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Chari Tuff

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Journal Article
Published: 01 January 2006
Journal of the Geological Society (2006) 163 (1): 185–204.
...Francis H. Brown; Bereket Haileab; Ian McDougall Abstract This paper describes a sequence of tuffs between the KBS and the Chari Tuff of Omo Group formations in Kenya and Ethiopia. These tuffs have recently been shown to be 1.87 ± 0.02 Ma and 1.38 ± 0.03 Ma in age, respectively. The sequence...
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First thumbnail for: Sequence of <span class="search-highlight">tuffs</...
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Composite 40Ar/39Ar dataset from Chari/Tuff L samples showing eruption age estimates calculated using several statistical approaches. The nMAD plus ‘gap’ algorithm method (e.g. Deino et al. 2019) typically gives the oldest estimates, followed by Model 3 (normality test and goodness-of-fit filter; Andersen et al. 2017). Model 1 (low MSWD weighted mean) and Model 2 (weighted mean filter) (Schaen et al. 2021) and the Bayesian algorithm (Keller et al. 2018) give similar younger ages, with the more conservative Bayesian age estimates preferred.
Published: 15 June 2023
Fig. 8. Composite 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dataset from Chari/Tuff L samples showing eruption age estimates calculated using several statistical approaches. The nMAD plus ‘gap’ algorithm method (e.g. Deino et al. 2019 ) typically gives the oldest estimates, followed by Model 3 (normality test
Journal Article
Published: 01 January 2006
Journal of the Geological Society (2006) 163 (1): 205–220.
... the Chari Tuff is particularly notable for its wealth of hominid fossils and archaeological sites. Silicic tuffaceous horizons have provided the basis for stratigraphic subdivision and correlation. Pumice clasts within the tuffs contain anorthoclase phenocrysts, ideal for 40 Ar/ 39 Ar single-crystal dating...
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First thumbnail for: Precise 40 Ar/ 39 Ar geochronology for the upper K...
Second thumbnail for: Precise 40 Ar/ 39 Ar geochronology for the upper K...
Third thumbnail for: Precise 40 Ar/ 39 Ar geochronology for the upper K...
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 Stratigraphic relations of tuffs of Group 5 that lie above the Lokapetamoi Tuff but below the Chari Tuff ( Tuff L). The Lower Nariokotome Tuff is shown on some columns where the Chari Tuff is absent. The section at Errum is after description by de Heinzelin (1983). Others are from field notes of F.H.B.
Published: 01 January 2006
Fig. 7.  Stratigraphic relations of tuffs of Group 5 that lie above the Lokapetamoi Tuff but below the Chari Tuff ( Tuff L). The Lower Nariokotome Tuff is shown on some columns where the Chari Tuff is absent. The section at Errum is after description by de Heinzelin (1983) . Others are from
Journal Article
Journal: GSA Bulletin
Published: 01 February 1985
GSA Bulletin (1985) 96 (2): 159–175.
.... Stratigraphically higher tuffs and their ages include the Ninikaa Tuff, 3.06 ± 0.03 Ma; the KBS Tuff, 1.88 ± 0.02 Ma; the Malbe Tuff, 1.86 ± 0.02 Ma; the Chari Tuff, 1.39 ± 0.02 Ma, and the Silbo Tuff, 0.74 ± 0.01 Ma, near the top of the sequence. The geochronology and geological data indicate at least three...
Image
40Ar/39Ar ages v. Ca/K ratios for (a) KBS/H2 feldspars, (b) Malbe/H4 feldspars, (c) Chari/Tuff L feldspars and (d) Gele feldspars. Note the broad correlation in ages with the Ca/K ratios for the Chari/Tuff L and Gele feldspars. Vertical and horizontal bars indicate 2σ uncertainties. Source data are listed in Table S5.
Published: 15 June 2023
Fig. 7. 40 Ar/ 39 Ar ages v. Ca/K ratios for ( a ) KBS/H2 feldspars, ( b ) Malbe/H4 feldspars, ( c ) Chari/Tuff L feldspars and ( d ) Gele feldspars. Note the broad correlation in ages with the Ca/K ratios for the Chari/Tuff L and Gele feldspars. Vertical and horizontal bars indicate 2 σ
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Ternary feldspar diagrams with field lines after Deer et al. (2013). The electron microprobe analysis source data are listed in Table S4. (a) KBS/H2 Tuff pumice feldspar compositions. (b) Malbe/H4 Tuff pumice feldspar compositions. (c) Chari/Tuff L pumice feldspar compositions. (d) Gele Tuff pumice feldspar compositions.
