin (1)
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Atlantic Ocean
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North Atlantic
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Georges Bank (1)
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Gulf of Mexico
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Labrador Sea
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North Sea (1)
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South Atlantic
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Australasia
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Australia
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Northern Territory Australia
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Queensland Australia (1)
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Papua New Guinea (1)
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Caledonides (1)
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Canada
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Arctic Archipelago (3)
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Cassiar Mountains (3)
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Cold Lake (1)
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Eastern Canada
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Baffin Island (2)
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Lancaster Sound (1)
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Maritime Provinces
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New Brunswick
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Gloucester County New Brunswick
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Bathurst mining district (1)
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Nova Scotia (1)
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Newfoundland and Labrador
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Labrador (1)
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Newfoundland (1)
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Ontario
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Cochrane District Ontario
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Timmins Ontario (1)
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Sudbury District Ontario (1)
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Quebec
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Abitibi County Quebec
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Val d'Or Quebec (1)
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Noranda Quebec (1)
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Temiscamingue County Quebec
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Rouyn Quebec (1)
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Mackenzie Mountains (2)
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Nunavut
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Baffin Island (2)
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Lancaster Sound (1)
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Stikinia Terrane (4)
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Western Canada
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Alberta
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Alberta Basin (8)
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Banff Alberta (2)
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Calgary Alberta (4)
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Drumheller Alberta (1)
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Elmworth Field (1)
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Peace River Arch (2)
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Athabasca Basin (3)
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British Columbia
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Bowser Basin (4)
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Cariboo Mountains (3)
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Dogtooth Mountains (1)
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Fernie Basin (1)
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Kimberley British Columbia (2)
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Kootenay Lake (2)
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Omineca Mountains (1)
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Queen Charlotte Islands (1)
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Saanich Inlet (1)
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Skeena Mountains (1)
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Sustut Basin (1)
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Tulameen coal area (1)
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Vancouver Island
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Victoria British Columbia (1)
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-
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Canadian Cordillera (76)
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Canadian Rocky Mountains (39)
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Crowsnest Pass (3)
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Manitoba
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Snow Lake Manitoba (1)
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Northwest Territories
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Great Bear Lake (1)
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Pine Point mining district (1)
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Red Deer River (1)
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Saskatchewan
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Wollaston Lake Belt (1)
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Yukon Territory
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Wernecke Mountains (1)
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Whitehorse Yukon Territory (1)
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-
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Whitehorse Trough (1)
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Cascade Range (2)
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Cascadia subduction zone (3)
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Channeled Scabland (1)
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Coast Mountains (1)
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Columbia River (2)
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Columbia River basin (3)
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Commonwealth of Independent States
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Kazakhstan (1)
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Russian Federation
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Russian Far East (1)
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Siberian Platform (1)
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Urals (1)
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Cook Inlet (1)
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Crater Lake (1)
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Elk River (1)
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Europe
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Alps
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Swiss Alps (1)
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Western Alps (1)
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Central Europe
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Switzerland
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Jura Mountains (1)
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Pyrenees (1)
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Southern Europe
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Iberian Peninsula
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Spain
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Cameros Basin (1)
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Castilla-La Mancha Spain
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Ebro Basin (1)
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La Rioja Spain
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Italy
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Emilia-Romagna Italy (1)
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Piemonte Italy
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Tuscany Italy (1)
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Western Europe
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Andorra (1)
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Ballachulish Complex (1)
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France
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Central Massif
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Montagne Noire (1)
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Gironde Estuary (1)
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Scandinavia
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Denmark (1)
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Sweden
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Norrbotten Sweden
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United Kingdom
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Great Britain
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England
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Scotland
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Argyllshire Scotland
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Islay (1)
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Ayrshire Scotland (1)
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Hebrides
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Inner Hebrides
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Islay (1)
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-
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Scottish Highlands (1)
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-
-
