- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
NARROW
GeoRef Subject
-
all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
-
Africa
-
North Africa
-
Algeria
-
Oran Algeria (1)
-
-
Egypt
-
Sinai Egypt (1)
-
-
-
Southern Africa
-
Karoo Basin (1)
-
South Africa (2)
-
-
-
America (1)
-
Asia
-
Far East
-
China
-
Hong Kong (1)
-
-
Philippine Islands (1)
-
-
Indian Peninsula
-
India
-
West Bengal India
-
Calcutta India (1)
-
-
-
-
Middle East
-
Iran (1)
-
Turkey
-
Istanbul Turkey (1)
-
North Anatolian Fault (1)
-
Sea of Marmara region (1)
-
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
North Atlantic (1)
-
South Atlantic (1)
-
-
Atlantic Ocean Islands (1)
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
Queensland Australia (1)
-
-
-
Canada
-
Eastern Canada
-
Ontario (1)
-
Quebec
-
Gaspe Peninsula (1)
-
Quebec City Quebec (1)
-
-
-
Western Canada
-
Manitoba (2)
-
-
-
Caribbean region
-
West Indies
-
Antilles
-
Lesser Antilles (1)
-
-
-
-
Europe
-
Central Europe
-
Austria
-
Lower Austria
-
Vienna Austria (1)
-
-
-
Germany
-
Brandenburg Germany
-
Berlin Germany (1)
-
-
-
Switzerland
-
Geneva Switzerland (1)
-
-
-
Southern Europe
-
Iberian Peninsula
-
Portugal
-
Coimbra Portugal (1)
-
-
-
Italy
-
Latium Italy
-
Rome Italy (1)
-
-
Sicily Italy
-
Lipari Islands
-
Vulcano (1)
-
-
Palermo Italy (1)
-
-
Tuscany Italy
-
Florence Italy (1)
-
-
-
-
Western Europe
-
Ireland (2)
-
Netherlands (2)
-
Scandinavia
-
Norway
-
Southern Norway (1)
-
-
-
United Kingdom
-
Great Britain
-
England
-
Cornwall England (1)
-
Derbyshire England (1)
-
-
Scotland
-
Edinburgh Scotland (2)
-
Hebrides
-
Inner Hebrides
-
Isle of Skye (1)
-
-
-
Highland region Scotland
-
Inverness-shire Scotland
-
Isle of Skye (1)
-
-
-
Midlothian Scotland (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Front Range (5)
-
Mediterranean Sea
-
East Mediterranean
-
Black Sea (1)
-
-
-
Mexico
-
Durango Mexico (1)
-
Jalisco Mexico (1)
-
Michoacan Mexico
-
Paricutin (1)
-
-
Sierra Madre Occidental (1)
-
-
North America
-
Appalachian Basin (1)
-
Canadian Shield
-
Superior Province
-
Abitibi Belt (1)
-
Quetico Belt (1)
-
Wabigoon Belt (1)
-
Wawa Belt (1)
-
-
-
Michigan Basin (1)
-
Niagara Falls (2)
-
Rocky Mountains (2)
-
Saint Lawrence River (1)
-
Western Interior
-
Western Interior Seaway (1)
-
-
-
Pacific Coast (1)
-
Saint Helena (1)
-
San Andreas Fault (1)
-
Sinai (1)
-
Twin Lakes (1)
-
United States
-
Alabama (1)
-
Arizona
-
Coconino County Arizona (1)
-
San Francisco Peaks (1)
-
-
Arkoma Basin (1)
-
California
-
Central California (1)
-
San Francisco Bay (1)
-
Southern California (1)
-
-
Cincinnati Arch (1)
-
Colorado
-
Arapahoe County Colorado (1)
-
Boulder County Colorado (1)
-
Clear Creek County Colorado (1)
-
Denver County Colorado
-
Denver Colorado (1)
-
-
Douglas County Colorado (3)
-
El Paso County Colorado
-
Colorado Springs Colorado (1)
-
-
Elbert County Colorado (1)
-
Fremont County Colorado
-
Canon City Colorado (1)
-
-
Gilpin County Colorado (1)
-
Gunnison River (1)
-
Jefferson County Colorado (2)
-
Larimer County Colorado (1)
-
Park County Colorado (1)
-
Pueblo County Colorado (1)
-
Teller County Colorado (1)
-
-
Denver Basin (1)
-
Hudson River (1)
-
Illinois
-
