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—Representative sedimentary logs of (A) the Kirmaky Suite, (B) the post-Kirmaky Sand Suite (NKP), (C) the Pereriva Suite, the base of which occurs at 13.4 m, (D) the Balakhany Suite, and (E) the Sabunchi Suite.

—Representative sedimentary logs of (A) the Kirmaky Suite, (B) the post-Kir... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 January 1998
Figure 5 —Representative sedimentary logs of (A) the Kirmaky Suite, (B) the post-Kirmaky Sand Suite (NKP), (C) the Pereriva Suite, the base of which occurs at 13.4 m, (D) the Balakhany Suite, and (E) the Sabunchi Suite.
Book Chapter

Appendix 1 Available to Purchase

Book: Lacustrine Sandstone Reservoirs and Hydrocarbon Systems
Series: AAPG Memoir
Publisher: American Association of Petroleum Geologists
Published: 01 January 2012
DOI: 10.1306/13291402M953444
EISBN: 9781629810096
... Valley is a result of lateral shifts in facies belts. a. Kirmaky Suite - sublacustrine distributary channels in background of lacustrine mudstones. b. Lack of well developed paleosols. Only brief exposure periods. c. Interpreted distributary mouth bar facies in lower net to gross intervals...
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Abstract
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Abstract Discuss alternative models for deposition. 1. Parasequence model. Deposits represent normal progradation and transgression of lacustrine deltas, interrupted by occasional base level fall and basinward shift in facies. Base level driven, and the vertical facies succession in Kirmaky Valley is a result of lateral shifts in facies belts. a. Kirmaky Suite - sublacustrine distributary channels in background of lacustrine mudstones. b. Lack of well developed paleosols. Only brief exposure periods. c. Interpreted distributary mouth bar facies in lower net to gross intervals in cores. d. Coarsening and shallowing up of the upper portion of Kirmaky Suite into overlying Nad Kirmaky Sandstone (NKP) sandstones. 2. Climatically driven lake model. Sandstones primarily represent humid phases and abundant sediment supply whereas mudstone intervals primarily represent lowered inputs of both sediment and water. Sediment and water supply driven, and much of the vertical facies succession results from different depositional environments associated with different climatic settings. a. Nad Kirmaky Shale (NKG) Suite — One of the most continuous mudstone intervals in basin—regional pressure seal, yet abundant mud cracks, and palynology indicates arid climate (terminal fan?). b. Shales within Fasila and Balakhany at Kir-maky Valley similar to NKG. c. Extensive flooding shales at top of Balakhany and Sabunchy in offshore contain thin evaporites. d. Laterally extensive sand sheets. e. Lack of large-scale progradational cycles on well logs or seismic. f. Apparent, near-horizontal time lines.

Image
—The Zabrat-Ramany-East Surakhany tectonic block and oil deposits in Lower Kirmaki (LK) Suite within block. 1. (I) Zabrat-Ramany-East Surakhany block (downthrown); (ID Balakhany-Sabunchi-Central Surakhany block (upthrown); structural contours of top of Lower Kirmaki Suite. 2. Faults cuttmg Lower Kirmaki Suite. 3. Oil-bearing area in uppermost strata of Lower Kirmaki Suite. 4. Oil-bearing area known in lowermost strata of Lower Kirmaki Suite before 1960. 5. Oil-bearing area found in lowermost strata of Lower Kirmaki Suite in 1964-1966. 6. Ancient folds: A-Zabrat structure, B-Ramany structure, C-East Surakhany structure. 7. Wells with well number adjacent. CI = 100 m.

—The Zabrat-Ramany-East Surakhany tectonic block and oil deposits in Lower ... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 October 1969
Fig. 6. —The Zabrat-Ramany-East Surakhany tectonic block and oil deposits in Lower Kirmaki (LK) Suite within block. 1. (I) Zabrat-Ramany-East Surakhany block (downthrown); (ID Balakhany-Sabunchi-Central Surakhany block (upthrown); structural contours of top of Lower Kirmaki Suite. 2. Faults
Image
—Etiective thickness distribution diagram for lowermost strata of Lower Kirmaki Suite (Surakhany field). Location shown on Figure 2. A Isopach lines ot lowermost strata of Lower Kirmaki Suite. B Effective thickness of lowermost strata of Lower Kirmaki Suite (LK4, and LK5.