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Franklin Mountains (1)
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Front Range (4)
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Grand Canyon (2)
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Lewis thrust fault (5)
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Madison Range (3)
-
Marble Canyon (1)
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McGrath Quadrangle (1)
-
Mexico
-
Baja California Mexico (1)
-
La Popa Basin (1)
-
Mexico state
-
Federal District Mexico
-
Mexico City Mexico (1)
-
-
-
Nuevo Leon Mexico (1)
-
Sierra Madre Oriental (1)
-
Valley of Mexico (1)
-
-
Mill Creek (1)
-
Mount Baker (1)
-
North America
-
Appalachians (1)
-
Basin and Range Province
-
Great Basin (1)
-
-
Belt Basin (7)
-
Canadian Shield
-
Slave Province (4)
-
Superior Province
-
Abitibi Belt (1)
-
-
Taltson magmatic zone (1)
-
-
Denali Fault (2)
-
Disturbed Belt (2)
-
Glacier National Park (7)
-
Great Plains
-
Northern Great Plains (4)
-
-
Intermontane Belt (6)
-
Kootenay Arc (20)
-
Methow Basin (1)
-
North American Cordillera
-
Canadian Cordillera (76)
-
-
North American Craton (5)
-
Ogilvie Mountains (1)
-
Okanagan Valley (4)
-
Okanogan Range (2)
-
Omineca Belt (15)
-
Purcell Mountains (8)
-
Rio Grande Rift (1)
-
Rocky Mountain Trench (4)
-
Rocky Mountains
-
Canadian Rocky Mountains (39)
-
Northern Rocky Mountains (6)
-
Selkirk Mountains (1)
-
Southern Rocky Mountains (2)
-
U. S. Rocky Mountains
-
Absaroka Range
-
Beartooth Mountains (1)
-
-
Bighorn Mountains (1)
-
Bitterroot Range (1)
-
Bridger Range (2)
-
Flint Creek Range (1)
-
Little Belt Mountains (1)
-
Tobacco Root Mountains (1)
-
Wasatch Range (1)
-
Wind River Range (1)
-
-
-
Rocky Mountains foreland (5)
-
Shuswap Complex (10)
-
Slide Mountain Terrane (4)
-
Sweetgrass Arch (7)
-
Tintina Fault (3)
-
Transcontinental Arch (1)
-
Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (14)
-
Western Interior
-
Western Interior Seaway (4)
-
-
Western Overthrust Belt (2)
-
Williston Basin (5)
-
Yukon-Tanana Terrane (8)
-
Yukon-Tanana Upland (1)
-
-
Pacific Coast (1)
-
Pacific Ocean
-
East Pacific
-
Northeast Pacific
-
Mendocino fracture zone (1)
-
Queen Charlotte Basin (1)
-
-
-
North Pacific
-
Northeast Pacific
-
Mendocino fracture zone (1)
-
Queen Charlotte Basin (1)
-
-
-
Pacific Basin (1)
-
-
Papuan fold belt (1)
-
Peace River (1)
-
Peninsular Ranges (1)
-
Pioneer Mountains (2)
-
Quesnel Lake (2)
-
Quesnellia Terrane (12)
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Ruby Range (1)
-
San Andreas Fault (2)
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San Juan Islands (1)
-
Sawtooth Range (5)
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Sierra Nevada (4)
-
South America
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Andes
-
Central Andes (1)
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Cordillera Real (1)
-
-
Bolivia (1)
-
Brazil
-
Bahia Brazil (1)
-
-
Colombia (1)
-
-
Sullivan Mine (1)
-
Sydney Basin (1)
-
United States
-
Alaska
-
Alaska Range (2)
-
Kenai Peninsula (1)
-
Salcha River (1)
-
Talkeetna Quadrangle (1)
-
-
Arizona
-
Coconino County Arizona (1)
-
-
Bighorn Basin (4)
-
California
-
Imperial County California
-
Cargo Muchacho Mountains (1)
-
-
Inyo County California
-
Funeral Mountains (1)
-
-
Northern California (1)
-
Santa Barbara County California (1)
-
Santa Ynez Mountains (1)
-
-
Cedar Creek Anticline (1)
-
Clark's Fork Basin (1)
-
Coeur d'Alene mining district (6)
-
Colorado
-
Las Animas County Colorado (1)
-
Moffat County Colorado (1)
-
Rio Blanco County Colorado (1)
-
Routt County Colorado (1)
-
San Miguel County Colorado (1)
-
-
Colorado Plateau (4)
-
Columbia Plateau (3)
-
Great Basin (1)
-
Idaho
-
Blaine County Idaho (1)
-
Bonner County Idaho (1)
-
Custer County Idaho (1)
-
Idaho County Idaho (1)
-
Kootenai County Idaho (1)
-
Latah County Idaho (1)
-
Lemhi County Idaho
-
Blackbird mining district (3)
-
-
Lost River Range (1)
-
Nez Perce County Idaho (1)
-
-
Kentucky
-
Lawrence County Kentucky (1)
-
Pike County Kentucky (1)
-
-
Klamath Mountains (1)
-
Lewis and Clark Lineament (2)
-
Midcontinent (2)
-
Minnesota (1)
-
Missouri River (1)
-
Mojave Desert (1)
-
Montana
-
Beaverhead County Montana (1)
-
Bridger Range (2)
-
Broadwater County Montana (2)
-
Crazy Mountains Basin (1)
-
Deer Lodge County Montana (1)
-
Fergus County Montana (1)
-
Flathead County Montana (2)
-
Flint Creek Range (1)
-
Gallatin County Montana (4)
-
Garfield County Montana (2)
-
Glacier County Montana (2)
-
Granite County Montana (1)
-
Hill County Montana (1)
-
Jefferson County Montana (2)
-
Lewis and Clark County Montana
-
Helena Montana (2)
-
-
Liberty County Montana (1)
-
Lincoln County Montana (1)
-
Little Belt Mountains (1)
-
Madison County Montana
-
Tobacco Root Mountains (1)
-
-
Mineral County Montana (1)
-
Missoula County Montana (2)
-
Ravalli County Montana (1)
-
Sanders County Montana (1)
-
Silver Bow County Montana (1)
-
Stillwater County Montana (1)
-
Sweet Grass County Montana (1)
-
Teton County Montana (2)
-
Toole County Montana (2)
-
Wheatland County Montana (1)
-
-
Nevada
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Lincoln County Nevada (1)
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Roberts Mountains Allochthon (2)
-
-
New Mexico
-
Picuris Range (1)
-
-
North Dakota (5)
-
Ohio
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Athens County Ohio
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Athens Ohio (1)
-
-
-
Oregon
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Klamath County Oregon
-
Mount Mazama (1)
-
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Lake County Oregon (1)
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-
Powder River basin (1)
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Sevier orogenic belt (10)
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South Dakota (4)
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Texas
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Montague County Texas (1)
-
-
U. S. Rocky Mountains
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Absaroka Range
-
Beartooth Mountains (1)
-
-
Bighorn Mountains (1)
-
Bitterroot Range (1)
-
Bridger Range (2)
-
Flint Creek Range (1)
-
Little Belt Mountains (1)
-
Tobacco Root Mountains (1)
-
Wasatch Range (1)
-
Wind River Range (1)
-
-
Utah
-
Carbon County Utah (1)
-
Emery County Utah (2)
-
Garfield County Utah (1)
-
Grand County Utah (1)
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Henry Mountains (1)
-
Millard County Utah
-
House Range (1)
-
-
San Rafael Swell (2)
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Sevier County Utah (1)
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Vermont
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Franklin County Vermont (1)
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-
Washington
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Ferry County Washington (1)
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Okanogan County Washington (1)
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Pend Oreille County Washington (3)
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San Juan County Washington (1)
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Spokane County Washington
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Spokane Washington (1)
-
-
Stevens County Washington (3)
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Whatcom County Washington (2)
-
-
Western U.S. (7)
-
Wyoming
-
Hot Springs County Wyoming (1)
-
Lincoln County Wyoming (1)
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Teton County Wyoming (1)
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Wind River Range (1)
-
-
Yavapai Province (1)
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Yellowstone National Park (1)
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Yellowstone River (2)
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Willow Creek (1)
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Wind River basin (1)
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Wood River (1)
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commodities
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bitumens (4)
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brines (2)
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coal deposits (3)
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energy sources (10)
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magnesite deposits (1)
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metal ores
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base metals (7)
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bismuth ores (1)
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cobalt ores (5)
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copper ores (16)
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gold ores (15)
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iron ores (4)
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lead ores (25)
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lead-zinc deposits (17)
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molybdenum ores (5)
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palladium ores (1)
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platinum ores (1)
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polymetallic ores (3)
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rare earth deposits (1)
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silver ores (20)
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tin ores (1)
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uranium ores (3)
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zinc ores (25)
-
-
mineral deposits, genesis (44)
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mineral exploration (18)
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mineral resources (3)
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oil and gas fields (17)
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petroleum