Hardin County Illinois (1)
-
Saline County Illinois (1)
-
-
Illinois Basin (2)
-
Indiana
-
Posey County Indiana (2)
-
Vanderburgh County Indiana (2)
-
-
Kentucky (1)
-
New England (1)
-
New Jersey
-
Mercer County New Jersey
-
Trenton New Jersey (1)
-
-
-
New Mexico (1)
-
New York (2)
-
Ohio (1)
-
Ohio River valley (1)
-
Pennsylvania
-
Philadelphia County Pennsylvania
-
Philadelphia Pennsylvania (1)
-
-
-
Uncompahgre Uplift (1)
-
Wabash Valley (1)
-
Western U.S. (2)
-
-
-
commodities
-
construction materials
-
building stone (2)
-
-
diamond deposits (1)
-
energy sources (1)
-
fluorspar deposits (2)
-
geothermal energy (1)
-
metal ores
-
gold ores (2)
-
silver ores (1)
-
-
mineral deposits, genesis (1)
-
petroleum
-
natural gas (1)
-
-
water resources (1)
-
-
elements, isotopes
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (1)
-
-
chemical elements (1)
-
isotope ratios (1)
-
isotopes
-
stable isotopes
-
Ar-40/Ar-36 (1)
-
C-13/C-12 (1)
-
N-15/N-14 (1)
-
Ne-22/Ne-20 (1)
-
O-17/O-16 (1)
-
O-18/O-16 (1)
-
-
-
Lu/Hf (1)
-
nitrogen
-
N-15/N-14 (1)
-
-
noble gases
-
argon
-
Ar-40/Ar-36 (1)
-
-
helium (1)
-
neon
-
Ne-22/Ne-20 (1)
-
-
xenon (1)
-
-
oxygen
-
O-17/O-16 (1)
-
O-18/O-16 (1)
-
-
-
fossils
-
Chordata
-
Vertebrata
-
Agnatha (1)
-
Tetrapoda
-
Mammalia
-
Theria
-
Eutheria
-
Edentata
-
Xenarthra (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Reptilia
-
Diapsida
-
Archosauria
-
dinosaurs
-
Saurischia
-
Theropoda
-
Coelurosauria (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Synapsida
-
Therapsida
-
Dicynodontia
-
Lystrosaurus (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
fungi (1)
-
Invertebrata
-
Mollusca
-
Gastropoda (1)
-
-
-
microfossils (2)
-
palynomorphs
-
miospores
-
pollen (1)
-
-
-
Plantae
-
algae (2)
-
Spermatophyta
-
Gymnospermae
-
Coniferales (1)
-
-
-
-
-
geochronology methods
-
Ar/Ar (1)
-
Lu/Hf (1)
-
U/Pb (2)
-
-
geologic age
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Holocene
-
upper Holocene (3)
-
-
Pleistocene
-
Illinoian (1)
-
upper Pleistocene
-
Wisconsinan (1)
-
-
-
-
Tertiary
-
Neogene
-
Hemphillian (1)
-
Miocene
-
upper Miocene (1)
-
-
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene (1)
-
Paleocene (1)
-
-
-
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Dakota Formation (1)
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Maestrichtian (1)
-
Senonian (1)
-
-
-
Triassic (1)
-
-
Paleozoic
-
Cambrian (1)
-
Carboniferous
-
Pennsylvanian
-
Lower Pennsylvanian
-
Caseyville Formation (1)
-
-
-
-
Devonian (1)
-
Ordovician
-
Lower Ordovician
-
Beekmantown Group (1)
-
Manitou Formation (1)
-
-
Middle Ordovician
-
Chazy Group (1)
-
-
Trenton Group (1)
-
Upper Ordovician
-
Queenston Shale (1)
-
-
Utica Shale (1)
-
-
Permian
-
Cutler Formation (1)
-
Lyons Sandstone (1)
-
-
Silurian
-
Lockport Formation (1)
-
Middle Silurian
-
Clinton Group (1)
-
-
Niagaran (1)
-
-
upper Paleozoic
-
Fountain Formation (3)
-
-
-
Precambrian
-
Archean (3)
-
-
-
igneous rocks
-
igneous rocks
-
plutonic rocks
-
granites (3)
-
-
porphyry (1)
-
volcanic rocks
-
pyroclastics
-
ignimbrite (1)
-
scoria (1)
-
tuff (1)
-
-
rhyolites (1)
-
-
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
metamorphic rocks
-
marbles (1)
-
