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Journal Article

FERRUGINATED AND LEACHED LAPILLI TUFF AND TUFF IN THE VERBRANDE BERG FORMATION, ECCA GROUP, HUAB BASIN, NAMIBIA

S.A. DE WAAL
Published: 01 September 2012
South African Journal of Geology (2012) 115 (3): 345–368.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2113/gssajg.115.3.345
...S.A. DE WAAL Abstract Burnt Mountain is the name attached to a series of low, dark-coloured hills, dominantly composed of carbonaceous shale, siltstone, sandstone and various ferruginous rocks belonging to the Permian Verbrande Berg Formation, Ecca Group, Karoo Supergroup, in the Huab Basin...
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View PDF for article title, FERRUGINATED AND LEACHED LAPILLI TUFF AND TUFF IN THE VERBRANDE BERG FORMATION, ECCA GROUP, <span class="search-highlight">HUAB</span> <span class="search-highlight">BASIN</span>, NAMIBIA
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Image
Stratigraphic succession of the Huab Basin (adapted from Jerram et al. 1999a). The units of interest form the upper parts of the Twyfelfontain Fm. and lower parts of the Awahab Fm. The relative distribution of Etendeka-related intrusions is also given (Kdo, green column). Note that the Awahab and Twyfelfontain fms. are indicated as overlapping due to the interbedded nature of the sedimentary and igneous rocks.

Stratigraphic succession of the Huab Basin (adapted from Jerram et al. 199...

Published: 19 December 2017
Fig. 2.— Stratigraphic succession of the Huab Basin (adapted from Jerram et al. 1999a ). The units of interest form the upper parts of the Twyfelfontain Fm. and lower parts of the Awahab Fm. The relative distribution of Etendeka-related intrusions is also given (Kdo, green column). Note
Journal Article

Relating eolian bounding-surface geometries to the bed forms that generated them: Etjo Formation, Cretaceous, Namibia

Nigel Mountney, John Howell, Stephen Flint, Dougal Jerram
Journal: Geology
Published: 01 February 1999
Geology (1999) 27 (2): 159–162.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1999)027<0159:REBSGT>2.3.CO;2
...Nigel Mountney; John Howell; Stephen Flint; Dougal Jerram Abstract The Cretaceous Etjo Formation is a 200-m-thick eolian and fluvial sandstone succession exposed in the Huab Basin of northwestern Namibia. Eolian sedimentation was terminated abruptly by the emplacement of flood basalts...
View PDF for article title, Relating eolian bounding-surface geometries to the bed forms that generated them: Etjo Formation, Cretaceous, Namibia
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Schematic diagram of passive drowning of the Twyfelfontein erg system in the Huab Basin by Lower Cretaceous basalts (mainly Tafelkop type basalts in Huab Outliers south of Huab River and a mix of Tafelkop and Tafelberg-type basalts along the main river sections). A) The transverse-draa-dominated major erg is first drowned, which restricts sediment mobility. B) Remaining unburied sediment is reworked to form minor erg and bypass surfaces where sand infiltrates basalt cooling cracks but does not form dunes. The minor erg is then drowned by lava. C) Further lava drowning isolates more sediment from the active eolian system creating a sediment-poor eolian system of isolated barchanoid dunes, which are themselves drowned by lava. D) Successive drowning locks up more sediment until no more dunes are formed on lava surfaces. This is followed by differential diagenesis to form red and white sandstone. Drowning sequence is modified from Jerram et al. (1999a, 2000a, 2000b).

Schematic diagram of passive drowning of the Twyfelfontein erg system in th...

Published: 19 December 2017
Fig. 4.— Schematic diagram of passive drowning of the Twyfelfontein erg system in the Huab Basin by Lower Cretaceous basalts (mainly Tafelkop type basalts in Huab Outliers south of Huab River and a mix of Tafelkop and Tafelberg-type basalts along the main river sections). A) The transverse-draa
Image
Location of the study areas in Paraná Basin and Gondwana contexts. A) Paraná Basin and its counterpart Huab Basin in southwestern Africa, positioned in Late Jurassic Gondwana, based on the Schmitt and Romeiro (2017) reconstruction. B) Position of the Paraná Basin in South America. C) Map of the Paraná Basin showing the study areas (modified from Zalán et al. 1987; Scherer and Lavina 2005, 2006; Scherer and Goldberg 2007; Rossetti et al. 2017; Amarante et al. 2019).

Location of the study areas in Paraná Basin and Gondwana contexts. A) Par...

Published: 25 May 2022
Fig. 1.— Location of the study areas in Paraná Basin and Gondwana contexts. A) Paraná Basin and its counterpart Huab Basin in southwestern Africa, positioned in Late Jurassic Gondwana, based on the Schmitt and Romeiro (2017) reconstruction. B) Position of the Paraná Basin in South America
Image
Location of the Paraná–Etendeka flood basalt province with its present day outcrop distribution in South America and Namibia placed in its position during the early break‐up phase of west Gondwana (adapted from Peate 1997). The detailed geological map highlights the exposed units in the Huab Basin of NW Namibia.

