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Helike earthquake 373 B.C.

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Journal Article

Comment on “The 373 B.C. Helike (Gulf of Corinth, Greece) Earthquake and Tsunami, Revisited” by

Dora Katsonopoulou, Ioannis Koukouvelas
Published: 28 April 2022
Seismological Research Letters (2022) 93 (4): 2401–2405.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1785/0220210301
...Dora Katsonopoulou; Ioannis Koukouvelas Abstract We are writing this comment because the presentation and the conclusions reached by Stiros (2022) regarding the catastrophic Helike earthquake of 373 B.C. neglect significant historical sources and scientific data from longstanding geoarchaeological...
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Journal Article

Reply to “Comment on ‘The 373 B.C. Helike (Gulf of Corinth, Greece) Earthquake and Tsunami, Revisited’ by ” by Dora Katsonopoulou and Ioannis Koukouvelas

Stathis C. Stiros
Published: 28 April 2022
Seismological Research Letters (2022) 93 (4): 2406–2409.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1785/0220210339
...Stathis C. Stiros Abstract This reply is a response to a comment criticizing a recent article proposing a new scenario for the 373 B.C. earthquake, derived from ancient texts. This earthquake and a following tsunami are reported to have destroyed Helike and Boura, two ancient Greek towns, which...
View PDF for article title, Reply to “Comment on ‘The <span class="search-highlight">373</span> <span class="search-highlight">B.C</span>. <span class="search-highlight">Helike</span> (Gulf of Corinth, Greece) <span class="search-highlight">Earthquake</span> and Tsunami, Revisited’ by ” by Dora Katsonopoulou and Ioannis Koukouvelas
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Journal Article

The 373 B.C. Helike (Gulf of Corinth, Greece) Earthquake and Tsunami, Revisited

Stathis C. Stiros
Published: 22 September 2021
Seismological Research Letters (2022) 93 (1): 444–457.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1785/0220210092
... and Boura Years since 373 B.C. Author Reference to Reference to Comet Earthquake Date (B.C.) Reference to Helike Reference to Boura Additional Information 0 Aristotle 1, 2 (384–322 B.C.) Yes 373 No No Eq&ts in Achaia, natural effects 0 Xenophon (430–354 B.C...
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View PDF for article title, The <span class="search-highlight">373</span> <span class="search-highlight">B.C</span>. <span class="search-highlight">Helike</span> (Gulf of Corinth, Greece) <span class="search-highlight">Earthquake</span> and Tsunami, Revisited
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Recently found ancient building remains of (a) Helike and (c) Boura. Foundations stability and the overall environment of these remains exclude the possibility of major geomorphological changes induced by the 373 B.C. earthquake and of physical loss of these two towns. (a) Foundations of the shrine of Poseidon of Helike (site 1 in Fig. 3) and (b) its reconstruction. This apsidal shrine, partly excavated, is typical of the geometric period (900–700 B.C.) and very different from the later classical temples. (c) Excavations of the Boura harbor, showing foundations of several houses, each with several rooms; view after the site was cleaned. The railroad near the coast destroyed part of the site in the 1880s, but no ancient remains were reported. This site spans the period of approximately 500–230 B.C. and was marked by two major destruction layers. (d) Destruction layer (fallen rooftiles) in a room of this complex, possibly related to an earthquake at about 290 B.C. (panels a,c,d excavations photos, courtesy of E. Kolia, panel (b) modified after Kolia, 2011). The color version of this figure is available only in the electronic edition.

Recently found ancient building remains of (a) Helike and (c) Boura. Founda...

Published: 22 September 2021
Figure 4. Recently found ancient building remains of (a) Helike and (c) Boura. Foundations stability and the overall environment of these remains exclude the possibility of major geomorphological changes induced by the 373 B.C. earthquake and of physical loss of these two towns. (a) Foundations
Journal Article

A Major Earthquake and Tsunami in the Gulf of Cadiz in the Sixth Century B.C.? A Review of the Historical, Archaeological, and Geological Evidence

Manuel Álvarez‐Martí‐Aguilar
Published: 27 January 2023
Seismological Research Letters (2023) 94 (2A): 975–982.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1785/0220220377
... , no.  2 , 43 – 64 (in Spanish). Stiros S. C. 2021 . The 373 B.C. Helike (Gulf of Corinth, Greece) earthquake and tsunami, revisited , Seismol. Res. Lett. 93 , no.  1 , 444 – 457 . Udías A. 1983 . El terremoto del 21 de Julio 365, erróneamente atribuido a la costa de Málaga...
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View PDF for article title, A Major <span class="search-highlight">Earthquake</span> and Tsunami in the Gulf of Cadiz in the Sixth Century <span class="search-highlight">B.C</span>.? A Review of the Historical, Archaeological, and Geological Evidence
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Journal Article

New evidence for the geological origins of the ancient Delphic oracle (Greece)

J.Z. de Boer, J.R. Hale, J. Chanton
Journal: Geology
Published: 01 August 2001
Geology (2001) 29 (8): 707–710.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<0707:NEFTGO>2.0.CO;2
... in the oracle's power over the 500 years before his own time, Plutarch theorized that the underlying rock might have run out of the vital essence that produced the gas. Alternatively, he suggested that the great earthquake of 373 B.C. (epicenter below the Gulf of Corinth, south of Delphi) had disrupted...
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Journal Article

Uplift and slip rates of the eastern Eliki fault segment, Gulf of Corinth, Greece, inferred from Holocene and Pleistocene terraces

L.C. McNeill, R.E.Ll. Collier
Published: 01 January 2004
Journal of the Geological Society (2004) 161 (1): 81–92.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1144/0016-764903-029
... uplifted and preserved is proportional to tectonic uplift rate, as younger terraces will tend to reoccupy or erode older terraces at lower rates. In 373 bc, an earthquake is thought to have destroyed and submerged the ancient city of Helike ( Marinatos 1960 ; Soter & Katsonopoulou 1998...
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Magnitude-distance relations for liquefaction in soil from earthquakes

Gerassimos A. Papadopoulos, Georgios Lefkopoulos
Published: 01 June 1993
Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (1993) 83 (3): 925–938.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0830030925
... in several parts of the world have been used and discussed. DATA Evidence for liquefaction in soil from earthquakes in Greece goes back to 373 B.C. when a large earthquake devastated the ancient city of Helice located only a few km to the east of the modern city of Aeghio in NW Peloponnesus (see liquefaction...
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Journal Article

Large Eighteenth–Nineteenth Century Earthquakes in Western Gulf of Corinth with Reappraised Size and Location

Paola Albini, Andrea Rovida, Oona Scotti, Hélène Lyon‐Caen
Published: 04 July 2017
Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (2017) 107 (4): 1663–1687.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1785/0120160181
... of the reactivation of the 373 B.C. Helike fault ( Sebrier, 1977 ; Mouyaris et al. , 1992 ; Caputo et al. , 2015 ). Others, following Montessus de Ballore (1924) , interpreted “this crack nothing more than the surface expression of a large‐scale slumping and spreading of the valley material” ( Richter, 1958...
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