metaplutonic rocks (1)
-
metavolcanic rocks (1)
-
-
-
meteorites
-
meteorites
-
stony meteorites
-
chondrites (1)
-
-
-
-
minerals
-
minerals (2)
-
silicates
-
framework silicates
-
zeolite group (1)
-
-
orthosilicates
-
nesosilicates
-
zircon group
-
zircon (2)
-
-
-
-
sheet silicates
-
clay minerals (1)
-
-
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (3)
-
academic institutions (1)
-
Africa
-
North Africa
-
Algeria
-
Oran Algeria (1)
-
-
Egypt
-
Sinai Egypt (1)
-
-
-
Southern Africa
-
Karoo Basin (1)
-
South Africa (2)
-
-
-
Asia
-
Far East
-
China
-
Hong Kong (1)
-
-
Philippine Islands (1)
-
-
Indian Peninsula
-
India
-
West Bengal India
-
Calcutta India (1)
-
-
-
-
Middle East
-
Iran (1)
-
Turkey
-
Istanbul Turkey (1)
-
North Anatolian Fault (1)
-
Sea of Marmara region (1)
-
-
-
-
associations (1)
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
North Atlantic (1)
-
South Atlantic (1)
-
-
Atlantic Ocean Islands (1)
-
atmosphere (1)
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
Queensland Australia (1)
-
-
-
bibliography (2)
-
biogeography (1)
-
biography (29)
-
book reviews (1)
-
Canada
-
Eastern Canada
-
Ontario (1)
-
Quebec
-
Gaspe Peninsula (1)
-
Quebec City Quebec (1)
-
-
-
Western Canada
-
Manitoba (2)
-
-
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (1)
-
-
Caribbean region
-
West Indies
-
Antilles
-
Lesser Antilles (1)
-
-
-
-
catalogs (4)
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Holocene
-
upper Holocene (3)
-
-
Pleistocene
-
Illinoian (1)
-
upper Pleistocene
-
Wisconsinan (1)
-
-
-
-
Tertiary
-
Neogene
-
Hemphillian (1)
-
Miocene
-
upper Miocene (1)
-
-
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene (1)
-
Paleocene (1)
-
-
-
-
Chordata
-
Vertebrata
-
Agnatha (1)
-
Tetrapoda
-
Mammalia
-
Theria
-
Eutheria
-
Edentata
-
Xenarthra (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Reptilia
-
Diapsida
-
Archosauria
-
dinosaurs
-
Saurischia
-
Theropoda
-
Coelurosauria (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Synapsida
-
Therapsida
-
Dicynodontia
-
Lystrosaurus (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
clay mineralogy (1)
-
climate change (2)
-
conservation (1)
-
construction materials
-
building stone (2)
-
-
continental drift (2)
-
crust (3)
-
crystallography (1)
-
data processing (1)
-
deformation (2)
-
diagenesis (1)
-
diamond deposits (1)
-
Earth (2)
-
earthquakes (14)
-
ecology (2)
-
economic geology (1)
-
education (2)
-
energy sources (1)
-
engineering geology (1)
-
environmental geology (2)
-
Europe
-
Central Europe
-
Austria
-
Lower Austria
-
Vienna Austria (1)
-
-
-
Germany
-
Brandenburg Germany
-
Berlin Germany (1)
-
-
-
Switzerland
-
Geneva Switzerland (1)
-
-
-
Southern Europe
-
Iberian Peninsula
-
Portugal
-
Coimbra Portugal (1)
-
-
-
Italy
-
Latium Italy
-
Rome Italy (1)
-
-
Sicily Italy
-
Lipari Islands
-
Vulcano (1)
-
-
Palermo Italy (1)
-
-
Tuscany Italy
-
Florence Italy (1)
-
-
-
-
Western Europe
-
Ireland (2)
-
Netherlands (2)
-
Scandinavia
-
Norway
-
Southern Norway (1)
-
-
-
United Kingdom
-
Great Britain
-
England
-
Cornwall England (1)
-
Derbyshire England (1)
-
-
Scotland
-
Edinburgh Scotland (2)
-
Hebrides
-
Inner Hebrides
-
Isle of Skye (1)