Location of the Paraná–Etendeka flood basalt province with its present day...

Published: 01 May 2000
in the Huab Basin of NW Namibia.
Journal Article

Death of a sand sea: an active aeolian erg systematically buried by the Etendeka flood basalts of NW Namibia

D. A. JERRAM, N. P. MOUNTNEY, J. A. HOWELL, D. LONG, H. STOLLHOFEN
Published: 01 May 2000
Journal of the Geological Society (2000) 157 (3): 513–516.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs.157.3.513
... in the Huab Basin of NW Namibia. ...
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View PDF for article title, Death of a sand sea: an active aeolian erg systematically buried by the Etendeka flood basalts of NW Namibia
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Journal Article

Climate, sediment supply and tectonics as controls on the deposition and preservation of the aeolian-fluvial Etjo Sandstone Formation, Namibia

NIGEL MOUNTNEY, JOHN HOWELL, STEPHEN FLINT, DOUGAL JERRAM
Published: 01 August 1999
Journal of the Geological Society (1999) 156 (4): 771–777.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.156.4.0771
..., extrabasinal sediment supply and/or rates of tectonic subsidence. Geological setting The Jurassic Cretaceous aeolian fluvial Etjo Sandstone Formation is exposed over more than 3000 km2 in the Huab Basin of northwestern Namibia (Fig. 1). The basin forms an eastern extension to the much larger Parana´ Basin...
View PDF for article title, Climate, sediment supply and tectonics as controls on the deposition and preservation of the aeolian-fluvial Etjo Sandstone Formation, Namibia
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Journal Article

Sandstone Diagenesis in Sediment–lava Sequences: Exceptional Examples of Volcanically Driven Diagenetic Compartmentalization in Dune Valley, Huab Outliers, Nw Namibia

Clayton Grove, Dougal A. Jerram, Jon G. Gluyas, Richard J. Brown
Published: 19 December 2017
Journal of Sedimentary Research (2017) 87 (12): 1314–1335.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2017.75
...Fig. 2.— Stratigraphic succession of the Huab Basin (adapted from Jerram et al. 1999a ). The units of interest form the upper parts of the Twyfelfontain Fm. and lower parts of the Awahab Fm. The relative distribution of Etendeka-related intrusions is also given (Kdo, green column). Note...
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View PDF for article title, Sandstone Diagenesis in Sediment–lava Sequences: Exceptional Examples of Volcanically Driven Diagenetic Compartmentalization in Dune Valley, <span class="search-highlight">Huab</span> Outliers, Nw Namibia
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Journal Article

U-Pb zircon ages from the southwestern Karoo Basin, South Africa—Implications for the Permian-Triassic boundary: COMMENT

Roger Higgs
Journal: Geology
Published: 01 August 2010
Geology (2010) 38 (8): e214.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1130/G30973C.1
... , Geochemical evidence for lacustrine microbial blooms in the vast Permian Main Karoo, Paraná, Falkland Islands and Huab basins of southwestern Gondwana : Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology , v. 152 , p. 189 – 213 , doi: 10.1016/S0031-0182(99)00062-0 . Fildani A. Weislogel...
View PDF for article title, U-Pb zircon ages from the southwestern Karoo <span class="search-highlight">Basin</span>, South Africa—Implications for the Permian-Triassic boundary: COMMENT
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Journal Article

On the kinematics and timing of Rodinia breakup: a possible rift–transform junction of Cryogenian age at the southwest cape of Congo Craton (northwest Namibia)

