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NARROW
Format
Article Type
Journal
Publisher
Section
GeoRef Subject
-
all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
-
Africa
-
Afar (1)
-
Cape Verde Islands (1)
-
Central Africa
-
Angola (5)
-
Congo
-
Brazzaville Congo (1)
-
-
Congo Democratic Republic
-
Shaba Congo Democratic Republic (1)
-
-
Congo River (1)
-
West Congo Belt (1)
-
-
Congo Basin (1)
-
Congo Craton (9)
-
East Africa
-
Ethiopia (1)
-
Kenya
-
Mount Kenya (2)
-
-
Mozambique (9)
-
Somali Republic (1)
-
Tanzania
-
Oldoinyo Lengai (2)
-
-
Zambia
-
Lusaka Zambia (1)
-
-
-
East African Lakes
-
Lake Kariba (2)
-
-
East African Rift (7)
-
Gregory Rift (1)
-
Kalahari Desert (13)
-
Limpopo Basin (4)
-
Limpopo Belt (13)
-
Madagascar
-
Mahajanga Basin (1)
-
-
Mozambique Belt (1)
-
Namib Desert (1)
-
North Africa
-
Atlas Mountains
-
Moroccan Atlas Mountains
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Anti-Atlas (2)
-
High Atlas (1)
-
-
-
Egypt
-
Eastern Desert (1)
-
-
Morocco
-
Bou Azzer (1)
-
Moroccan Atlas Mountains
-
Anti-Atlas (2)
-
High Atlas (1)
-
-
-
-
Southern Africa
-
Barberton greenstone belt (13)
-
Botswana
-
Okavango Delta (1)
-
-
Gariep Belt (7)
-
Kaapvaal Craton (78)
-
Kalahari Craton (17)
-
Karoo Basin (131)
-
Lesotho (7)
-
Namaqualand (9)
-
Namaqualand metamorphic complex (10)
-
Namibia
-
Damara Belt (5)
-
Kaoko Belt (6)
-
Luderitz Namibia (2)
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Otavi Namibia (2)
-
Tsumeb Namibia (2)
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Windhoek Namibia (1)
-
-
Orange River (6)
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South Africa
-
Bushveld Complex (32)
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Cape fold belt (40)
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Cape Province region (11)
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Eastern Cape Province South Africa
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Cape Town South Africa (4)
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Free State South Africa
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Vredefort Dome (6)
-
-
Gauteng South Africa
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Johannesburg South Africa (4)
-
-
Klerksdorp Field (1)
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KwaZulu-Natal South Africa
-
Durban South Africa (5)
-
-
Limpopo South Africa (7)
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Merensky Reef (3)
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Mpumalanga South Africa
-
Barberton South Africa (2)
-
-
Northern Cape Province South Africa
-
Kimberley South Africa (5)
-
-
North-West Province South Africa
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Ventersdorp South Africa (4)
-
-
Sutherland South Africa (4)
-
Transvaal region (9)
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Vaal River (5)
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Western Cape Province South Africa (25)
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Witwatersrand (18)
-
-
Swaziland (3)
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Zimbabwe
-
Great Dyke (1)
-
-
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West Africa
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Ghana (2)
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Ivory Coast (1)
-
-
West African Craton (2)
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Zambezi Valley (4)
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Zimbabwe Craton (8)
-
-
Alpine Fault (1)
-
Antarctica
-
Amundsen Sea (2)
-
Antarctic ice sheet
-
East Antarctic ice sheet (1)
-
-
Antarctic Peninsula (1)
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Coats Land (1)
-
East Antarctica (11)
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Ellsworth Land
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Ellsworth Mountains (5)
-
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Enderby Land (1)
-
James Ross Island (1)
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Larsemann Hills (1)
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Marie Byrd Land (4)
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Queen Maud Land (4)
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Ross Ice Shelf (1)
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Ross Island (3)
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South Shetland Islands
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Deception Island (1)
-
-
Transantarctic Mountains
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Beardmore Glacier (2)
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Pensacola Mountains (4)
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Queen Maud Range (2)
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Victoria Land
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McMurdo dry valleys (3)
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Mount Melbourne (1)