—Etiective thickness distribution diagram for lowermost strata of Lower Kir... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 October 1969
Fig. 4. —Etiective thickness distribution diagram for lowermost strata of Lower Kirmaki Suite (Surakhany field). Location shown on Figure 2 . A Isopach lines ot lowermost strata of Lower Kirmaki Suite. B Effective thickness of lowermost strata of Lower Kirmaki Suite (LK 4 , and LK 5 .
Image
—Effective thickness distribution diagram for lowermost strata of Lower Kirmaki Suite (Surakhany field). Location shown on Figure 2. A Isopach lines of lowermost strata of Lower Kirmaki Suite (minima are adjacent to ancient folds). B Effective thickness of lowermost strata of Lower Kirmaki Suite (LK5).

—Effective thickness distribution diagram for lowermost strata of Lower Kir... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 October 1969
Fig. 5. —Effective thickness distribution diagram for lowermost strata of Lower Kirmaki Suite (Surakhany field). Location shown on Figure 2 . A Isopach lines of lowermost strata of Lower Kirmaki Suite (minima are adjacent to ancient folds). B Effective thickness of lowermost strata of Lower
Image
Map of the location of the studied South Caspian areas, based on the map of tectonic zoning of Azerbaijan petroliferous provinces (Ali-Zade, 2008b). a–c – See the text for explanation. 1 – oil and gas fields; 2 – isobath, 200 m; 3 – NW–SE profile; 4 – oil pools with oil-dissolved gas; 5 – oil pools with gas caps; 6 – gas condensate pools. Hereafter, Ak – Akchal Regiostage, Ap – Apsheron Stage, Sur – Surakhani Formation, Sab – Sabunchi Formation, Bal – Balakhani Formation, SKS – Supra-Kirmaki Sand Formation, KF – Kirmaki Formation, SK – Sub-Kirmaki Formation, GaF – Gala Formation. Ap – Apsheron Stage, Ak – Akchal Regiostage, Sur – Surakhany Suite, Sab – Sabunchi Suite, Bal – Balakhany Suite, NKG – Above-Kirmaky Shale Suite, NKP – Above-Kirmaky-Sandstone Suite, KS – Kirmaky Suite, PK – Under-Kirmaky Suite, KaS – Kala Suite.

Map of the location of the studied South Caspian areas, based on the map of... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 October 2024
Formation. Ap – Apsheron Stage, Ak – Akchal Regiostage, Sur – Surakhany Suite, Sab – Sabunchi Suite, Bal – Balakhany Suite, NKG – Above-Kirmaky Shale Suite, NKP – Above-Kirmaky-Sandstone Suite, KS – Kirmaky Suite, PK – Under-Kirmaky Suite, KaS – Kala Suite.
Image
—Results of sampling lowermost strata of Lower Kirmaki Suite within Ramany-East Surakhany tectonic block. A. Structural contours top of Lower Kirmaki Suite. B. Wells drilled to Lower Kirmaki in 1964-1966 and put on production. C. Wells drilled along northeastern part of Surakhany field before 1964 which were on production in past or which are on production at present (LK5 horizon). D. Wells drilled in northeastern part of Surakhany field before 1964 which were on production in past or which are on production at present (LK4 horizon). E. Wells which yielded oil and water emulsion. F. Wells which yielded water (intraformational [cross] or surface [cross plus arrow]). G. Dry holes.

—Results of sampling lowermost strata of Lower Kirmaki Suite within Ramany-... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 October 1969
Fig. 7. —Results of sampling lowermost strata of Lower Kirmaki Suite within Ramany-East Surakhany tectonic block. A . Structural contours top of Lower Kirmaki Suite. B . Wells drilled to Lower Kirmaki in 1964-1966 and put on production. C . Wells drilled along northeastern part of Surakhany
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Schematic and simplified stratigraphic summary showing the main formations present in the western region of the South Caspian Basin (modified after Baganz et al. 2012). Abbreviations: KaS = Kalin Suite, PK = Pre-Kirmaky Sand Suite, KS = Kirmaky Suite, NKP = Post-Kirmaky Sand Suite, NKG = Post-Kirmaky Clay Suite. Units A-E are stratigraphic intervals in the Pereryv-Fasila Suite; units V-X are stratigraphic intervals in the Balakhany Suite.