-
-
-
Highland region Scotland
-
Inverness-shire Scotland
-
Isle of Skye (1)
-
-
-
Midlothian Scotland (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
faults (8)
-
fluorspar deposits (2)
-
fractures (1)
-
fungi (1)
-
geochemistry (4)
-
geochronology (2)
-
geodesy (1)
-
geology (14)
-
geomorphology (2)
-
geophysical methods (3)
-
geophysics (1)
-
geothermal energy (1)
-
government agencies
-
survey organizations (1)
-
-
ground water (3)
-
igneous rocks
-
plutonic rocks
-
granites (3)
-
-
porphyry (1)
-
volcanic rocks
-
pyroclastics
-
ignimbrite (1)
-
scoria (1)
-
tuff (1)
-
-
rhyolites (1)
-
-
-
intrusions (2)
-
Invertebrata
-
Mollusca
-
Gastropoda (1)
-
-
-
isotopes
-
stable isotopes
-
Ar-40/Ar-36 (1)
-
C-13/C-12 (1)
-
N-15/N-14 (1)
-
Ne-22/Ne-20 (1)
-
O-17/O-16 (1)
-
O-18/O-16 (1)
-
-
-
maps (3)
-
Mediterranean Sea
-
East Mediterranean
-
Black Sea (1)
-
-
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Dakota Formation (1)
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Maestrichtian (1)
-
Senonian (1)
-
-
-
Triassic (1)
-
-
metal ores
-
gold ores (2)
-
silver ores (1)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
marbles (1)
-
metaplutonic rocks (1)
-
metavolcanic rocks (1)
-
-
metamorphism (2)
-
meteorites
-
stony meteorites
-
chondrites (1)
-
-
-
meteorology (1)
-
Mexico
-
Durango Mexico (1)
-
Jalisco Mexico (1)
-
Michoacan Mexico
-
Paricutin (1)
-
-
Sierra Madre Occidental (1)
-
-
micropaleontology (1)
-
mineral deposits, genesis (1)
-
mineralogy (3)
-
minerals (2)
-
Moon (1)
-
museums (4)
-
nitrogen
-
N-15/N-14 (1)
-
-
noble gases
-
argon
-
Ar-40/Ar-36 (1)
-
-
helium (1)
-
neon
-
Ne-22/Ne-20 (1)
-
-
xenon (1)
-
-
North America
-
Appalachian Basin (1)
-
Canadian Shield
-
Superior Province
-
Abitibi Belt (1)
-
Quetico Belt (1)
-
Wabigoon Belt (1)
-
Wawa Belt (1)
-
-
-
Michigan Basin (1)
-
Niagara Falls (2)
-
Rocky Mountains (2)
-
Saint Lawrence River (1)
-
Western Interior
-
Western Interior Seaway (1)
-
-
-
ocean waves (1)
-
oceanography (1)
-
orogeny (2)
-
oxygen
-
O-17/O-16 (1)
-
O-18/O-16 (1)
-
-
Pacific Coast (1)
-
paleobotany (1)
-
paleoclimatology (1)
-
paleogeography (4)
-
paleontology (7)
-
Paleozoic
-
Cambrian (1)
-
Carboniferous
-
Pennsylvanian
-
Lower Pennsylvanian
-
Caseyville Formation (1)
-
-
-
-
Devonian (1)
-
Ordovician
-
Lower Ordovician
-
Beekmantown Group (1)
-
Manitou Formation (1)
-
-
Middle Ordovician
-
Chazy Group (1)
-
-
Trenton Group (1)
-
Upper Ordovician
-
Queenston Shale (1)
-
-
Utica Shale (1)
-
-
Permian
-
Cutler Formation (1)
-
Lyons Sandstone (1)
-
-
Silurian
-
Lockport Formation (1)
-
Middle Silurian
-
Clinton Group (1)
-
-
Niagaran (1)
-
-
upper Paleozoic
-
Fountain Formation (3)
-
-
-
palynomorphs
-
miospores
-
pollen (1)
-
-
-
petroleum
-
natural gas (1)
-
-
petrology (1)
-
Plantae
-
algae (2)
-
Spermatophyta
-
Gymnospermae
-
Coniferales (1)
-
-
-
-
plate tectonics (1)
-
pollution (1)
-
Precambrian
-
Archean (3)
-
-
sea water (1)
-
sea-level changes (2)
-
sedimentary petrology (1)
-
sedimentary rocks
-
carbonate rocks
-
limestone (1)
-
-
clastic rocks
-
arenite (1)
-
conglomerate (1)
-
sandstone (4)
-
siltstone (1)
-
-
coal (2)
-
-
sedimentary structures
-
soft sediment deformation
-