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Wilson Terrane (1)
-
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West Antarctica (4)
-
Wilkes Land (1)
-
-
Arctic Ocean
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Beaufort Sea (1)
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Nares Strait (1)
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Norwegian Sea
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Haltenbanken (1)
-
-
-
Arctic region
-
Greenland
-
East Greenland (2)
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Igaliku Complex (1)
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Northern Greenland (3)
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Peary Land (2)
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South Greenland (1)
-
-
Russian Arctic
-
Franz Josef Land (1)
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Novaya Zemlya (1)
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Severnaya Zemlya (1)
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-
Svalbard
-
Spitsbergen
-
Spitsbergen Island (1)
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-
-
-
Asia
-
Altai Mountains (1)
-
Arabian Peninsula
-
Oman
-
Oman Mountains (1)
-
-
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Brahmaputra River (1)
-
Chukotka Russian Federation
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Chukchi Peninsula (1)
-
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Far East
-
Borneo
-
East Malaysia
-
Sabah Malaysia (1)
-
-
Kalimantan Indonesia (1)
-
-
China
-
Anshan China (1)
-
Fujian China (1)
-
Guangdong China (1)
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Guangxi China (2)
-
Hainan China (2)
-
Henan China (1)
-
Kunlun Mountains (1)
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North China Platform (3)
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Qaidam Basin (1)
-
Qinghai China (1)
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Qinling Mountains (1)
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South China Block (1)
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Xinjiang China
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Junggar Basin (1)
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Turpan Basin (1)
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-
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Indochina (2)
-
Indonesia
-
Kalimantan Indonesia (1)
-
-
Japan
-
Hokkaido
-
Hidaka metamorphic belt (1)
-
Hidaka Mountains (1)
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Honshu
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Kii Peninsula (1)
-
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Kyushu
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Kagoshima Japan (1)
-
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Mie Japan (2)
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Shikoku (1)
-
-
Korea
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South Korea
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Kyongsang Basin (1)
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-
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Malaysia
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East Malaysia
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Sabah Malaysia (1)
-
-
-
Mongolia (1)
-
Thailand (1)
-
Vietnam (1)
-
-
Himalayas
-
Zanskar Range (1)
-
-
Indian Peninsula
-
India
-
Andhra Pradesh India (1)
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Bastar Craton (1)
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Bihar India (1)
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Cauvery Basin (1)
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Chhattisgarh India (1)
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Damodar Valley (1)
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Dharwar Craton (2)
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Goa India (1)
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Gujarat India
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Amba Dongar (1)
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Kutch India (1)
-
-
Haryana India (1)
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Himachal Pradesh India
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Spiti (1)
-
-
Jharkhand India
-
Jharia coal field (1)
-
-
Kolar schist belt (1)
-
Madhya Pradesh India (1)
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Northeastern India
-
Arunachal Pradesh India (1)
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Assam India (2)
-
-
Pranhita-Godavari Valley (1)
-
Punjab India (1)
-
Rajasthan India
-
Udaipur India (1)
-
-
Shillong Plateau (1)
-
Son Valley (2)
-
Tamil Nadu India (1)
-
Uttar Pradesh India
-
Sonbhadra India (1)
-
-
West Bengal India (1)
-
-
Indian Shield (1)
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Indo-Gangetic Plain (1)
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Jammu and Kashmir
