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![Selected major and trace elements plotted against SiO2. A, Fe2O3; B, K2O; C, MgO; D, Al2O3; E, TiO2; F, Zr. The range in concentration in the Neoproterozoic Georgeville Group (GG) is shown in each plot.]()
![Figure 7. Chondrite-normalized rare earth element (REE) profiles for (A) Beechill Cove (BC) and Ross Brook (Rb) Formations, (B) French River (Fr), Doctors Brook (Db), and Stonehouse (St) Formations compared with REE profiles for (C) the Neoproterozoic turbidites of the Georgeville Group (GG) in the Antigonish Highlands and (D) the Meguma Group metasedimentary rocks (MMS). Normalizing values from Sun and McDonough (1989).]()
![Figure 6. Plots using interelement ratios of high field strength elements: (A) Zr/Nb vs. Ti/Nb; (B) Zr/V vs. Ti/V; (C) Zr/Y vs. Ti/Y. Trend 1 is for the Beechill Cove data; trend 2 is for the Ross Brook, French River, Doctors Brook, and Stonehouse Formations. GG—Georgeville Group; MMS—Meguma Group metasedimentary rocks.]()
![Figure 5. (A) K2O (wt%) vs. Rb (ppm) plot showing that K/Rb in the Horton Group rocks is similar to the average slope of the continental crust (Taylor and McLennan, 1985). (B) V vs. Ti/1000 for the St. Marys basin sedimentary rocks. In legend, shown in A, sst—sandstone, slt—siltstone. MMS—Meguma Group metasedimentary rocks; MP—Meguma granitoid plutons; GG—Georgeville Group; BC—Beechill Cove Formation.]()
![Figure 10. (A) Nb/V vs. Zr/Ti and (B) Zr/Nb vs. Ti/Nb for the St. Marys basin sedimentary rocks. Average compositions in each data set are shown with a large asterisk. Mixing lines from average Meguma Group metasedimentary rocks (MMS) to the Georgeville Group (GG) and to the Meguma Pluton (MP) are derived from the equations of Langmuir et al. (1978). Small asterisks denote the percent of mixing of GG and MP/BC (20%, 40%, 60%).]()
![Figure 4. Selected major and trace elements plotted against SiO2. (A) Ti (ppm), (B) Zr, (C) P2O5, and (D) Nb. In legend, shown in D, sst—sandstone, slt—siltstone. The range in concentrations in the Meguma Group metasedimentary rocks (MMS, from J. Dostal, 1997, personal commun.), Meguma granitoid plutons (MP, from Ham et al., 1989), the Neoproterozoic Georgeville Group (GG, from Murphy and MacDonald, 1993), and the Lower Silurian Beechill Cove Formation (BC, from Murphy et al., 1995) are shown.]()
![(a) REE plot for groups A and B sandstones of the Lismore Formation. (b) Calculated REE profiles for a mixed source consisting of Beechill Cove Formation (BCF) and Cobequid granitic rocks (CP) compared with the Lismore Formation (shaded region). (c) Profiles of the post-Archean Australian Shale (PAAS) and continental crust. (d) Potential source rocks in the Antigonish Highlands. BCF, Beechill Cove Formation; GG, Georgeville Group. (e) Potential source rocks in the Cobequid Highlands. COBM, Cobequid mafic rock; COBP, Cobequid granitoid plutons. (f) Potential source rocks in the Meguma Terrane. MG, Meguma granite; MMS, metasedimentary rocks. Data sources as in Fig. 4.]()
![Variations in selected major element oxides with SiO2 for the Lismore Formation: (a) SiO2 vs. TiO2; (b) SiO2 vs. Al2O3; (c) SiO2 vs. MgO; (d) SiO2 vs. V. For comparison purposes, fields outlining the geochemistry of adjacent basement rocks are shown. BCF, Beechill Cove Formation (Murphy et al. 1995); CAL, Caledonia Highlands mafic rocks (Barr 1987); COBM, Cobequid Highlands mafic rocks (Pe-Piper and Piper 1998); COBP, Cobequid Highlands granitic plutons (Pe-Piper et al. 1989); GG, Georgeville Group (Murphy and MacDonald 1993); MG, Meguma Terrane granite plutons (Clarke et al. 1988; Ham et al. 1989); MMS, Meguma Group metasedimentary rocks (J. Dostal, unpublished data).]()