Schematic and simplified stratigraphic summary showing the main formations ... Available to Purchase

Published: 20 October 2021
Figure 3. Schematic and simplified stratigraphic summary showing the main formations present in the western region of the South Caspian Basin (modified after Baganz et al. 2012 ). Abbreviations: KaS = Kalin Suite, PK = Pre-Kirmaky Sand Suite, KS = Kirmaky Suite, NKP = Post-Kirmaky Sand Suite
Image
—Photograph of a sharp-based mouth bar overlying distal delta-front silts, Kirmaky Suite, Kirmaky Valley. The base of the mouth bar is approximately 7 m in front of the geologist.

—Photograph of a sharp-based mouth bar overlying distal delta-front silts, ... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 January 1998
Figure 12 —Photograph of a sharp-based mouth bar overlying distal delta-front silts, Kirmaky Suite, Kirmaky Valley. The base of the mouth bar is approximately 7 m in front of the geologist.
Journal Article

Paleostructure and Lithologic-Variation Coefficients: Their Use in Exploration for New Oil and Gas Pools Available to Purchase

S. T. Ovnatanov, G. P. Tamrazyan
Journal: AAPG Bulletin
Published: 01 October 1969
AAPG Bulletin (1969) 53 (10): 2171–2178.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1306/5D25C933-16C1-11D7-8645000102C1865D
...Fig. 6. —The Zabrat-Ramany-East Surakhany tectonic block and oil deposits in Lower Kirmaki (LK) Suite within block. 1. (I) Zabrat-Ramany-East Surakhany block (downthrown); (ID Balakhany-Sabunchi-Central Surakhany block (upthrown); structural contours of top of Lower Kirmaki Suite. 2. Faults...
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View PDF for article title, Paleostructure and Lithologic-Variation Coefficients: Their Use in Exploration for New Oil and Gas Pools
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Sand body distribution and geometry of a 20 m thick measured section in the ‘mid-Kirmaky Suite’ at the Kirmaky Valley (modified after Hinds et al. 2004). The left panels show the palynological assemblage assignments from mudstone units that are used to interpret the depositional environments of the adjacent sand bodies. For the key, see Figure 7.

Sand body distribution and geometry of a 20 m thick measured section in the... Available to Purchase

Published: 20 October 2021
Figure 8. Sand body distribution and geometry of a 20 m thick measured section in the ‘mid-Kirmaky Suite’ at the Kirmaky Valley (modified after Hinds et al. 2004 ). The left panels show the palynological assemblage assignments from mudstone units that are used to interpret the depositional
Image
—Apsheron Peninsula, Azerbaijan, structural contours in thousands of meters. Structural datum is top of Lower Kirmaki Suite. Locations of Figures 5, 7, and 8 are shown. Location of Figure 2 is shown in Figure 1.

—Apsheron Peninsula, Azerbaijan, structural contours in thousands of meters... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 September 1970
Fig. 2. —Apsheron Peninsula, Azerbaijan, structural contours in thousands of meters. Structural datum is top of Lower Kirmaki Suite. Locations of Figures 5 , 7 , and 8 are shown. Location of Figure 2 is shown in Figure 1 .
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Synthetic stratigraphic column of the SCB, according to the sequence established for Azerbaijan (modified after Abdullayev et al., 2017). The ages of the different sequences are from these authors, in combination with Hudson et al. (2008). Local stages and approximate ages the common names used in the Caspian domain of the Eastern Paratethys and the approximate equivalents in the Central Paratethys area (in parenthesis). It also illustrates the distribution of the different elements of the petroleum system (source rocks, reservoirs, and seal layers), according to numerous authors. The age of the formations of the Upper PS is usually as follows: Pereryva (or Fasila Suite; 5.2–4.9 Ma), Balakhany (4.9–4.0 Ma), Sabunchy (4.0–3.7 Ma), and Surakhany units (3.7 to ∼3.4–3.1 Ma). KS = Kirmaky Suite; LPS = Lower Productive Series; Meot = Meotian; NKG = Qirmakiustu shale; NKP = Qirmakiustu sand; Pont = Pontian; QAD or PK = Qirmakialti (Kirmakinskaya or Kirmaky) sand; QaLD or KAS = Kalinin Suite (or Qala Suite); PS = Productive Series; UPS = Upper Productive Series.