sandstone dikes (1)
-
-
-
sedimentation (1)
-
sediments
-
clastic sediments
-
loess (1)
-
-
-
seismology (3)
-
slope stability (2)
-
soils (1)
-
springs (1)
-
stratigraphy (7)
-
structural geology (1)
-
symposia (1)
-
tectonics
-
neotectonics (1)
-
-
thermal waters (1)
-
United States
-
Alabama (1)
-
Arizona
-
Coconino County Arizona (1)
-
San Francisco Peaks (1)
-
-
Arkoma Basin (1)
-
California
-
Central California (1)
-
San Francisco Bay (1)
-
Southern California (1)
-
-
Cincinnati Arch (1)
-
Colorado
-
Arapahoe County Colorado (1)
-
Boulder County Colorado (1)
-
Clear Creek County Colorado (1)
-
Denver County Colorado
-
Denver Colorado (1)
-
-
Douglas County Colorado (3)
-
El Paso County Colorado
-
Colorado Springs Colorado (1)
-
-
Elbert County Colorado (1)
-
Fremont County Colorado
-
Canon City Colorado (1)
-
-
Gilpin County Colorado (1)
-
Gunnison River (1)
-
Jefferson County Colorado (2)
-
Larimer County Colorado (1)
-
Park County Colorado (1)
-
Pueblo County Colorado (1)
-
Teller County Colorado (1)
-
-
Denver Basin (1)
-
Hudson River (1)
-
Illinois
-
Hardin County Illinois (1)
-
Saline County Illinois (1)
-
-
Illinois Basin (2)
-
Indiana
-
Posey County Indiana (2)
-
Vanderburgh County Indiana (2)
-
-
Kentucky (1)
-
New England (1)
-
New Jersey
-
Mercer County New Jersey
-
Trenton New Jersey (1)
-
-
-
New Mexico (1)
-
New York (2)
-
Ohio (1)
-
Ohio River valley (1)
-
Pennsylvania
-
Philadelphia County Pennsylvania
-
Philadelphia Pennsylvania (1)
-
-
-
Uncompahgre Uplift (1)
-
Wabash Valley (1)
-
Western U.S. (2)
-
-
volcanology (1)
-
water resources (1)
-
waterways (1)
-
weathering (2)
-
-
sedimentary rocks
-
sedimentary rocks
-
carbonate rocks
-
limestone (1)
-
-
clastic rocks
-
arenite (1)
-
conglomerate (1)
-
sandstone (4)
-
siltstone (1)
-
-
coal (2)
-
-
-
sedimentary structures
-
sedimentary structures
-
soft sediment deformation
-
sandstone dikes (1)
-
-
-
-
sediments
-
sediments
-
clastic sediments
-
loess (1)
-
-
-
-
soils
-
paleosols (1)
-
soils (1)
-
Garden of the Gods
Garden of the Gods at Colorado Springs: Paleozoic and Mesozoic sedimentation and tectonics
Abstract Exposed along the southeast flank of the Colorado Front Range are rocks that beautifully illustrate the interplay of sedimentation and tectonics. Two major range-bounding faults, the Ute Pass fault and the Rampart Range fault, converge on the Garden of the Gods region west of Colorado Springs. Cambrian through Cretaceous strata upturned by these faults reveal in their grain compositions, textures, and bed-forms radically different styles of sedimentation. The Cambrian/Ordovician marine transgressive deposits appear to have come to rest on a passive and tectonically inactive craton. In contrast, coarse-grained Pennsylvanian/Permian marine deposits of the Fountain Formation and Lyons Sandstone reveal deposition by suspension and tractive currents in a very dynamic tectonic setting. These styles are contrasted with the alternating eustatics of the Western Interior Seaway which led to the local Cretaceous section. Finally, the powerful imprint of the Laramide orogeny is evident in the sandstone dikes of Sawatch Sandstone which are found within the hanging wall of the Ute Pass fault.