![Figure 7. (A–D) Chondrite-normalized rare earth elements (REEs) for representative samples of the St. Marys basin sedimentary rocks for (A) the West River, St. Marys, (B) Graham Hill, (C) Barrens Hills, and (D) Little Stewiacke River Formations. (E) Chondrite-normalized abundances for post-Archean Australian Shale and average continental crust are shown (from Taylor and McLennan, 1985; McLennan et al., 1990). (F) The range in normalized REE compositions for Antigonish highlands rocks: Upper Proterozoic Georgeville Group (GG, heavy shade), and Lower Silurian Beechill Cove Formation (BCF, light shade). (G) Range in normalized REE abundances for Meguma terrane rocks; the Cambro–Ordovician Meguma Group metasedimentary rocks (MMS, light shading), Devonian Meguma granitoid plutons (MP, heavy shade). REE profiles for Horton Group rocks indicate derivation from a mixed-source terrane with a composition similar to that of the upper continental crust.]()
![Figure 11. (A). 143Nd/144 Ndt vs. 147Sm/144Nd and (B) ϵNd(t) −87Sr/86 Sr(t) values (t = 360 Ma) plotted for the St. Marys basin rocks. For comparison, the range in compositions is shown of Beechill Cove (BC), Georgeville Group (GG) sedimentary rocks, Meguma terrane metasedimentary (MMS), and granitoid plutonic (MP) rocks calculated for t = 360 Ma. Average compositions in each data set are shown with a large asterisk (the average compositions for MP and BC are virtually indistinguishable). Mixing lines from average MMS to GG and to MP/BC are derived from the equations of Langmuir et al. (1978). For most samples, the data indicate a mixed metasedimentary-granitoid Meguma terrane source. In legend, shown in B, sst—sandstone, slt—siltstone.]()
![Figure 6. St. Marys basin data plotted on geochemical discrimination diagrams. (A) log K2O/Na2O vs. SiO2 (modified from Roser and Korch, 1986), ARC—volcanic arc, ACM—active continental margin, and PM—passive margin; (B) Al2O3/(CaO + Na2O) vs. Fe2O3 + MgO (after Bhatia, 1983); (C) Al2O3/SiO2 vs. Fe2O3 + MgO (after Bhatia, 1983); (D) TiO2 vs. FeO + MgO (after Bhatia, 1983). In legend, shown in D, sst—sandstone, slt—siltstone. In B, C, D, and E, 1—ocean island arc, 2—continental island arc, 3—active continental margin, 4—passive margin. MMS—Meguma Group metasedimentary rocks; MP—Meguma granitoid plutons; GG—Georgeville Group; BC—Beechill Cove Formation. The apparent signature implied by the diagrams may be inherited from an adjacent source region.]()
![Figure 4. Arisaig Group sedimentary rocks plotted on selected published discrimination diagrams emphasizing major element chemical variations: (A) log Na2O + K2O vs. log SiO2/Al2O3; (B) K2O/Na2O vs. SiO2 (after Roser and Korsch, 1986); (C) Al2O3/(CaO + Na2O) vs. Fe2O3 + MgO (after Bhatia, 1983); (D) Al2O3/SiO2 vs. Fe2O3 + MgO (after Bhatia, 1983); (E) K2O/Na2O vs. Fe2O3 + MgO (after Bhatia, 1983). In B, ACM—active continental margin; PM—passive margin. In C, D, and E, 1—oceanic island arc; 2—continental island arc; 3—active continental margin; 4—passive margin. GG—compositional ranges of the Neoproterozoic Georgeville Group turbidites; F—Ordovician felsic rocks; M—Ordovician mafic rocks.]()
