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Carroll Glacier

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Journal Article
Journal: GSA Bulletin
Published: 01 October 1990
GSA Bulletin (1990) 102 (10): 1393–1403.
...NORMAN D. SMITH Abstract In June 1987, Carroll Glacier (Glacier Bay, southeast Alaska) began to surge southeastward toward Wachusett Inlet. Between 9 June and 1 July 1987, the terminus advanced with a mean velocity of 29 m/day, slowing afterward but attaining a net displacement of >1 km by July...
Journal Article
Published: 01 January 1992
Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (1992) 29 (1): 93–101.
...Andrew C. Phillips; Norman D. Smith Abstract Large submarine channels lead away from the coarse-grained fjord-head delta in Queen Inlet, Glacier Bay, Alaska. Coarse sediment loads from Carroll Glacier are transported down the delta foreslope and through the submarine channels, and finer material...
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A pair of north-looking photographs, both taken from the same location on Triangle Island, Queen Inlet, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska, showing the changes that have occurred to Carroll Glacier and upper Queen Inlet during the 97 years between August 1906 and 7 September 2003. The 1906 photograph, by USGS Geologist Charles Will Wright, shows the calving terminus of Carroll Glacier sitting at the head of Queen Inlet (USGS Photo Library Photograph-Wright 333). No vegetation is visible. The 2003 photograph by the author shows that the terminus of Carroll Glacier had changed to a stagnant, debris-covered glacier that had significantly thinned and retreated from its 1906 position. The head of Queen Inlet has been filled by sediment. An examination of early twentieth century nautical charts suggests that the sediment fill exceeds 400 feet. Note the developing vegetation on the island.
Published: 01 October 2017
Figure 6. A pair of north-looking photographs, both taken from the same location on Triangle Island, Queen Inlet, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska, showing the changes that have occurred to Carroll Glacier and upper Queen Inlet during the 97 years between August 1906 and 7 September
Journal Article
Published: 01 August 1969
Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (1969) 6 (4): 831–839.
...William O. Field Abstract Nine glaciers in Glacier Bay, in southeastern Alaska, and three others within a radius of 60 km have been known to surge in the last 60 years. Of these, seven have surged during the 1960's. The surges of three of them, the Tyeen, Rendu, and Carroll, are discussed...
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Major cation and dissolved Si concentrations in meltwaters from 9 Alaskan glaciers (modified from Slatt,1972). Figures in those days were drawn by hand, and labelling was not always as bold as brass. The Y axis is the concentration in units of ppm. The first three samples on the left come from Worthington Glacier (sampled in 1968 and 1969), the next is from Matanuska Glacier (1969), followed by three from Castner Glacier (1968 and 1969), followed by one each from Fels, Gulkana, College, Rendu, Carroll and Norris Glaciers (1969). Note that Ca2+ is always the dominant cation in all samples analysed (lowest white space on column), usually folled by Mg2+ (diagonal stripes sloping down from the left), and that Na+ (vertical lines), K+ (black) and Si (diagonal stripes sloping up from the left) are present in relatively low concentrations.
Published: 01 October 2017
come from Worthington Glacier (sampled in 1968 and 1969), the next is from Matanuska Glacier (1969), followed by three from Castner Glacier (1968 and 1969), followed by one each from Fels, Gulkana, College, Rendu, Carroll and Norris Glaciers (1969). Note that Ca 2+ is always the dominant cation in all
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Graphic showing the extent of glacier ice in Glacier Bay at six time-periods, ranging from before the 1794 visit of Vancouver to after ANILCA legislation created Glacier Bay National Park in 1980. The area mapped is approximately 100 kilometers from north to south. The terminus positions are based on dendrochronology, historic observations, and remotely sensed airborne and satellite data. The dates are: 1750, 1850, 1890, 1937, 1964, and 1985. The differences in terminus positions show the timing of the nearly 100 kilometers of glacier retreat that exposed East and West Arms. In 1750, a single glacier, at its Little Ice Age maximum position, completely filled Glacier Bay. One hundred years later in 1850, the glacier had retreated more than 40 kilometers. Forty years later, in 1890, the catastrophic retreat of the glacier in West Arm opened Johns Hopkins, Tarr, Rendu, Carroll, and Tidal Inlets and exposed hundreds of square kilometers of new seabed. Forty-seven years later in 1937, retreat had continued in West Arm, while in East Arm, the retreat of Muir Glacier has opened more than 25 kilometers of Muir Inlet. Twenty-eight years later in 1965, retreat continued in much of West Arm, although both Johns Hopkins and Grand Pacific Glaciers had begun to readvance. In East Arm, the retreat of Muir Glacier had opened Adams and Wachusett Inlets. By 1984, most of the larger glaciers had retreated beyond the limits of the map. In East Arm, Wachusett Inlet had nearly doubled in length. Basic graphic prepared by Ron Karpilo, US National Park Service and modified by the author.
Published: 01 October 2017
. In 1750, a single glacier, at its Little Ice Age maximum position, completely filled Glacier Bay. One hundred years later in 1850, the glacier had retreated more than 40 kilometers. Forty years later, in 1890, the catastrophic retreat of the glacier in West Arm opened Johns Hopkins, Tarr, Rendu, Carroll
Journal Article
Published: 01 October 2017
Earth Sciences History (2017) 36 (2): 359–384.
...Figure 6. A pair of north-looking photographs, both taken from the same location on Triangle Island, Queen Inlet, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska, showing the changes that have occurred to Carroll Glacier and upper Queen Inlet during the 97 years between August 1906 and 7 September...
