... , Chicoroideae, Vicia sp. and Hedera helix ( Figure 2 ; Table 1 ). This disconnect from a one-to-one relationship between colour and dominant pollen type is highlighted by the nMDS ordination ( Figure 3 ). Figure 2. Projected RGB colours of pellet types grouped by dominant pollen type present...

... Hedera helix ( Figs. 1A and 3A ). This plant is known as a frost-sensitive evergreen liane requiring oceanic climate conditions with mild and moist winters in northwest and central Europe (e.g., Iversen, 1944 ; Frenzel, 1991 ; Oberdorfer, 1994 ). Today, Hedera cannot bloom in areas with a mean...

... , Hedera helix , cf. Littorella , Picea, Plantago type, Polypodiaceae, Quercus , Ranunculus type, Salix , Sinapis cf. arvensis , Trifolium , undifferentiated broken saccate pollen, and Ulmus were recorded (Table 1 ). The diversity of rare pollen types is somewhat higher in sample 5. Unique...

... ivy (Hedera helix). ...

... (Drapaxnaud) Marpessa laminata (Montagu) Clausilia bidentata (Str6m) Clausilia pumila C. Pfeiffer Helicodonta obvoluta (Mtillex) Helicigona lapicida (Linn~) Helix (Cepaea) sp. Hygromia hispida (Linnfi) HeliceUa crayfordensis Jackson Puncture pygmaeum (Draparnaud) Discus ruderatus (Ffirussac) Discus rotundatus...

... with a gradual expansion of Fagus , Abies (14% at the end of the zone) and Carpinus (2%). Values for other trees remained constant. In the NAP spectra, Poaceae, Artemisia and Apiaceae remained stable (1–2%). Other herbaceous taxa, such as Hedera helix , Chenopodiaceae, Plantago lanceolata t...

... Period Malacologia 1982 22 727 730 Horton, A. 1974. The sequence of Pleistocene deposits proved during the construction of the Birmingham motorways. Report of the Institute of Geological Sciences, No. 74/11. Iversen J. Viscum, Hedera and Ilex as climatic indicators...

... the woods and scrub. The vegetation now consists of native and numerous non-native invasive species such as Norway maple ( Acer platanoides ), Ailanthus “tree-of-heaven” ( Ailanthus altissima ), English ivy ( Hedera helix ), and Multifora rose ( Rosa multiflora ) ( de Wet et al., 1998 ). A large part...