![Figure 3. Summary of major- and trace-element chemistry. (A) Al2O3 vs. SiO2 (B) Fe2O3 vs. SiO2 wt% diagrams. (C) Al2O3-(CaO + Na2O)-K2O and (D) Al2O3-CaO + Na2O + K2O-FeOT + MgO molar-proportion diagrams (after Nesbitt and Young, 1996; Nesbitt et al., 1995). In legend, shown in A, sst—sandstone, slt—siltstone. In B, the range in concentrations in the Meguma Group metasedimentary rocks (MMS, from J. Dostal, 1997, personal commun.), Meguma granitoid plutons (MP, from Ham et al., 1989), the Neoproterozoic Georgeville Group (GG, from Murphy and MacDonald, 1993), and the Lower Silurian Beechill Cove Formation (BC, from Murphy et al., 1995) are shown. In C and D, Bi—biotite; Cp—clinopyroxene; Fel—feldspar; Gi—gibbsite; Hb—hornblende; Ill—illite; Ka—kaolinite; K-sp—K-feldspar; Mu—muscovite; Pl—plagioclase; Sm—smectite.]()
![Figure 9. The relationship between geochemical trends (A) La/Sm vs. Th and (B) Ta/La vs. Ti and the accumulation of heavy minerals such as apatite (Ap), allanite (Al), titanite (Tt), and zircon (Zr) in the St. Marys basin sedimentary rocks. Symbols as in Figures 3–6; in legend, sst—sandstone, slt—siltstone. Trends are shown for the Meguma Group metasedimentary rocks (MMS), the Meguma granitoid plutons (MP), and the Beechill Cove Formation (BC). Neither Th nor Ta data are available for the Georgeville Group. Ellipses in B show the range in composition of the Graham Hill (GH) and the Barren Hills (BH) Formations. The data indicate that the accumulation of heavy minerals was not significant. (C) Al2O3-Hf-TiO2 triangular diagram (after Garcia et al., 1994; La Fleche and Camiré, 1996). Ellipse pointing toward the Hf apex shows the range in composition of the fine-grained Little Stewiacke (LSf) and Graham Hill (GH) rocks, and the ellipse pointing toward the Al2O3 apex shows the range in composition of the coarse-grained Little Stewiacke (LSc) and Barren Hills (BH) rocks.]()
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Journal Article
Age and tectonic setting of Neoproterozoic granitoid rocks, Antigonish Highlands, Nova Scotia, Canada: implications for Avalonia in the northern Appalachian orogen Available to Purchase
Journal: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
Published: 05 November 2020
Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (2021) 58 (4): 396–412.
...C.E. White; S.M. Barr; M.A. Hamilton; J.B. Murphy The oldest rocks in the Avalonian Antigonish Highlands of northern mainland Nova Scotia, Canada, are late Neoproterozoic (>618 Ma) volcanic and sedimentary rocks of the Georgeville Group intruded by gabbroic/dioritic to granitic plutons. New U–Pb...
FIGURES
Includes: Supplemental Content
Journal Article
Postorogenic alkali feldspar granite and associated pegmatites in West Avalonia: the petrology of the Neoproterozoic Georgeville Pluton, Antigonish Highlands, Nova Scotia Free
Journal: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
Published: 01 February 1998
Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (1998) 35 (2): 110–120.
... of the Georgeville Group, which comprises part of West Avalonia, the largest terrane in the Canadian Appalachians. The granite is characterized by above-average SiO 2 , Th, Nb, Y, and Zr; very low CaO, TiO 2 , MgO, FeO, and MnO; and most notably by positively sloped rare earth element (REE) profiles generated...
Journal Article
Geochemistry and tectonic discrimination of Late Proterozoic arc-related volcaniclastic turbidite sequences, Antigonish Highlands, Nova Scotia Free
Journal: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
Published: 01 December 1993
Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (1993) 30 (12): 2273–2282.