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natural gas
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coalbed methane (1)
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-
-
phosphate deposits (1)
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placers (2)
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quartz crystal (1)
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talc deposits (1)
-
-
elements, isotopes
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carbon
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C-13/C-12 (18)
-
C-14 (6)
-
organic carbon (3)
-
-
chemical ratios (3)
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hydrogen
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D/H (3)
-
-
isotope ratios (46)
-
isotopes
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radioactive isotopes
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C-14 (6)
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (5)
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Pb-207/Pb-204 (3)
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Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (4)
-
-
stable isotopes
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C-13/C-12 (18)
-
D/H (3)
-
He-4/He-3 (1)
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (5)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (11)
-
Ne-22/Ne-21 (1)
-
O-18/O-16 (22)
-
Os-188/Os-187 (2)
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (5)
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Pb-207/Pb-204 (3)
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Pb-207/Pb-206 (2)
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Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-206 (1)
-
S-34/S-32 (8)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (4)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (9)
-
-
-
large-ion lithophile elements (1)
-
Lu/Hf (4)
-
metals
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alkali metals
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sodium (1)
-
-
alkaline earth metals
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barium (2)
-
strontium
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (9)
-
-
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aluminum (1)
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antimony (1)
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arsenic (1)
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bismuth (1)
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cadmium (1)
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cobalt (1)
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copper (2)
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gallium (1)
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germanium (1)
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hafnium
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Hf-177/Hf-176 (5)
-
-
indium (2)
-
iron (1)
-
lead
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (5)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (3)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (2)
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Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
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Pb-208/Pb-206 (1)
-
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manganese (1)
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platinum group
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osmium
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Os-188/Os-187 (2)
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palladium ores (1)
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platinum ores (1)
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precious metals (2)
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rare earths
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lanthanum (1)
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lutetium (1)
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neodymium
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Nd-144/Nd-143 (11)
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Sm-147/Nd-144 (4)
-
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samarium
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Sm-147/Nd-144 (4)
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scandium (2)
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terbium (1)
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ytterbium (1)
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rhenium (1)
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silver (2)
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tin (1)
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vanadium (1)
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zinc (3)
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nitrogen
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organic nitrogen (1)
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noble gases
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helium
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He-4/He-3 (1)
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neon
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Ne-22/Ne-21 (1)
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-
-
oxygen
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O-18/O-16 (22)
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selenium (2)
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sulfur
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S-34/S-32 (8)
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tellurium (1)
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trace metals (3)
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fossils
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burrows (1)
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Chordata
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Tetrapoda
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Reptilia
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Diapsida
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Archosauria
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dinosaurs
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Ornithischia
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Saurischia
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Sauropodomorpha
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Theropoda
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Carnosauria
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Allosaurus (1)
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Coelurosauria
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Tyrannosauridae (1)
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Lepidosauria
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Rhynchocephalia (2)
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eukaryotes (1)
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Invertebrata
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Crustacea
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Branchiopoda (1)
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Ostracoda
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Podocopida
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Cypridocopina (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Trilobitomorpha
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Trilobita (1)
-
-
-
Brachiopoda
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Articulata
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Terebratulida (1)
-
-
-
Bryozoa (1)
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Cnidaria
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Anthozoa (1)
-
-
Echinodermata
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Echinozoa
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Echinoidea (2)
-
-
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Mollusca
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Bivalvia
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Ostreoidea
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Ostreidae
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Ostrea (1)
-
-
-
-
Cephalopoda
-
Ammonoidea
-
Ammonites (1)
-
-
-
Gastropoda (1)
-
-
Porifera (2)
-
Protista
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Foraminifera (4)
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Radiolaria (1)
-
-
-
microfossils
-
Charophyta (2)
-
Conodonta (8)
-
-
palynomorphs
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acritarchs (2)
-
Dinoflagellata (1)
-
miospores
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pollen (4)
-
-
-
Plantae
-
algae
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Chlorophyta
-
Charophyta (2)
-
-
-
Pteridophyta
-
Lycopsida (1)
-
-
Spermatophyta
-
Gymnospermae
-
Ginkgoales
-
Ginkgo (1)
-
-
-
-
-
problematic fossils (3)
-
thallophytes (1)
-
-
geochronology methods
-
(U-Th)/He (2)
-
Ar/Ar (28)
-
fission-track dating (5)
-
K/Ar (8)
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Lu/Hf (4)
-
paleomagnetism (20)
-
Pb/Pb (2)
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Rb/Sr (5)
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Re/Os (7)
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Sm/Nd (7)
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tephrochronology (4)
-
Th/U (1)
-
thermochronology (6)
-
U/Pb (80)
-
U/Th/Pb (1)
-
-
geologic age
-
Cenozoic
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Quaternary
-
Cordilleran ice sheet (3)
-
Holocene
-
upper Holocene (1)
-
-
Mazama Ash (2)
-
Pleistocene
-
Lake Missoula (1)
-
upper Pleistocene
-
Weichselian
-
upper Weichselian
-
Younger Dryas (1)
-
-
-
Wisconsinan
-
upper Wisconsinan
-
Fraser Glaciation (1)
-
-
-
-
-
upper Quaternary (1)
-
-
Tertiary
-
lower Tertiary (3)
-
Neogene
-
Miocene
-
Aragonian (1)
-
Columbia River Basalt Group (2)