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Journal Article
Published: 01 October 2017
Geochemical Perspectives (2017) 6 (2): 184–190.
... come from Worthington Glacier (sampled in 1968 and 1969), the next is from Matanuska Glacier (1969), followed by three from Castner Glacier (1968 and 1969), followed by one each from Fels, Gulkana, College, Rendu, Carroll and Norris Glaciers (1969). Note that Ca 2+ is always the dominant cation in all...
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Journal Article
Published: 01 May 2013
Environmental & Engineering Geoscience (2013) 19 (2): 99–114.
...-sized materials that accumulated at the front of a glacier and were deposited as lateral and end moraines after the glacier began to retreat. The type of glacial till encountered in Durango where material was deposited as the glacier melted away is called “ablation till” ( Embleton and King, 1975...
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Journal Article
Journal: GSA Bulletin
Published: 31 December 1933
GSA Bulletin (1933) 44 (6): 1135–1142.
...CARROLL LANE FENTON; MILDRED ADAMS FENTON Abstract Introduction PROTEROZOIC BIOHERMS AND BIOSTROMES In a discussion of Belt formations and fossils in Glacier National Park, Montana, the writers described and illustrated 2 thick, compact beds formed by the supposed alga, Collenia. Similar deposits...
Journal Article
Journal: Geology
Published: 01 May 2010
Geology (2010) 38 (5): 423–426.
.... Shaded relief map of Tuolumne River basin in Yosemite National Park (NP) showing maximum glacier extent during Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) conditions (modified from Alpha et al., 1987 ) and the spatial pattern of 10 Be ages on glacial polish along a 94-km-long transect down the Tuolumne Valley. Inset...
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Journal Article
Journal: GSA Bulletin
Published: 01 December 1937
GSA Bulletin (1937) 48 (12): 1873–1970.
...CARROLL LANE FENTON; MILDRED ADAMS FENTON Abstract INTRODUCTION The writers' study of the Belt series began in 1927 and was continued in 1928 and 1932. Field work was virtually completed in 1934, when a grant from the Geological Society of America financed twelve weeks in Glacier and Waterton Lakes...
Journal Article
Journal: GSA Bulletin
Published: 01 November 2001
GSA Bulletin (2001) 113 (11): 1401–1408.
.... Many studies have found that rates of chemical weathering are directly correlated to temperature ( Drever and Zobrist, 1992 ; Velbel, 1993 ; Brady and Carroll, 1994 ) and precipitation, or runoff ( Dunne, 1978 ; White and Blum, 1995 ). Although this may be an overriding factor in most...
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Journal Article
Published: 22 April 2025
Journal of Foraminiferal Research (2025) 55 (2): 144–159.
... to the sediments impacted by modern climate change processes. Among the recent changes is Atlantification, the progressive inflow of Atlantic Water (AW) into the Arctic. This process causes an increase in water temperature and salinity, along with glacier retreat, the collapse of sedimentation seasonality...
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Journal Article
Journal: Geology
Published: 30 August 2021
Geology (2021) 49 (12): 1521–1526.
... an extensive ice sheet (1.7 km thick) covering the region, followed by a waning phase characterized by 100-m-thick, topographically constrained outlet glaciers that shrank, leading to glacial demise. Our findings demonstrate that both a large ice sheet and highland glaciers existed over northwestern Namibia...
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Journal Article
Journal: GSA Bulletin
Published: 01 December 2002
GSA Bulletin (2002) 114 (12): 1480–1504.
... to glacial outwash processes from Pleistocene and Holocene alpine and piedmont glaciers of the Alaska Range (e.g., Wahrhaftig, 1958 ; Foster et al., 1994 ). The Holocene Tanana basin is an alluvial and swampy lowland of ∼22,000 km 2 located north of the Alaska Range and south of the Yukon-Tanana Uplands...
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Journal Article
Journal: GSA Bulletin
Published: 01 January 2011
GSA Bulletin (2011) 123 (1-2): 150–157.
...), in an extensional setting; Death Valley, California (148 m), in a strike-slip setting; and Qinghai Lake, north-central China (28 m), in a compressional setting. Such basins may be dry or contain lakes, depending on water supply ( Carroll and Bohacs, 1999 ). In all cases, closed basin formation occurs where rates...
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Journal Article
Journal: GSA Bulletin
Published: 24 February 2023
GSA Bulletin (2023) 135 (11-12): 2868–2879.
... known, subglacial basin on Earth, the Aurora Subglacial Basin. It is part of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet and drains to the Sabrina Coast via the Totten Glacier, the third largest drainage system in East Antarctica. Our refined, comprehensive seismic stratigraphic analysis of a large multichannel...
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Journal Article
Journal: GSA Bulletin
Published: 05 September 2023
GSA Bulletin (2024) 136 (5-6): 1787–1807.
...Ethan C. Parrish; Alan R. Carroll; Holly Gregorich; M. Elliot Smith; Colby Schwaderer Abstract Weathering, erosion, and sediment transport in modern landscapes may be investigated via direct observation of attributes such as elevation, relief, bedrock lithology, climate, drainage organization...
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Journal Article
Journal: Geology
Published: 15 February 2018
Geology (2018) 46 (4): 355–358.
... changes in climate that control water and sediment supply to each basin’s termini (cf. Carroll and Bohacs, 1999 ). Lacustrine deposits and paleo-shorelines found throughout the terminally draining (closed) basins of the western USA ( Mifflin and Wheat, 1979 ; Reheis et al., 2014 ; Pound et al., 2014...
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