Abstract Minerals have been extracted from the Illinois-Kentucky Fluorite District for over 170 years. Theories concerning the inter-relationship between the fluorite mineralization, tectonism, and igneous activity will be discussed by several geologists during this field trip. The Columbia mine (vein deposit) will be visited in Kentucky, and the only mine currently producing fluorite in this district, the Hastie Limestone Quarry (strata-bound deposit), will be visited in Illinois. The mining history of this region will be explained at the American Fluorite Museum, where numerous mineral specimens can be examined. The Hicks Dome, a Permian crypto-volcanic feature (?) in Illinois, will also be discussed. The trip will conclude with a walking tour at the Garden of the Gods Recreational Area to view the Eagle Valley Syncline and Lower Pennsylvanian units.
The Garden of the Gods and basal Phanerozoic nonconformity in and near Colorado Springs, Colorado
Abstract The Garden of the Gods, a city park within the Colorado Springs city limits, is located on the eastern flank of the Colorado Front Range (Fig. 1). It can be reached by following the Garden of the Gods Road (exit 146 from I-25) west 2.4 mi (3.8 km) until it curves to the south and becomes 30th Street. Continue south 1.5 mi (2.4 km) to an unnamed road marked by a small sign (Garden of the Gods) and turn right (west) into the park. Mesa Road, which veers uphill from 30th Street 0.8 mi (1.3 km) north of the turnoff to the park, crests at a spectacular overview of the park and surrounding areas. Several U.S. Geological Survey 7½-minute quadrangle maps cover this region. The Garden of the Gods lies mostly within the Pikeview and Cascade Quadrangles; with its southern part in the Colorado Springs and Manitou Springs Quadrangles. The two stops described here are all on public land and can be reached by passenger car.
Strata, structures, and enduring enigmas: A 125th Anniversary appraisal of Colorado Springs geology
Abstract Although the southern Front Range in Colorado Springs and Manitou Springs contains a near-complete record of Rocky Mountains geological evolution from Proterozoic to Present, there nevertheless are persistent geological problems that have eluded understanding for as much as 125 years. In keeping with the 2013 GSA Annual Meeting theme, “Celebrating Advances in Geoscience,” this field trip visits long-known elements of Front Range geology that merit reexamination within the context of new paleoenvironmental and geochronology data. Of note are: (1) the Great Unconformity and its chemically weathered substrate that correspond to a time of profound changes in global ocean chemistry; (2) lower Paleozoic strata that record sea-level fluctuations, attributable in part to regional tectonism; (3) an array of granite-hosted sandstone dikes, for which a new emplacement model is proposed; and (4) the Front Range monocline at Garden of the Gods Park, examined from the standpoint of its temporal evolution, newly bracketed by results of 40 Ar/ 39 Ar age analysis of illite generated by shear upon bedding-parallel faults.
Abstract The tradition of Rocky Mountain geology remains strong at all scales, spatially and temporally. This volume fosters that tradition with its collection of peer-reviewed papers associated with the 2010 GSA Annual Meeting in Denver, Colorado. Spatially, this volume discusses theories of continental mountain building events in tandem with microscopic observations and parts per billion trace element concentrations. Temporally, the volume covers geologic history from the Precambrian to modern issues of climate change and energy, groundwater contamination, geologic hazards, and landscape evolution. Many of the trips propose new interpretations of famous geologic ideas and environs such as Laramide deformation, the Colorado Mineral Belt, the Lewis and Clark Line, the Chalk Cliffs, and Garden of the Gods.
Abstract This guidebook complements the field trips offered during the 42nd Annual Meeting of the GSA North-Central Section, held in Evansville, Indiana. Topics include analysis and correlation of Silurian depositional sequences across the Cincinnati Arch in Ohio, Kentucky, and Indiana; conodonts and Pennsylvanian stratigraphy in southwestern Indiana; relationships between tectonism, igneous activity, and fluorite mineralization within the Illinois-Kentucky Fluorite District; characteristics and origin of the highly eroded Pennsylvanian sandstones at the Garden of the Gods in Illinois; use of filled-fracture features as indicators of seismicity within the lower Wabash and Ohio River valleys; and hydrogeology of an abandoned mine site in Indiana, with applications to planning for disposal of coal-combustion products. Two chapters focus on the history of New Harmony, Indiana, which served as headquarters for the pioneering naturalists who worked to characterize and map this country's interior. Another chapter relates the history of Evansville to the availability and use of geologic materials, with discussions on the characteristics and origins of building stones, building techniques, and architectural styles. References to mining history, with respect to building stone, coal, and fluorite, are made throughout.