-
Grande Ronde Basalt (1)
-
lower Miocene (1)
-
middle Miocene
-
Langhian (1)
-
Serravallian (1)
-
-
Saddle Mountains Basalt (1)
-
upper Miocene
-
Tortonian (1)
-
Turolian (1)
-
-
Vallesian (1)
-
Wanapum Basalt (1)
-
-
Pliocene
-
upper Pliocene (1)
-
-
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene
-
Absaroka Supergroup (1)
-
Cozy Dell Formation (1)
-
lower Eocene (2)
-
-
Kenai Group (1)
-
Oligocene
-
upper Oligocene (1)
-
-
Paleocene
-
Lebo Member (1)
-
lower Paleocene
-
Danian (1)
-
K-T boundary (1)
-
-
middle Paleocene (1)
-
Ravenscrag Formation (1)
-
upper Paleocene
-
Tiffanian (1)
-
-
-
Renova Formation (2)
-
-
-
upper Cenozoic (1)
-
-
Coal Measures (1)
-
Dalradian (2)
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Blairmore Group (12)
-
Colorado Group (4)
-
Comanchean
-
Antlers Sands (1)
-
-
Dakota Formation (2)
-
Lower Cretaceous
-
Albian
-
lower Albian (1)
-
upper Albian (1)
-
-
Antlers Sands (1)
-
Aptian (3)
-
Bear River Formation (2)
-
Berriasian (1)
-
Blackleaf Formation (3)
-
Bluesky Formation (1)
-
Burro Canyon Formation (4)
-
Cadomin Formation (8)
-
Cedar Mountain Formation (1)
-
Clearwater Formation (2)
-
Cloverly Formation (2)
-
Gething Formation (4)
-
Kootenay Formation (3)
-
Mannville Group (16)
-
McMurray Formation (4)
-
Moosebar Formation (2)
-
Mowry Shale (1)
-
Muddy Sandstone (1)
-
Neocomian (1)
-
Spirit River Formation (2)
-
-
Mancos Shale (1)
-
Middle Cretaceous (7)
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Bearpaw Formation (3)
-
Belle Fourche Shale (1)
-
Belly River Formation (3)
-
Campanian (4)
-
Cardium Formation (6)
-
Cenomanian
-
Dunvegan Formation (3)
-
-
Cody Shale (1)
-
Coniacian (1)
-
Eagle Sandstone (1)
-
Edmonton Group (1)
-
Elkhorn Mountains Volcanics (1)
-
Frontier Formation (2)
-
Hell Creek Formation (1)
-
Horseshoe Canyon Formation (2)
-
Judith River Formation (1)
-
K-T boundary (1)
-
Maestrichtian (2)
-
Milk River Formation (3)
-
Oldman Formation (1)
-
Saint Mary River Formation (2)
-
Senonian (4)
-
Turonian (2)
-
Two Medicine Formation (3)
-
-
Viking Formation (1)
-
-
Jurassic
-
Fernie Formation (8)
-
Lower Jurassic
-
Laberge Group (1)
-
Nordegg Member (2)
-
Pliensbachian (1)
-
-
Middle Jurassic
-
Aalenian (1)
-
Bajocian
-
Ness Formation (1)
-
-
Summerville Formation (1)
-
-
Upper Jurassic
-
Brushy Basin Member (1)
-
Kimmeridgian
-
upper Kimmeridgian (1)
-
-
Morrison Formation (8)
-
Oxfordian (1)
-
Salt Wash Sandstone Member (1)
-
Swift Formation (4)
-
-
-
Kunga Group (1)
-
lower Mesozoic (1)
-
Mist Mountain Formation (5)
-
Triassic
-
Charlie Lake Formation (1)
-
Liard Formation (2)
-
Lower Triassic
-
Permian-Triassic boundary (3)
-
-
Middle Triassic
-
Doig Formation (1)
-
Ladinian (1)
-
-
Montney Formation (5)
-
Nicola Group (1)
-
Upper Triassic
-
Baldonnel Formation (1)
-
Norian (1)
-
Pardonet Formation (1)
-
Rhaetian (1)
-
-
-
-
MIS 5 (1)
-
Paleozoic
-
Bedford Shale (1)
-
Berea Sandstone (1)
-
Cambrian
-
Lardeau Group (3)
-
Lower Cambrian
-
Gog Group (1)
-
-
Middle Cambrian
-
Burgess Shale (8)
-
Marjum Formation (1)
-
Metaline Limestone (3)
-
Wheeler Formation (1)
-
-
Pioche Shale (1)
-
Upper Cambrian
-
Bonneterre Formation (1)
-
-
-
Carboniferous
-
Big Snowy Group (1)
-
Chilliwack Group (1)
-
Lower Carboniferous
-
Dinantian (4)
-
-
Mississippian
-
Lower Mississippian
-
Kinderhookian
-
Banff Formation (6)
-
-
Lodgepole Formation (2)
-
-
Madison Group (4)
-
Upper Mississippian (1)
-
-
Pennsylvanian
-
Morien Group (1)
-
-
Upper Carboniferous
-
Westphalian (2)
-
-
-
Devonian
-
Lower Devonian
-
Emsian (1)
-
-
Middle Devonian
-
Eifelian (1)
-
-
Upper Devonian
-
Duperow Formation (1)
-
Famennian
-
Wabamun Group (3)
-
-
Frasnian (3)
-
Grosmont Formation (1)
-
Jefferson Group (1)
-
Palliser Formation (3)
-
-
-
Earn Group (1)
-
Exshaw Formation (6)
-
Ishbel Group (1)
-
Knox Group (1)
-
lower Paleozoic (7)
-
middle Paleozoic (4)
-
Ordovician
-
Lower Ordovician (3)
-
Middle Ordovician
-
Decorah Shale (1)
-
Galena Dolomite (1)
-
Platteville Formation (1)
-
-
-
Permian
-
Ranger Canyon Formation (1)
-
Upper Permian
-
Permian-Triassic boundary (3)
-
-
-
Sauk Sequence (1)
-
Shoo Fly Complex (1)
-
Silurian (2)
-
Tippecanoe Sequence (1)
-
upper Paleozoic
-
Bakken Formation (4)
-
Kaskaskia Sequence (1)
-
-
-
Phanerozoic (7)
-
Precambrian
-
Archean
-
J-M Reef (1)
-
Neoarchean (3)
-
Taihua Group (1)
-
-
Eocambrian (1)
-
Johnnie Formation (1)
-
Kingston Peak Formation (1)
-
Prichard Formation (1)
-
Purcell System (10)
-
Stillwater Complex (1)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Athabasca Formation (1)
-
Mesoproterozoic
-
Aldridge Formation (4)
-
Altyn Limestone (1)
-
Belt Supergroup (26)
-
Bonner Formation (1)
-
Helena Formation (1)
-
Helikian (1)
-
Missoula Group (1)
-
Newland Limestone (2)
-
Ravalli Group (2)
-
Revett Quartzite (2)
-
Wallace Formation (1)
-
-
Miette Group (3)
-
Neoproterozoic
-
Cryogenian (1)
-
Ediacaran (1)
-
Hadrynian (1)
-
Horsethief Creek Group (3)
-
Moine Supergroup (1)
-
-
Paleoproterozoic
-
Wollaston Group (1)
-
-
Windermere System (2)
-
-
-
-
Vindhyan (1)
-
-
igneous rocks
-
igneous rocks
-
plutonic rocks
-
diabase (2)
-
diorites
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tonalite (1)
-
-
gabbros (2)
-
granites
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A-type granites (1)
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biotite granite (1)
-
leucogranite (1)
-
monzogranite (1)
-
two-mica granite (1)
-
-
granodiorites (3)
-
monzonites (2)
-
pegmatite (5)
-
quartz monzonite (1)
-
syenites (1)
-
ultramafics
-
peridotites
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lherzolite (1)
-
-
-
-
porphyry (2)
-
volcanic rocks
-
andesites (2)
-
basalts
-
alkali basalts
-
alkali olivine basalt (1)
-
-
flood basalts (2)
-
mid-ocean ridge basalts (2)
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shoshonite (1)
-
tholeiitic basalt (1)
-
-
glasses (1)
-
pyroclastics
-
hyaloclastite (1)
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scoria (1)
-
tuff (2)
-
-
rhyolites (1)
-
-
-
ophiolite (1)
-
volcanic ash (2)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
metamorphic rocks
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amphibolites (4)
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gneisses
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orthogneiss (6)
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paragneiss (3)
-
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metaigneous rocks
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metabasalt (2)
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metabasite (1)
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metagranite (1)
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metarhyolite (1)
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metatuff (1)
-
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metasedimentary rocks
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metaconglomerate (2)
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metapelite (5)
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metasandstone (1)
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paragneiss (3)
-
-
metasomatic rocks
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skarn (2)
-
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metavolcanic rocks (5)
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migmatites (5)
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mylonites (1)
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phyllonites (1)
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quartzites (7)
-
schists
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greenstone (1)
-
-
-
ophiolite (1)
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turbidite (11)
-
-
minerals
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carbonates
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dolomite (4)
-
magnesite (1)
-
siderite (1)
-
-
organic minerals
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amber (1)
-
-
oxides
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cassiterite (1)
-
franklinite (1)
-
goethite (1)
-
iron oxides (3)
-
magnetite (6)
-
niobates
-
aeschynite (1)
-
-
rutile (1)
-
senarmontite (1)
-
spinel group (1)
-
thorianite (1)
-
uraninite (2)
-
valentinite (1)
-
wustite (1)
-
-
phosphates
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apatite (5)
-
monazite (7)
-
xenotime (4)
-
-
silicates
-
chain silicates
-
amphibole group
-
clinoamphibole
-
hornblende (6)
-
-
-
pyroxene group
-
clinopyroxene (1)
-
orthopyroxene (1)
-
-
-
framework silicates
-
feldspar group
-
alkali feldspar
-
K-feldspar (3)
-
sanidine (1)
-
-
plagioclase (2)
-
-
silica minerals
-
quartz (5)
-
-
zeolite group
-
edingtonite (1)
-
-
-
orthosilicates
-
nesosilicates
-
andalusite (1)
-
garnet group
-
spessartine (1)
-
-
sillimanite (1)
-
titanite group
-
titanite (4)
-
-
zircon group
-
zircon (72)
-
-
-
sorosilicates
-
bertrandite (1)
-
epidote group
-
epidote (1)
-
-
-
-
ring silicates
-
aquamarine (1)
-
beryl (2)
-
-
sheet silicates
-
chlorite group
-
chamosite (1)
-
chlorite (6)
-
clinochlore (1)
-
-
clay minerals
-
beidellite (1)
-
kaolinite (6)
-
montmorillonite (2)
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nontronite (1)
-
smectite (6)
-
vermiculite (1)
-
-
corrensite (1)
-
illite (8)
-
mica group
-
biotite (13)
-
celadonite (1)
-
muscovite (9)
-
-
sericite (1)
-
-
-
sulfates
-
anglesite (1)
-
-
sulfides
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bornite (1)
-
chalcocite (1)
-
chalcopyrite (4)
-
galena (1)
-
molybdenite (4)
-
pyrite (4)
-
pyrrhotite (1)
-
sphalerite (3)
-
-
-
Primary terms
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absolute age (114)
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academic institutions (1)
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Africa
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Central Africa
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Congo (1)
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Gabon (1)