Published: 15 June 2023
Fig. 4. Ternary feldspar diagrams with field lines after Deer et al. (2013) . The electron microprobe analysis source data are listed in Table S4 . ( a ) KBS/H2 Tuff pumice feldspar compositions. ( b ) Malbe/H4 Tuff pumice feldspar compositions. ( c ) Chari/Tuff L pumice feldspar compositions
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Composite 40Ar/39Ar ages (ka) for (a) KBS/H2 feldspars, (b) Malbe/H4 feldspars, (c) Chari/Tuff L feldspars and (d) Gele feldspars. Listed eruption age estimates are calculated using the Bayesian algorithm of Keller et al. (2018). Vertical bars indicate 2σ uncertainties. Source data are listed in Table S5.
Published: 15 June 2023
Fig. 6. Composite 40 Ar/ 39 Ar ages (ka) for ( a ) KBS/H2 feldspars, ( b ) Malbe/H4 feldspars, ( c ) Chari/Tuff L feldspars and ( d ) Gele feldspars. Listed eruption age estimates are calculated using the Bayesian algorithm of Keller et al. (2018) . Vertical bars indicate 2 σ
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Previous age data for the (a) KBS/H2 and Malbe/H4 tuffs and (b) Chari/Tuff L and Gele tuffs. Ages recalculated using the decay constants of Min et al. (2000) and fluence monitor ages of Phillips et al. (2022). F&amp;M'70, Fitch and Miller (1970); F&amp;M'76, Fitch and Miller (1976); B&amp;N, Brown and Nash (1976); McD'80, McDougall et al. (1980); McD'85, McDougall (1981); McD'85, McDougall (1985); McD&amp;B'06, McDougall and Brown (2006). Error bars shown with 2σ uncertainties.
Published: 15 June 2023
Fig. 2. Previous age data for the ( a ) KBS/H2 and Malbe/H4 tuffs and ( b ) Chari/Tuff L and Gele tuffs. Ages recalculated using the decay constants of Min et al. (2000) and fluence monitor ages of Phillips et al. (2022) . F&M'70, Fitch and Miller (1970) ; F&M'76, Fitch
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Probability density plot showing recalculated 40Ar/39Ar data from the four Chari Tuff samples analysed by McDougall and Brown (2006). The calculated weighted mean age for the four samples (1384.5±7.9 ka) is distinctly older than the Bayesian age estimate (1359.2±7.5 ka) (n = 46 of 56 feldspars), with the latter indistinguishable from current results.
Published: 15 June 2023
Fig. 9. Probability density plot showing recalculated 40 Ar/ 39 Ar data from the four Chari Tuff samples analysed by McDougall and Brown (2006) . The calculated weighted mean age for the four samples (1384.5±7.9 ka) is distinctly older than the Bayesian age estimate (1359.2±7.5 ka) ( n  = 46
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40Ar/39Ar single-fragment feldspar ages (ka) for (a) KBS/H2 samples, (b) Malbe/H4 samples, (c) Chari/Tuff L samples and (d) Gele samples. Preferred eruption age estimates (Table 1) were calculated using the Bayesian algorithm of Keller et al. (2018). Vertical bars indicate 2σ uncertainties. Source data are listed in Table S5.
Published: 15 June 2023
Fig. 5. 40 Ar/ 39 Ar single-fragment feldspar ages (ka) for ( a ) KBS/H2 samples, ( b ) Malbe/H4 samples, ( c ) Chari/Tuff L samples and ( d ) Gele samples. Preferred eruption age estimates ( Table 1 ) were calculated using the Bayesian algorithm of Keller et al. (2018) . Vertical bars
Journal Article
Published: 15 June 2023
Journal of the Geological Society (2023) 180 (4): jgs2022-171.
...Fig. 8. Composite 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dataset from Chari/Tuff L samples showing eruption age estimates calculated using several statistical approaches. The nMAD plus ‘gap’ algorithm method (e.g. Deino et al. 2019 ) typically gives the oldest estimates, followed by Model 3 (normality test...
FIGURES
First thumbnail for: 40 Ar&#x2F; 39 Ar eruption ages of Turkana Basin <...
