A major carbonate sequence occurs within the lower part of the Talladega slate belt in Chilton, Coosa, and Talladega Counties. The carbonate units are overlain by a major regional unconformity known as the pre-Lay Dam Formation unconformity. The carbonate sequence below the unconformity is represented in different areas by the Jumbo Dolomite, the Marble Valley carbonates, and the Sylacauga marbles. At the type location in Chilton County, the Jumbo is a 67-m-thick, predominantly thickly bedded dolostone. The contact with the underlying slates of the Wash Creek Slate (Mount Zion Formation) is an interlayered zone of dolostone and fine, commonly graphitic, clastic rock. This zone grades upward into a dolostone that contains a few pelitic layers. Near the base, the Jumbo contains intraclasts and recrystallized fragments up to 6 cm in length. Rounded quartz grains are disseminated in the lower section of the Jumbo. Near the middle of the massively bedded dolostone is a layer that contains intraclasts of massive and laminated carbonate as much as 12 cm in length. Just below the unconformity in the type section, the upper part of the Jumbo contains laminations of fine-grained clastic rock. Along strike to the northeast and southwest the unconformity appears to have erosional relief. Less than 1 km west of the type location the unconformity truncates the carbonate sequence completely. To the northeast the pre-Lay Dam Formation unconformity appears to rise in the section in the Marble Valley carbonates and the Sylacauga marbles, exposing a very thick carbonate sequence. Stratigraphic and structural relationships of the Jumbo, Marble Valley, and Sylacauga marbles are not yet resolved. Initial data indicate that the Jumbo occurs stratigraphically below and to the northwest of the Marble Valley carbonates, suggesting that the Jumbo is the oldest carbonate unit in the sequence.

Multiple levels of frontal ramps and detachment flats accommodate tectonic shortening in contrasting deformation styles at different levels in a mechanically hetero geneous stratigraphic succession in a foreland thrust belt. The late Paleozoic Appalachian thrust belt in Alabama exhibits a balance of shortening in contrasting deformation styles at different stratigraphic levels. The regional décollement is in a weak unit (Cambrian shale) near the base of the Paleozoic succession above Precambrian crystalline basement rocks. Basement faults, now beneath the décollement, controlled the sedimentary thickness of the Cambrian shale and the location of high-amplitude frontal ramps of the regional stiff layer (Cambrian-Ordovician massive carbonate); shortening in a mushwad (ductile duplex) from thick Cambrian shale is balanced by translation of the regional stiff layer at a high-amplitude frontal ramp above a basement fault. A trailing, high-amplitude, brittle duplex of the regional stiff layer has a floor on the regional décollement and a roof that is also the floor of an upper-level, lower-amplitude, brittle duplex. The roof of the upper-level brittle duplex is a diffuse ductile detachment below an upper-level mushwad, with which parts of the brittle duplex are imbricated. The basal detachment of the upper-level mushwad changes along strike into a frontal ramp at a location coincident with a sedimentary facies change in the weak shale unit that hosts the mushwad. The roof of the upper-level mushwad is a brittle massive sandstone. Shortening on the regional décollement is balanced successively upward through contrasting tectonic styles in successive mechanically contrasting stratigraphic units.