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East Africa (1)
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Southern Africa
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Barberton greenstone belt (1)
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-
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Antarctica
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Transantarctic Mountains (1)
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Arctic region
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Greenland
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East Greenland (1)
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Peary Land (1)
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Svalbard
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Spitsbergen (1)
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Asia
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Central Asia
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Kazakhstan (1)
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Far East
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Burma (1)
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China
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Dabie Mountains (1)
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Guizhou China (1)
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North China Platform (1)
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Tongbai Mountains (1)
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Mongolia (2)
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Gobi Desert (1)
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Himalayas
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Zanskar Range (1)
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Indian Peninsula
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Bhutan (1)
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India
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Northeastern India
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Arunachal Pradesh India (1)
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Assam India (1)
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Son Valley (1)
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Jammu and Kashmir (1)
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Indus-Yarlung Zangbo suture zone (1)
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Middle East
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Israel (1)
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Turkey
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Menderes Massif (1)
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Russian Far East (1)
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Siberia (6)
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Siberian Platform (1)
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Vindhyan Basin (1)
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Atlantic Ocean
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North Atlantic
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Georges Bank (1)
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Gulf of Mexico
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Labrador Sea
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North Sea (1)
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South Atlantic
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Santos Basin (1)
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-
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Australasia
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Australia
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New South Wales Australia (1)
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Northern Territory Australia
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HYC Deposit (1)
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Queensland Australia (1)
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Papua New Guinea (1)
-
-
bibliography (5)
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biogeography (5)
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bitumens (4)
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brines (2)
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Canada
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Arctic Archipelago (3)
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Cassiar Mountains (3)
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Cold Lake (1)
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Eastern Canada
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Baffin Island (2)
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Lancaster Sound (1)
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Maritime Provinces
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New Brunswick
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Gloucester County New Brunswick
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Nova Scotia (1)
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Newfoundland and Labrador
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Ontario
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Quebec
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Temiscamingue County Quebec
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Mackenzie Mountains (2)
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Nunavut
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Baffin Island (2)
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Lancaster Sound (1)
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Stikinia Terrane (4)
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Western Canada
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Alberta
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Alberta Basin (8)
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Banff Alberta (2)
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Elmworth Field (1)
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Peace River Arch (2)
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Athabasca Basin (3)
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British Columbia
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Bowser Basin (4)
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Cariboo Mountains (3)
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Dogtooth Mountains (1)
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Fernie Basin (1)
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Kimberley British Columbia (2)
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Kootenay Lake (2)
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Tulameen coal area (1)
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Vancouver Island
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Victoria British Columbia (1)
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Canadian Cordillera (76)
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Canadian Rocky Mountains (39)
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Crowsnest Pass (3)
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Manitoba
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Flin Flon Manitoba (1)
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Snow Lake Manitoba (1)
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Northwest Territories
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Great Bear Lake (1)
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Pine Point mining district (1)
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Red Deer River (1)
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Saskatchewan
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Wollaston Lake Belt (1)
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Yukon Territory
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Wernecke Mountains (1)
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Whitehorse Yukon Territory (1)
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-
-
Whitehorse Trough (1)
-
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (18)
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C-14 (6)
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organic carbon (3)
-
-
catalogs (1)
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Cenozoic
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Quaternary
-
Cordilleran ice sheet (3)
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Holocene
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upper Holocene (1)
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-
Mazama Ash (2)
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Pleistocene
-
Lake Missoula (1)
-
upper Pleistocene
-
Weichselian
-
upper Weichselian
-
Younger Dryas (1)
-
-
-
Wisconsinan
-
upper Wisconsinan
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Fraser Glaciation (1)
-
-
-
-
-
upper Quaternary (1)
-
-
Tertiary
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lower Tertiary (3)
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Neogene
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Miocene
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Aragonian (1)
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Columbia River Basalt Group (2)
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Grande Ronde Basalt (1)
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lower Miocene (1)
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middle Miocene
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Langhian (1)
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Serravallian (1)
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-
Saddle Mountains Basalt (1)
-
upper Miocene
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Tortonian (1)
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Turolian (1)
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Vallesian (1)
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Wanapum Basalt (1)