P.F. Hoffman
Published: 01 June 2021
South African Journal of Geology (2021) 124 (2): 401–420.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.25131/sajg.124.0038
... . Internal stratigraphic relationships in the Etendeka Group in the Huab Basin , NW Namibia: understanding the onset of flood volcanism. Journal of Geodynamics , 28 , 393 – 418 . Jerram , D.A. , Mountney , N. , Howell , J. and Stollhofen , H. , 2000 . The Fossilized Desert: Recent...
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View PDF for article title, On the kinematics and timing of Rodinia breakup: a possible rift–transform junction of Cryogenian age at the southwest cape of Congo Craton (northwest Namibia)
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(a) Detailed fault map, based on surface ruptures, at a rift−transform junction in the north of Iceland (Tibaldi et al., 2016). Heavy and light lines are traces of major and minor faults, with ticks indicating down-dropped side. Blue and green colours denote rift- and transform-parallel faults, respectively. Magenta colour identifies a set of oblique faults interpreted as extensional splay faults (Figure 10b), as are observed in scaled analogue models at the tips of transcurrent faults (green). (b) Schematic model of an extensional imbricate fan at a rift−transform junction (Tibaldi et al., 2016). Fault plane dipping north-northwest (note southward-looking perspective) at location T (Toekoms sub-basin) bends through steep northeast dips at location S (Soutput sub-basin) into a north-northwest-trending sinistral transform at location K (CKZ, Figure 1b). (c) Mesozoic rift basins (chartreuse) and growth faults on the southwest cape of South Africa (McMillan et al., 1997; Wildman et al., 2015), associated with junction of South Atlantic rift and Falkland−Agulhas Fracture Zone. Faults are colour-coded as in Figure 10a, with magenta faults forming a set oblique to the rift (blue) and transform (green) faults. Abbreviations: AB=Algoa Basin; BB=Bredasdorp Basin; CT=Cape Town; OB=Oudtshorn Basin (de Wit et al., 2020). Oblique normal faults are compatible with a resolved component of dextral shear parallel Agulhas transform (inset strain ellipse, upper right). Note difference in scale compared with area in Figure 10a. (d) Schematic map of southwest Congo Craton (CC) as a Cryogenian rift−transform junction, with Makalani, Huab, Toekoms and Macaria rift faults parallel to Northern Zone (NZ), and steeply-dipping Soutput fault as an oblique splay fault from a sinistral transform fault system in Central Kaoko Zone (CKZ). Toekoms growth fault dips cratonward, while Makalani, Huab and Macaria growth faults dip seaward.

( a ) Detailed fault map, based on surface ruptures, at a rift−transform ju...

Published: 01 June 2021
( Tibaldi et al., 2016 ). Fault plane dipping north-northwest (note southward-looking perspective) at location T (Toekoms sub-basin) bends through steep northeast dips at location S (Soutput sub-basin) into a north-northwest-trending sinistral transform at location K (CKZ, Figure 1b ). ( c ) Mesozoic rift
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Figure 7. Composite stratigraphic section and carbon-isotope profiles (Tables DR-1; see footnote 1) of the Om-bom-bo-Ugab Subgroups. The Om-bom-bo Subgroup occurs exclusively on the Otavi platform, north of the Makalani rim (Fig. 3). The Ugab Subgroup occurs to the south of the Huab rim (Outjo basin) and based on U-Pb age constraints (Fig. 3) is younger than the Ombombo Subgroup. We correlate a basalt-clast conglomerate in the upper Ombombo Subgroup (Okakuyu Formation) with the Naauwpoort Formation (which Hoffmann et al., 2004 include in the upper Nosib Group in the Outjo basin), implying that the Ugab Subgroup carbon-isotope profile fills in a record entirely missing on the Otavi platform.

Figure 7. Composite stratigraphic section and carbon-isotope profiles (Tabl...

Published: 01 September 2005
Figure 7. Composite stratigraphic section and carbon-isotope profiles (Tables DR-1; see footnote 1 ) of the Om-bom-bo-Ugab Subgroups. The Om-bom-bo Subgroup occurs exclusively on the Otavi platform, north of the Makalani rim (Fig. 3) . The Ugab Subgroup occurs to the south of the Huab rim (Outjo
Image
Plate-scale cartoon of Pan-African tectonics in the Damara and Kaoko−Gariep belts of southwest Gondwana (Figure 1), assuming a Cryogenian rift−transform junction at the southwest corner of Congo Craton. Abbreviations (Figure 1b): A=Adamastor ocean; CC=Congo Craton; CZ= Central Zone; G=Gariep Belt; K=Kaoko Belt; KC=Kalahari Craton; NZ=Northern Zone; SZ=Southern Zone. (a) Incipient breakup along two rift zones (dashed) connected by a shear zone (solid). (b) Orthogonal opening of NZ (Outjo) basin and shear opening of the western Cc margin by sinistral transform (small circle) motion. (c) Subduction initiation at the southern margin of NZ basin. (d) Subduction rollback pulls CZ (Swakop terrane) away from Kalahari Craton, opening SZ (Khomas) as a backarc basin. (e) Collision of CZ forearc with southern Congo rifted margin, broadly coeval with oblique collision of Ribeira−Coastal−Dom Feliciano forearc with the western Congo transform margin. Constriction of the subduction cusp produced an amplified forebulge in ‘Huab cusp’ (Hoffman, 2021). (f) Closure of SZ basin and collision of Kalahari Craton with the amalgamated CZ, Congo Craton and Kaoko Belt. Closure of Adamaster ocean progresses southward along the western Kalahari sheared margin forming the Gariep Belt (e.g., Hälbich and Alchin, 1995; Gresse, 1995).

Plate-scale cartoon of Pan-African tectonics in the Damara and Kaoko−Gariep...