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Representative major element variation diagrams for tuff and pumice glass shards from current KBS (= H2), Malbe (= H4), Chari (= L) and Gele Tuff samples. Tuff glass samples are ETH86-279 (KBS), K80-225 (Malbe), K03-0069 (Chari) and K82-835 (Gele). The remaining sample numbers refer to pumice glass fragments. The electron microprobe analysis source data are listed in Table S3.
Published: 15 June 2023
Fig. 3. Representative major element variation diagrams for tuff and pumice glass shards from current KBS (= H2), Malbe (= H4), Chari (= L) and Gele Tuff samples. Tuff glass samples are ETH86-279 (KBS), K80-225 (Malbe), K03-0069 (Chari) and K82-835 (Gele). The remaining sample numbers refer
Journal Article
Published: 01 March 1986
Journal of the Geological Society (1986) 143 (2): 297–310.
... as those sedimentary strata which lie between the basal contact of the Suregei Tuff complex and the upper contact of the prominent tuff exposed along the Ileret Ridge, here named the Chari Tuff, or the basal contact of the Holocene grey tuffaceous predominantly lacustrine siltstones which represent a late...
Journal Article
Published: 01 March 2012
Journal of the Geological Society (2012) 169 (2): 213–226.
... the Ileret Tuff Complex near 1.50 ± 0.04 Ma ( Table 2 ), and four others lie between the Ileret Tuff Complex and the Chari Tuff. Estimated ages range from 1.41 to 1.45 Ma for this latter group ( Table 2 ). Another specimen, KNM-ER 807, lies 1.9 m below a lenticular tuff that is compositionally...
FIGURES
First thumbnail for: New single crystal 40 Ar/ 39 Ar ages improve time ...
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Third thumbnail for: New single crystal 40 Ar/ 39 Ar ages improve time ...
Journal Article
Published: 01 September 1970
Jour. Geol. Soc. India (1970) 11 (3): 278–282.
... SPECIES OF ACICULARIA FROM THE JURASSIC OF CUTCH AJIT KUMAR PAL Department of Botany, Upiversity of Calcutta AND SUKOMAL GANGOPADHYAYA Department of Geology, Jadavpur University, Calcutta Introduction: The material for the present work was collected from the Chari formation developed at the Jura Dome near...
Journal Article
Published: 01 December 2006
Journal of the Geological Society (2006) 163 (6): 905–921.
... and the Bongor Basin will be referred to as the central African subsystem basins, following Genik (1993) . The general area in which the three described trends converge is northeastern Nigeria and the drainage basins of the Chari and Logone Rivers ( Fig. 2 ). The rifts share a common history commencing...
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First thumbnail for: The late Neogene Sahabi rivers of the Sahara and t...
Second thumbnail for: The late Neogene Sahabi rivers of the Sahara and t...
Third thumbnail for: The late Neogene Sahabi rivers of the Sahara and t...
Journal Article
Published: 01 September 1993
Jour. Geol. Soc. India (1993) 42 (3): 281–288.
.... Talwara; H. Kalinjra; 9. Parsola-Amhav; 10. Chari-Manpura; 1 1 . I k d a w a l ; 12. Salumbar; 13. Anjcni; 14. Pipalkhunt. prcscnt a1 thc: cslrcmc wcslcl-n cnci ol' ltlc Maximum 11;lkr: size notcd is 4 m m by 2mm. studied lrrcii (1:ig. 1). 'Il~cassocialcd rnincriiis :irc gocthitc, limonilc, 'L'hc...
Journal Article
Published: 01 March 2008
Journal of the Geological Society (2008) 165 (2): 549–562.
.... , Haileab , B. & McDougall , I. 2006 . Sequence of tuffs between the KBS Tuff and the Chari Tuff in the Turkana Basin, Kenya and Ethiopia . Journal of the Geological Society, London , 163 , 185 – 204 . Butzer , K.W. , 1971 . The Lower Omo Basin: Geology, fauna and hominids...
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First thumbnail for: Geochronology of the pre-KBS <span class="search-h...
Second thumbnail for: Geochronology of the pre-KBS <span class="search-h...
Third thumbnail for: Geochronology of the pre-KBS <span class="search-h...
Journal Article
Published: 01 January 2013
Journal of Paleontology (2013) 87 (1): 84–90.
... Formation. The chronostratigraphic framework of the Koobi Fora Formation is based on more than 130 tuffs that are isochronous markers and in some cases suitable for isotopic dating. The formation is subdivided into eight members with major tuff layers acting as separating geologic units. The Burgi Member...
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First thumbnail for: Shell and Operculum Taphonomy of the Bithyniid Gas...
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