-
-
Pliocene
-
upper Pliocene (1)
-
-
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene
-
Absaroka Supergroup (1)
-
Cozy Dell Formation (1)
-
lower Eocene (2)
-
-
Kenai Group (1)
-
Oligocene
-
upper Oligocene (1)
-
-
Paleocene
-
Lebo Member (1)
-
lower Paleocene
-
Danian (1)
-
K-T boundary (1)
-
-
middle Paleocene (1)
-
Ravenscrag Formation (1)
-
upper Paleocene
-
Tiffanian (1)
-
-
-
Renova Formation (2)
-
-
-
upper Cenozoic (1)
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Chordata
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Vertebrata
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Pisces (1)
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Tetrapoda
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Mammalia (3)
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Reptilia
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Anapsida
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Testudines
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Cryptodira (1)
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Diapsida
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Archosauria
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dinosaurs
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Ornithischia
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Ankylosauria (1)
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Saurischia
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Sauropodomorpha
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Sauropoda
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Camarasaurus (1)
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-
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Theropoda
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Carnosauria
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Allosaurus (1)
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Coelurosauria
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Tyrannosauridae (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Lepidosauria
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Rhynchocephalia (2)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
clay mineralogy (10)
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climate change (4)
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coal deposits (3)
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continental drift (7)
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continental shelf (1)
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crust (28)
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crystal chemistry (6)
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crystal growth (4)
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crystal structure (5)
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dams (2)
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data processing (5)
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Deep Sea Drilling Project
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Leg 12
-
DSDP Site 112 (1)
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-
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deformation (46)
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diagenesis (23)
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Cephalopoda
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Mesozoic
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Cretaceous
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Blairmore Group (12)
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Comanchean
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Dakota Formation (2)
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Lower Cretaceous
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Albian
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lower Albian (1)
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Antlers Sands (1)
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Cadomin Formation (8)
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Cedar Mountain Formation (1)
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Cloverly Formation (2)
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Mannville Group (16)
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McMurray Formation (4)
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Mancos Shale (1)
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Upper Cretaceous
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Bearpaw Formation (3)
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Campanian (4)
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Cardium Formation (6)
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Cenomanian
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Dunvegan Formation (3)
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Cody Shale (1)
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Coniacian (1)
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Eagle Sandstone (1)
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Edmonton Group (1)
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Frontier Formation (2)
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Hell Creek Formation (1)
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Horseshoe Canyon Formation (2)
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Judith River Formation (1)
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K-T boundary (1)
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Maestrichtian (2)
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Milk River Formation (3)
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Oldman Formation (1)
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Saint Mary River Formation (2)
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Senonian (4)
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Turonian (2)
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Two Medicine Formation (3)
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Viking Formation (1)
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Jurassic
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Fernie Formation (8)
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Lower Jurassic
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Middle Jurassic
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Summerville Formation (1)
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Upper Jurassic
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Brushy Basin Member (1)
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Kimmeridgian
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upper Kimmeridgian (1)
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Morrison Formation (8)
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Oxfordian (1)
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Salt Wash Sandstone Member (1)
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Swift Formation (4)
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Kunga Group (1)
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lower Mesozoic (1)
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Mist Mountain Formation (5)
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Triassic
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Charlie Lake Formation (1)
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Liard Formation (2)
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Lower Triassic
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Permian-Triassic boundary (3)
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Middle Triassic
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Doig Formation (1)
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Ladinian (1)
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Montney Formation (5)
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Upper Triassic
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Baldonnel Formation (1)
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Norian (1)
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metal ores
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (9)
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North America
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Rocky Mountains foreland (5)
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Shuswap Complex (10)
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Western Interior
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Ocean Drilling Program
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oxygen
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O-18/O-16 (22)
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Pacific Coast (1)
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Paleozoic
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Bedford Shale (1)
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Cambrian
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Lower Cambrian
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Middle Cambrian
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Burgess Shale (8)
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Marjum Formation (1)
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Metaline Limestone (3)
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Wheeler Formation (1)
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Pioche Shale (1)
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Upper Cambrian
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Bonneterre Formation (1)
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Carboniferous
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Big Snowy Group (1)
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Lower Carboniferous
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Dinantian (4)
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Mississippian
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Lower Mississippian