...J. Brendan Murphy; Deborah L. MacDonald Abstract The Late Proterozoic (ca. 618–610 Ma) Georgeville Group of northern mainland Nova Scotia lies within the Avalon Composite Terrane and consists of subgreenschist- to greenschist-facies mafic and felsic volcanic rocks overlain by volcaniclastic...
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Selected major and trace elements plotted against SiO 2 . A , Fe 2 O 3 ; ... Available to Purchase
in Geochemistry of the Neoproterozoic Metasedimentary Gamble Brook Formation, Avalon Terrane, Nova Scotia: Evidence for a Rifted-Arc Environment along the West Gondwanan Margin of Rodinia
> The Journal of Geology
Published: 01 July 2002
Figure 3. Selected major and trace elements plotted against SiO 2 . A , Fe 2 O 3 ; B , K 2 O; C , MgO; D , Al 2 O 3 ; E , TiO 2 ; F , Zr. The range in concentration in the Neoproterozoic Georgeville Group ( GG ) is shown in each plot.
Image
Figure 7. Chondrite-normalized rare earth element (REE) profiles for (A) Be... Available to Purchase
in Lithogeochemical and Sm-Nd and U-Pb isotope data from the Silurian–Lower Devonian Arisaig Group clastic rocks, Avalon terrane, Nova Scotia: A record of terrane accretion in the Appalachian-Caledonide orogen
> GSA Bulletin
Published: 01 September 2004
Figure 7. Chondrite-normalized rare earth element (REE) profiles for (A) Beechill Cove (BC) and Ross Brook (Rb) Formations, (B) French River (Fr), Doctors Brook (Db), and Stonehouse (St) Formations compared with REE profiles for (C) the Neoproterozoic turbidites of the Georgeville Group (GG
Image
Figure 6. Plots using interelement ratios of high field strength elements: ... Available to Purchase
in Lithogeochemical and Sm-Nd and U-Pb isotope data from the Silurian–Lower Devonian Arisaig Group clastic rocks, Avalon terrane, Nova Scotia: A record of terrane accretion in the Appalachian-Caledonide orogen
> GSA Bulletin
Published: 01 September 2004
Figure 6. Plots using interelement ratios of high field strength elements: (A) Zr/Nb vs. Ti/Nb; (B) Zr/V vs. Ti/V; (C) Zr/Y vs. Ti/Y. Trend 1 is for the Beechill Cove data; trend 2 is for the Ross Brook, French River, Doctors Brook, and Stonehouse Formations. GG—Georgeville Group; MMS—Meguma Group
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Figure 5. (A) K 2 O (wt%) vs. Rb (ppm) plot showing that K/Rb in the Horton... Available to Purchase
in Tectonic influence on sedimentation along the southern flank of the late Paleozoic Magdalen basin in the Canadian Appalachians: Geochemical and isotopic constraints on the Horton Group in the St. Marys basin, Nova Scotia
> GSA Bulletin
Published: 01 July 2000
—Meguma Group metasedimentary rocks; MP—Meguma granitoid plutons; GG—Georgeville Group; BC—Beechill Cove Formation.
Image
Figure 10. (A) Nb/V vs. Zr/Ti and (B) Zr/Nb vs. Ti/Nb for the St. Marys bas... Available to Purchase
in Tectonic influence on sedimentation along the southern flank of the late Paleozoic Magdalen basin in the Canadian Appalachians: Geochemical and isotopic constraints on the Horton Group in the St. Marys basin, Nova Scotia
> GSA Bulletin
Published: 01 July 2000
Figure 10. (A) Nb/V vs. Zr/Ti and (B) Zr/Nb vs. Ti/Nb for the St. Marys basin sedimentary rocks. Average compositions in each data set are shown with a large asterisk. Mixing lines from average Meguma Group metasedimentary rocks (MMS) to the Georgeville Group (GG) and to the Meguma Pluton (MP
Image
Figure 4. Selected major and trace elements plotted against SiO 2 . (A) Ti ... Available to Purchase
in Tectonic influence on sedimentation along the southern flank of the late Paleozoic Magdalen basin in the Canadian Appalachians: Geochemical and isotopic constraints on the Horton Group in the St. Marys basin, Nova Scotia
> GSA Bulletin
Published: 01 July 2000
granitoid plutons (MP, from Ham et al., 1989 ), the Neoproterozoic Georgeville Group (GG, from Murphy and MacDonald, 1993 ), and the Lower Silurian Beechill Cove Formation (BC, from Murphy et al., 1995 ) are shown.