Synthetic stratigraphic column of the SCB, according to the sequence establ... Available to Purchase

Published: 06 November 2024
authors. The age of the formations of the Upper PS is usually as follows: Pereryva (or Fasila Suite; 5.2–4.9 Ma), Balakhany (4.9–4.0 Ma), Sabunchy (4.0–3.7 Ma), and Surakhany units (3.7 to ∼3.4–3.1 Ma). KS = Kirmaky Suite; LPS = Lower Productive Series; Meot = Meotian; NKG = Qirmakiustu shale; NKP
Image
—Photograph of typical exposure in Kirmaky Valley. Beds can in general be traced for several hundreds of meters along strike, giving an excellent insight into reservoir architecture parallel to paleoflow. The figured bed is interpreted as the product of a density underflow in a distal delta-front setting, Kirmaky Suite. (B) Photograph of Balakhany Quarry looking toward the southeast. (Beds young toward the right.) The quarry exploits one of several major sand-prone intervals in the Balakhany Suite. The abrupt northeast margin (left side) of the quarry is marked by a laterally extensive lower delta-plain shale positioned between 60 and 80 m on Figure 7A. Shales of this type are thought to cause the common fieldwide intraformational seals seen in adjacent oil fields. The tires for scale are 1 m in diameter.

—Photograph of typical exposure in Kirmaky Valley. Beds can in general be t... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 January 1998
delta-front setting, Kirmaky Suite. (B) Photograph of Balakhany Quarry looking toward the southeast. (Beds young toward the right.) The quarry exploits one of several major sand-prone intervals in the Balakhany Suite. The abrupt northeast margin (left side) of the quarry is marked by a laterally
Image
—Apsheron Peninsula, western Caspian Sea. Note how fault in area of Figs. 4-7 reverses throw from SW to NE. Structural datum is top of Lower Kirmaki Suite. CI = 1,000 m. Locations of Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown. Data from Tamrazyan (1964).

—Apsheron Peninsula, western Caspian Sea. Note how fault in area of Figs. ... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 October 1969
Fig. 2. —Apsheron Peninsula, western Caspian Sea. Note how fault in area of Figs. 4 - 7 reverses throw from SW to NE. Structural datum is top of Lower Kirmaki Suite. CI = 1,000 m. Locations of Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown. Data from Tamrazyan (1964) .
Image
—Isodepth-contour map for 50°C (Sarakhaniy-Karachukhur-Zykh-Gousaniy-Peschanyy), and schematic structure-contour map of top of Lower Kirmaki Suite (lowermost strata of Productive series, middle Miocene). Contours in meters. Isodepth zone intervals are 800–900 m, 900–1,000 m, 1,000–1,200 m, 1,200–1,300 m, 1,300–1,400 m, 1,400–1,500 m, and 1,500–1,600 m. Location is shown in Figures 1 and 2.

—Isodepth-contour map for 50°C (Sarakhaniy-Karachukhur-Zykh-Gousaniy-Pescha... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 September 1970
Fig. 5. —Isodepth-contour map for 50°C (Sarakhaniy-Karachukhur-Zykh-Gousaniy-Peschanyy), and schematic structure-contour map of top of Lower Kirmaki Suite (lowermost strata of Productive series, middle Miocene). Contours in meters. Isodepth zone intervals are 800–900 m, 900–1,000 m, 1,000–1,200 m
Image
—Isodepth-contour map for 55°C in Kala field area. Location is shown in Figures 1, 2. A-B is Figure 9. 1. Structure at top of Lower Kirmaki Suite Productive series. 2. Holes for which temperature measurements have been used. 3. Faults. 4. Deep fault at southwestern limb of uplift. Isodepth zone covers: 5. 1,600–1,800 m; 6. 1,800–2,000 m; 7. 2,000–2,100 m.