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Kinderhookian
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Banff Formation (6)
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Lodgepole Formation (2)
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Madison Group (4)
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Upper Mississippian (1)
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Pennsylvanian
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Upper Carboniferous
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Devonian
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Middle Devonian
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Upper Devonian
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Duperow Formation (1)
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Frasnian (3)
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Grosmont Formation (1)
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Earn Group (1)
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Exshaw Formation (6)
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Ordovician
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Decorah Shale (1)
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Permian
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Ranger Canyon Formation (1)
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Upper Permian
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Permian-Triassic boundary (3)
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Sauk Sequence (1)
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Shoo Fly Complex (1)
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Silurian (2)
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Tippecanoe Sequence (1)
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upper Paleozoic
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Bakken Formation (4)
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palynomorphs
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paragenesis (8)
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petroleum
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petrology (14)
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Plantae
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algae
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Chlorophyta
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Pteridophyta
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Lycopsida (1)
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Spermatophyta
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Gymnospermae
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Ginkgoales
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plate tectonics (40)
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pollution (4)
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Precambrian
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Archean
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J-M Reef (1)
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Neoarchean (3)
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Taihua Group (1)
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Eocambrian (1)
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Johnnie Formation (1)
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Purcell System (10)
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upper Precambrian
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Proterozoic
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Athabasca Formation (1)
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Mesoproterozoic
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Aldridge Formation (4)
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Belt Supergroup (26)
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Revett Quartzite (2)
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Wallace Formation (1)
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Miette Group (3)
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Neoproterozoic
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Cryogenian (1)
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Horsethief Creek Group (3)
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Paleoproterozoic
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Wollaston Group (1)
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Windermere System (2)
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problematic fossils (3)
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chemically precipitated rocks
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clastic rocks
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argillite (1)
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arkose (1)
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sulfur
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S-34/S-32 (8)
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GeoRef Categories
Era and Period
Epoch and Age
Book Series
Date
Availability
Kootenay Group
Distribution of major, minor and trace elements in coals of the Kootenay Group, Mount Allan, Alberta Available to Purchase
THE MORRISSEY AND MIST MOUNTAIN FORMATIONS — NEWLY DEFINED LITHOSTRATIGRAPHIC UNITS OF THE JURA-CRETACEOUS KOOTENAY GROUP, ALBERTA AND BRITISH COLUMBIA Available to Purchase
Structural geology of the Lardeau Group near Trout Lake, British Columbia: implications for the structural evolution of the Kootenay Arc Free
Evolution of the Cordilleran orogen (southwestern Alberta, Canada) inferred from detrital mineral geochronology, geochemistry, and Nd isotopes in the foreland basin Available to Purchase
Continental Lower Cretaceous Stratigraphy, Sweetgrass Arch Area, Southern Alberta and Northern Montana: ABSTRACT Free
A field guide to portions of the Jurassic Fernie–Kootenay Trans-Canada Highway section, Banff, Alberta: new sedimentological and structural observations and interpretations Available to Purchase
Relationship of the Stratigraphy of the Western Canada Foreland Basin to Cordilleran Tectonics: Insights from Geodynamic Models Available to Purchase
Abstract Geodynamic models of foreland basin development have enabled researchers to quantify the mechanical relationships between foreland basin subsidence and tectonic loads that cause down-flexing of the lithosphere. These models also provide a qualitative framework for construction of foreland basin stratigraphic sequences that are anticipated as having resulted from loading events caused by emplacement of overthrust sheets, terrane accretions, and changes in plate-boundary dynamics. Initial terrane accretion and associated overthrust emplacement at a preexisting passive margin are anticipated to result in an unconformity-bounded foreland succession that will exhibit a shallowing-upward pattern similar to the classic Flysch to Molasse succession of the European Alpine basins. A basal unconformity develops as a result of cratonward migration of the peripheral bulge associated with lithospheric flexure caused by the tectonically advancing terrane. The shallowing of sedimentary facies occurs because initially low sediment supply, a consequence of little or no subaerial expression across the terrane at early stages, is succeeded by a progressively coarser and more voluminous supply as significant tectonic uplift occurs across the terrane. The upper unconformity may develop primarily as a result of (1) relaxation of lithospheric bending stresses through time following overthrusting, resulting in migration of the peripheral bulge toward the orogene, and/or (2) reduction of the flexural load on the lithosphere through erosion or tectonic denudation of the overthrust belt, causing regional uplift or basin “rebound.” Later clastic wedges, associated with subsequent overthrust events sufficient to significantly modify the size or position of the tectonic load depressing the foreland basin, may depart from this idealized sequence in that (1) basal unconformities may not develop if eustatic sea level is high, or if there is little or no time lag between events; and (2) a clear shallowing-upward trend may be precluded if sediment supply can keep pace with relative subsidence, impeding the normal nonmarine to marine transition between stacked clastic wedges. In the case of alternative (1), however, the transition from one clastic wedge to another may be marked by a transition from predominantly nonmarine to marine conditions. Some clastic units appear to correlate in time with known eustatic changes; others are considered indicative of changes in tectonic loading. The stratigraphy of the Alberta basin has been subdivided by comparing it with the idealized sequence resulting from an individual tectonic loading (overthrust and/or accretion) event, modified to account for conditions prevalent after initial accretion. The ages of the six clastic wedges recognized (Fernie and Kootenay groups; Mannville Group; upper Fort St. John Group and Dunvegan Formation; Smoky Group and Belly River Formation; Edmonton Group; Paskapoo Formation—and their lateral equivalents) are compared with the times of accretion of Cordilleran terranes (Intermontane superterrane, terranes of the North Cascades and the Coast belt, Insular superterrane, and “outer” terranes of the latest Cretaceous-early Tertiary thrust stack). Some mechanical implications of a cause-and-effect relationship between terrane collisions and clastic wedges, if one exists, are discussed; it is also shown that most accreted terranes are too distant from the foreland basin to have influenced subsidence directly through tectonic loading of the lithosphere. General discrepancies in timing between collisions and clastic wedges may result from many factors, but the relatively well-understood temporal relations in the foreland basin provide an opportunity to more thoroughly investigate the use of foreland stratigraphy to constrain models of deformation and crustal thickening in the Cordillera.