Image
( a ) REE plot for groups A and B sandstones of the Lismore Formation. ( b ... Available to Purchase
in Geochemistry of the Namurian Lismore Formation, northern mainland Nova Scotia: sedimentation and tectonic activity along the southern flank of the Maritimes Basin
> Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
Published: 01 January 2000
Australian Shale (PAAS) and continental crust. ( d ) Potential source rocks in the Antigonish Highlands. BCF, Beechill Cove Formation; GG, Georgeville Group. ( e ) Potential source rocks in the Cobequid Highlands. COBM, Cobequid mafic rock; COBP, Cobequid granitoid plutons. ( f ) Potential source rocks
Image
Variations in selected major element oxides with SiO 2 for the Lismore For... Available to Purchase
in Geochemistry of the Namurian Lismore Formation, northern mainland Nova Scotia: sedimentation and tectonic activity along the southern flank of the Maritimes Basin
> Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
Published: 01 January 2000
Cove Formation ( Murphy et al. 1995 ); CAL, Caledonia Highlands mafic rocks ( Barr 1987 ); COBM, Cobequid Highlands mafic rocks ( Pe-Piper and Piper 1998 ); COBP, Cobequid Highlands granitic plutons ( Pe-Piper et al. 1989 ); GG, Georgeville Group ( Murphy and MacDonald 1993 ); MG, Meguma Terrane
Image
Figure 7. (A–D) Chondrite-normalized rare earth elements (REEs) for represe... Available to Purchase
in Tectonic influence on sedimentation along the southern flank of the late Paleozoic Magdalen basin in the Canadian Appalachians: Geochemical and isotopic constraints on the Horton Group in the St. Marys basin, Nova Scotia
> GSA Bulletin
Published: 01 July 2000
Australian Shale and average continental crust are shown (from Taylor and McLennan, 1985 ; McLennan et al., 1990 ). (F) The range in normalized REE compositions for Antigonish highlands rocks: Upper Proterozoic Georgeville Group (GG, heavy shade), and Lower Silurian Beechill Cove Formation (BCF, light
Image
Figure 11. (A). 143 Nd/ 144 N dt vs. 147 Sm/ 144 Nd and (B) ϵ Nd(t) − ... Available to Purchase
in Tectonic influence on sedimentation along the southern flank of the late Paleozoic Magdalen basin in the Canadian Appalachians: Geochemical and isotopic constraints on the Horton Group in the St. Marys basin, Nova Scotia
> GSA Bulletin
Published: 01 July 2000
Figure 11. (A). 143 Nd/ 144 N dt vs. 147 Sm/ 144 Nd and (B) ϵ Nd(t) − 87 Sr/ 86 Sr (t) values (t = 360 Ma) plotted for the St. Marys basin rocks. For comparison, the range in compositions is shown of Beechill Cove (BC), Georgeville Group (GG) sedimentary rocks, Meguma terrane metasedimentary
Image
Figure 6. St. Marys basin data plotted on geochemical discrimination diagra... Available to Purchase
in Tectonic influence on sedimentation along the southern flank of the late Paleozoic Magdalen basin in the Canadian Appalachians: Geochemical and isotopic constraints on the Horton Group in the St. Marys basin, Nova Scotia
> GSA Bulletin
Published: 01 July 2000
metasedimentary rocks; MP—Meguma granitoid plutons; GG—Georgeville Group; BC—Beechill Cove Formation. The apparent signature implied by the diagrams may be inherited from an adjacent source region.