Published: 01 June 2021
−Coastal−Dom Feliciano forearc with the western Congo transform margin. Constriction of the subduction cusp produced an amplified forebulge in ‘Huab cusp’ ( Hoffman, 2021 ). ( f ) Closure of SZ basin and collision of Kalahari Craton with the amalgamated CZ, Congo Craton and Kaoko Belt. Closure of Adamaster
Journal Article

Implications of a new 40 Ar/ 39 Ar age for a basalt flow interbedded with the Etjo Formation, Northeast Namibia

J.S. Marsh, R.S. Swart, D. Phillips
Published: 01 December 2003
South African Journal of Geology (2003) 106 (4): 281–286.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2113/106.4.281
... (1973) concluded that the aeolianites in the Huab River valley and Doros areas of the Etendeka region was deposited in a basin separate to those in the Mount Etjo region and concluded that the aeolianites in these two regions were “not the same”. Stanistreet and Stollhofen (1999) suggested...
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Understanding the offshore flood basalt sequence using onshore volcanic facies analogues: an example from the Faroe–Shetland basin

DOUGAL A. JERRAM, RICHARD T. SINGLE, RICHARD W. HOBBS, CATHERINE E. NELSON
Published: 26 February 2009
Geological Magazine (2009) 146 (3): 353–367.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0016756809005974
... Society of London , Special Publication no. 153. Jerram D. A. , Mountney N. , Holzförster F. & Mountney H. 1999 . Internal stratigraphic relationships in the Etendeka Group in the Huab Basin, NW Namibia: Understanding the onset of flood volcanism . Journal of Geodynamics 28...
View PDF for article title, Understanding the offshore flood basalt sequence using onshore volcanic facies analogues: an example from the Faroe–Shetland <span class="search-highlight">basin</span>
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Journal Article

Protracted felsic magmatic activity associated with the opening of the South Atlantic

L. A. KIRSTEIN, S. KELLEY, C. HAWKESWORTH, S. TURNER, M. MANTOVANI, J. WIJBRANS
Published: 01 July 2001
Journal of the Geological Society (2001) 158 (4): 583–592.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs.158.4.583
... Cunha plume via the hot spot traces of the Rio Grande Rise and the Walvis Ridge respectively ( O’Connor & Duncan 1990) ( Fig. 1). The present-day areal and volumetric extent of the province is highly asymmetric with most of the outcrop preserved today in the Paraná basin, on the South American...
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Journal Article

A neural network application to assess magma diversity in the Etendeka igneous province, Namibia

T.M. Owen-Smith, R.B. Trumbull, K. Bauer, J.K. Keiding, T.M. Will
Published: 01 June 2021
South African Journal of Geology (2021) 124 (2): 481–498.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.25131/sajg.124.0034
... primitive geochemical composition. Tafelkop lavas and dykes appear to be restricted regionally to the Huab River basin south of the main Etendeka lava field near the juncture between the Damara and Kaoko basement provinces ( Figure 1 ). This is also the location of the gabbroic Doros intrusive complex...
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Sedimentary depocenters on Snowball Earth: Case studies from the Sturtian Chuos Formation in northern Namibia

Paul F. Hoffman, Kelsey G. Lamothe, Samuel J.C. LoBianco, Malcolm S.W. Hodgskiss, Eric J. Bellefroid, Benjamin W. Johnson, E. Blake Hodgin, Galen P. Halverson
Journal: Geosphere
Published: 01 June 2017
Geosphere (2017) 13 (3): 811–837.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1130/GES01457.1
... ) on the west bank of the Huab River on Vrede farm provide excellent three-dimensional exposure of the Otavi Group in the basin zone ( Fig. 2 ) over an area of ∼15 km 2 . The domes are part of a larger area systematically mapped by Frets (1969) and were specifically investigated by Maloof (2000) , who...
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View PDF for article title, Sedimentary depocenters on Snowball Earth: Case studies from the Sturtian Chuos Formation in northern Namibia
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Journal Article

Lithostratigraphy of the Paleogene Deccan Intra-, Intertrappeans of the Saurashtra, Western India and their Prevalence in Large Igneous Provinces

Satish J. Patel, Nishi H. Shah
Published: 01 September 2023
Jour. Geol. Soc. India (2023) 99 (9): 1199–1210.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-023-2452-4
... relationships in the Etendeka group in the Huab Basin, NW Namibia: understanding the onset of flood volcanism . Jour. Geodyn ., v. 28 , pp. 393 – 418 . doi: 10.1016/S0264-3707(99)00018-6 Jerram , D.A. , Mountney , N.P. , Howell , J. , Stollhofen , H. , (2000) The Fossilised Desert...
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View PDF for article title, Lithostratigraphy of the Paleogene Deccan Intra-, Intertrappeans of the Saurashtra, Western India and their Prevalence in Large Igneous Provinces
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