RANK AND PETROGRAPHIC COMPOSITION OF SELECTED JURASSIC - LOWER CRETACEOUS COALS OF BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA Available to Purchase
Coalbed methane in Southeast British Columbia Available to Purchase
Situation and geological settings of the Frank Slide area. (A) View of the ... Available to Purchase
—A panoramic view looking southeast at the ridge along which cross section ... Available to Purchase
—View of the Central thrust (CT), looking southwest, with a relatively homo... Available to Purchase
Figure 3. Values of ϵ Nd at time of sedimentation plotted against stratigr... Available to Purchase
Figure 2. Stratigraphic column for foreland strata in southwestern Alberta.... Available to Purchase
—Dip-separation diagram for the Highwood-Elbow area, illustrating the inver... Available to Purchase
Stratigraphic comparison of the Lardeau and Covada groups: implications for revision of stratigraphic relations in the Kootenay Arc Free
Structural cross-sections illustrating changes in structural style from sou... Available to Purchase
Comparison between the shale-cored anticlines as seen in seismic (a) with t... Available to Purchase
Tectonic, Plutonic, and Metamorphic History of the Central Kootenay Arc, British Columbia, Canada Available to Purchase
That part of the Kootenay arc, a major structural element in southeastern British Columbia and northeastern Washington, mapped here (lats. 49°30′–49°51′ N., longs, 116°44′–117°00′ W.) spans central Kootenay Lake and includes a metasedimentary and metavolcanic section thicker than 20,000 feet and ranging in age from Proterozoic to Triassic. The lower Paleozoic sequence, about two-thirds of the total thickness, is unfossiliferous, and basal units, dominantly clastic, are conformable with the Precambrian section. These beds can be correlated with Lower Cambrian formations elsewhere along the Kootenay arc with some confidence on a lithologic basis. The overlying Lardeau Group is somewhat more heterogeneous, and regional correlation less certain as the result of: (1) structural complications unresolved by present incomplete regional mapping, (2) possible sedimentary facies changes across or along the Kootenay arc, and (3) the high contrast in metamorphic grade between the central Kootenay arc (a major part of which lies in the sillimanite zone) and the rest of the Kootenay arc most of which falls below the garnet zone. Separated from the Lardeau Group by a regionally important angular unconformity is the Carboniferous and Triassic Milford Group of great lithologic diversity. Still higher are Triassic metavolcanic (Kaslo Group) and mixed metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks (Slocan Group) with one or more possible disconformities. The Slocan and Milford Groups can be traced northward into fossiliferous beds and the Slocan Group in the central Kootenay arc is itself sparingly fossiliferous. Equivalence of the Milford, Kaslo, and Slocan Groups with all or part of the Ymir Group just to the south is, however, more problematical. There is no evidence in the central Kootenay arc for unmetamorphosed Carboniferous and younger beds over regionally metamorphosed basement rocks as has been described from the Shuswap terrane and elsewhere; parts of the Slocan Group are in the staurolite zone. As is typical of other mesozonal plutons, the Nelson and Bayonne batholiths show partially concordant, partially discordant intrusive relationships within the central Kootenay arc. The Nelson batholith locally has also a strongly cataclastic or gneissic border facies leading to some ambiguity concerning the manner and chronology of its emplacement. There are in addition numerous smaller quartz monzonite and granodiorite plutons, many peraluminous, some of which may be syntectonic or even pretectonic on the basis of their fabric and relationships with the enclosing rocks. They are most abundant in rocks of the highest metamorphic grade and some may be a product of partial anatexis. Macro-, meso-, and microscopic structure and fabric analysis as well as considerations of mineralogical equilibrium suggest that regional metamorphism preceded contact metamorphism associated with some of the major plutons and this primary metamorphic recrystallization was synchronous with the early stages of a strong penetrative deformation divided into three probably overlapping phases each distinguished by a characteristic fold geometry linked to the elastic or rheologic properties of an anisotropic layered sequence. The earliest (Phase I) folds are isoclinal, highly attenuated, similar folds parallel to the local trend of the Kootenay arc and largely control lithologic distribution. Their axial planes commonly dip at low to moderate angles to the west and the axial plunge is low to the north or south. Subparallel to Phase I folds are more open folds (Phase II) of opposite shear sense which have rotated fabrics associated with primary folding, most notably bedding and axial plane schistosity, through varying angles and locally affect the map pattern. Crossfolds or relatively open flexures (Phase III) are believed to have formed pari passu with the first two sets and subperpendicular to them. Strike faults developed locally during Phase I deformation and were apparently utilized for later movements as well. Other faulting and jointing formed still later and is of minor importance. In the vicinity of the Nelson batholith there has been some distortion of pre-existing structures. The interdependence of rock deformation, metamorphic recrystallization, and igneous intrusion in the context of recent absolute age determinations made on some of the major plutons as well as metamorphic minerals in the Shuswap terrane is of crucial significance in planning future field, petrologic, and isotopic programs. Results to date suggest a far more complex chronology than once postulated on geologic evidence alone. It appears likely that multiple deformation, igneous intrusion, and prograde metamorphism extended over 100 million years or more and was followed by a protracted period of mineralogical and structural readjustments in response to falling temperatures and release of tectonic as well as lithostatic pressures, the latter during rapid erosion or unloading of superjacent rocks. The Shuswap-type rocks of southeastern British Columbia to which the Kootenay Lake metamorphic belt has been traditionally considered genetically related and which flank the Nelson batholith on the north, east, and west, may therefore represent deep-seated penetrative deformation and attendant metamorphism, at conditions approaching partial fusion, of an heterogeneous section of no particular age. Shuswap-type rocks would, on this basis, be unrelated, contrary to an earlier concept, to the emplacement and associated thermal metamorphism of the outer and youngest zones of the Nelson batholith or similar complex multiple intrusions.