Image
Figure 4. Arisaig Group sedimentary rocks plotted on selected published dis... Available to Purchase
in Lithogeochemical and Sm-Nd and U-Pb isotope data from the Silurian–Lower Devonian Arisaig Group clastic rocks, Avalon terrane, Nova Scotia: A record of terrane accretion in the Appalachian-Caledonide orogen
> GSA Bulletin
Published: 01 September 2004
; 4—passive margin. GG—compositional ranges of the Neoproterozoic Georgeville Group turbidites; F—Ordovician felsic rocks; M—Ordovician mafic rocks.
Image
Figure 3. Summary of major- and trace-element chemistry. (A) Al 2 O 3 vs. ... Available to Purchase
in Tectonic influence on sedimentation along the southern flank of the late Paleozoic Magdalen basin in the Canadian Appalachians: Geochemical and isotopic constraints on the Horton Group in the St. Marys basin, Nova Scotia
> GSA Bulletin
Published: 01 July 2000
). In legend, shown in A, sst—sandstone, slt—siltstone. In B, the range in concentrations in the Meguma Group metasedimentary rocks (MMS, from J. Dostal, 1997, personal commun.), Meguma granitoid plutons (MP, from Ham et al., 1989 ), the Neoproterozoic Georgeville Group (GG, from Murphy and MacDonald, 1993
Image
Figure 9. The relationship between geochemical trends (A) La/Sm vs. Th and ... Available to Purchase
in Tectonic influence on sedimentation along the southern flank of the late Paleozoic Magdalen basin in the Canadian Appalachians: Geochemical and isotopic constraints on the Horton Group in the St. Marys basin, Nova Scotia
> GSA Bulletin
Published: 01 July 2000
—siltstone. Trends are shown for the Meguma Group metasedimentary rocks (MMS), the Meguma granitoid plutons (MP), and the Beechill Cove Formation (BC). Neither Th nor Ta data are available for the Georgeville Group. Ellipses in B show the range in composition of the Graham Hill (GH) and the Barren Hills (BH
Journal Article
Tectonic influence on sedimentation along the southern flank of the late Paleozoic Magdalen basin in the Canadian Appalachians: Geochemical and isotopic constraints on the Horton Group in the St. Marys basin, Nova Scotia Available to Purchase
Journal: GSA Bulletin
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Published: 01 July 2000
GSA Bulletin (2000) 112 (7): 997–1011.
...—Meguma Group metasedimentary rocks; MP—Meguma granitoid plutons; GG—Georgeville Group; BC—Beechill Cove Formation. ...
FIGURES
Journal Article
Geochemistry of the Namurian Lismore Formation, northern mainland Nova Scotia: sedimentation and tectonic activity along the southern flank of the Maritimes Basin Available to Purchase
Journal: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
Published: 01 January 2000
Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (2000) 36 (10): 1655–1669.
... Australian Shale (PAAS) and continental crust. ( d ) Potential source rocks in the Antigonish Highlands. BCF, Beechill Cove Formation; GG, Georgeville Group. ( e ) Potential source rocks in the Cobequid Highlands. COBM, Cobequid mafic rock; COBP, Cobequid granitoid plutons. ( f ) Potential source rocks...
FIGURES
Journal Article
Lithogeochemical and Sm-Nd and U-Pb isotope data from the Silurian–Lower Devonian Arisaig Group clastic rocks, Avalon terrane, Nova Scotia: A record of terrane accretion in the Appalachian-Caledonide orogen Available to Purchase
Journal: GSA Bulletin
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Published: 01 September 2004
GSA Bulletin (2004) 116 (9-10): 1183–1201.
...Figure 7. Chondrite-normalized rare earth element (REE) profiles for (A) Beechill Cove (BC) and Ross Brook (Rb) Formations, (B) French River (Fr), Doctors Brook (Db), and Stonehouse (St) Formations compared with REE profiles for (C) the Neoproterozoic turbidites of the Georgeville Group (GG...
FIGURES
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