—Isodepth-contour map for 55°C in Kala field area. Location is shown in Fi... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 September 1970
Fig. 8. —Isodepth-contour map for 55°C in Kala field area. Location is shown in Figures 1 , 2 . A-B is Figure 9 . 1. Structure at top of Lower Kirmaki Suite Productive series. 2. Holes for which temperature measurements have been used. 3. Faults. 4. Deep fault at southwestern limb of uplift
Image
Horizontal and vertical sections of a seismic cube (in two-way traveltime) in the SCB (in offshore Azerbaijan) showing the structure of an active mud volcano and the associated feeder system (using information from Yusubov and Guliyev, 2022 and Guliyev et al., 2023). See location in Figures 2 and 4. (a) Time slice at 3 s (two-way traveltime), (b) time slice at 6 s (two-way traveltime), (c and d) vertical seismic sections across the mud volcano (see their location in [a and b]), and (e) detail of the seismic image with the shallowest part of the structure shown in (d). The vertical exaggeration of the scale is approximate and has been calculated based on values between 1 and 2 s (equivalent to ∼0.8 and 1.7 km depth, respectively). Stratigraphic units and ages are detailed in Figure 3. Pleistocene and Holocene series correspond to the Agchagil-Absheron and Bakunian sequences, respectively. BLD = Balakhany Formation; BSR = bottom-simulating reflector; FLD = Fasila (or Pereryva) Suite; KS = Kirmaky Suite; NKG = Qirmakiustu shale; NKP = Qirmakiustu sand; QAD = Qirmakialti Suite; QaLD = Kala Suite; SBD = Sabunchy Formation; SRD = Surakhany Formation.

Horizontal and vertical sections of a seismic cube (in two-way traveltime) ... Available to Purchase

Published: 06 November 2024
sequences, respectively. BLD = Balakhany Formation; BSR = bottom-simulating reflector; FLD = Fasila (or Pereryva) Suite; KS = Kirmaky Suite; NKG = Qirmakiustu shale; NKP = Qirmakiustu sand; QAD = Qirmakialti Suite; QaLD = Kala Suite; SBD = Sabunchy Formation; SRD = Surakhany Formation.
Journal Article

Implications of Outcrop Geology for Reservoirs in the Neogene Productive Series: Apsheron Peninsula, Azerbaijan Available to Purchase

A. D. Reynolds, M. D. Simmons, M. B. J. Bowman, J. Henton, A. C. Brayshaw, A. A. Ali-Zade, I. S. Guliyev, S. F. Suleymanova, E. Z. Ateava, D. N. Mamedova, O. Koshkarly
Journal: AAPG Bulletin
Published: 01 January 1998
AAPG Bulletin (1998) 82 (1): 25–49.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1306/1D9BC38B-172D-11D7-8645000102C1865D
...Figure 5 —Representative sedimentary logs of (A) the Kirmaky Suite, (B) the post-Kirmaky Sand Suite (NKP), (C) the Pereriva Suite, the base of which occurs at 13.4 m, (D) the Balakhany Suite, and (E) the Sabunchi Suite. ...
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View PDF for article title, Implications of Outcrop Geology for Reservoirs in the Neogene Productive Series: Apsheron Peninsula, Azerbaijan
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Journal Article

Thermal Studies in Subsurface Structural Investigations, Apsheron Peninsula, Azerbaijan, USSR Available to Purchase

S. T. Ovnatanov, G. P. Tamrazyan
Journal: AAPG Bulletin
Published: 01 September 1970
AAPG Bulletin (1970) 54 (9): 1677–1685.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1306/5D25CBDD-16C1-11D7-8645000102C1865D
...Fig. 2. —Apsheron Peninsula, Azerbaijan, structural contours in thousands of meters. Structural datum is top of Lower Kirmaki Suite. Locations of Figures 5 , 7 , and 8 are shown. Location of Figure 2 is shown in Figure 1 . ...
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