-
Ladakh (1)
-
-
Thar Desert (1)
-
-
Indus-Yarlung Zangbo suture zone (2)
-
Irkutsk Basin (1)
-
Irkutsk Russian Federation (1)
-
Khakasiya Russian Federation (1)
-
Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation
-
Severnaya Zemlya (1)
-
Taymyr Dolgan-Nenets Russian Federation
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Taymyr Peninsula (2)
-
-
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Middle East
-
Iran
-
Elburz (1)
-
-
Israel
-
Makhtesh Ramon (1)
-
-
Zagros (1)
-
-
Siberia (5)
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Siberian Platform
-
Aldan Shield (1)
-
Anabar Shield (1)
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Yenisei Ridge (2)
-
-
Transbaikalia (1)
-
Vindhyan Basin (1)
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West Siberia
-
Severnaya Zemlya (1)
-
-
Yakutia Russian Federation
-
Anabar Shield (1)
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Kular Range (1)
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-
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Atlantic Ocean
-
North Atlantic
-
Bay of Fundy (1)
-
Blake Plateau
-
Blake Nose (1)
-
-
Faeroe-Shetland Basin (2)
-
Gulf of Saint Lawrence (1)
-
Mazagan Plateau (1)
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North Sea (2)
-
Northwest Atlantic (1)
-
Scotian Shelf (1)
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Scotian Slope (1)
-
-
South Atlantic
-
Cape Basin (4)
-
Falkland Plateau (1)
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Walvis Ridge (1)
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-
-
Atlantic Ocean Islands
-
Cape Verde Islands (1)
-
Falkland Islands (7)
-
Shetland Islands (1)
-
-
Atlantic region (3)
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
Adelaide Geosyncline (1)
-
Arunta Inlier (1)
-
Lachlan fold belt (2)
-
Musgrave Block (3)
-
Musgrave Ranges (1)
-
New South Wales Australia (2)
-
Northern Territory Australia (1)
-
Queensland Australia
-
Cannington Deposit (1)
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Cape York Peninsula (1)
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Mount Isa Inlier (1)
-
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South Australia
-
Flinders Ranges (1)
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Gawler Craton (1)
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Olympic Dam Deposit (1)
-
-
Tamworth Belt (1)
-
Tasmania Australia
-
Burnie Australia (1)
-
Hobart Australia (1)
-
-
Victoria Australia
-
Ballarat Australia (1)
-
Ballarat gold field (1)
-
Bendigo Australia (1)
-
Bendigo gold field (1)
-
-
Western Australia
-
Hamersley Basin (1)
-
Hamersley Province (1)
-
Kambalda Australia (1)
-
Pilbara (1)
-
Pilbara Craton (5)
-
Yilgarn Craton (3)
-
-
-
New Zealand
-
Bay of Plenty (1)
-
Coromandel Peninsula (1)
-
Lake Taupo (1)
-
Northland New Zealand (2)
-
Otago Schist (3)
-
Southland New Zealand (1)
-
Torlesse Terrane (6)
-
Waipaoa River (1)
-
-
Papua New Guinea (1)
-
Tasman orogenic zone (1)
-
-
Avalon Zone (8)
-
Baffin Bay (2)
-
Banks Island (1)
-
Bear Island (1)
-
Beaufort-Mackenzie Basin (1)
-
Bell Island (1)
-
Blue Mountains (2)
-
Bow River valley (1)
-
Broken Hill Mine (1)
-
Broken Ridge (1)
-
Caledonides (16)
-
Canada
-
Arctic Archipelago (4)
-
Eastern Canada
-
Baffin Island (2)
-
Gander Zone (6)
-
James Bay Lowlands (1)
-
Lake Timiskaming (1)
-
Maritime Provinces
-
New Brunswick
-
Gloucester County New Brunswick
-
Bathurst mining district (1)
-
-
-
Nova Scotia
-
Antigonish County Nova Scotia (2)
-
Cape Breton Island (9)
-
Cobequid Highlands (2)
-
Pictou County Nova Scotia (1)
-
Sable Island (1)
-
Yarmouth County Nova Scotia
-
Yarmouth Nova Scotia (2)
-
-
-
-
Matachewan dike swarm (1)
-
Meguma Terrane (22)
-
Newfoundland and Labrador
-
Labrador
-
Voisey's Bay Deposit (1)
-
-
Newfoundland
-
Avalon Peninsula (6)
-
Baie Verte Peninsula (5)
-
Betts Cove (1)
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Burlington Peninsula (2)
-
Humber Arm Allochthon (1)
-
Port au Port Peninsula (2)
-
-
-
Ontario
-
Algoma District Ontario
-
Elliot Lake Ontario (1)
-
Wawa Ontario (1)
-
-
Flack Lake (1)
-
Sudbury District Ontario (1)
-
Sudbury igneous complex (4)
-
Sudbury Ontario (1)
-
Thunder Bay District Ontario
-
Thunder Bay Ontario (1)
-
-
-
Quebec
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Gaspe Peninsula (3)
-
-
-
Elzevir Terrane (1)
-
Labrador Trough (4)
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Mackenzie Mountains (2)
-
North Saskatchewan River (1)
-
Nunavut
-
Baffin Island (2)
-
Ellesmere Island (5)
-
Sverdrup Basin (2)
-
Sverdrup Islands
-
Axel Heiberg Island (1)
-
-
-
Queen Elizabeth Islands
-
Ellesmere Island (5)
-
Sverdrup Basin (2)
-
Sverdrup Islands
-
Axel Heiberg Island (1)
-
-
-
Ungava (2)
-
Western Canada
-
Alberta
-
Alberta Basin (1)
-
Banff National Park (1)
-
-
Athabasca Basin (1)
-
British Columbia
-
Kimberley British Columbia (1)
-
-
Canadian Cordillera (6)
-
Canadian Rocky Mountains (2)
-
Contwoyto Lake (1)
-
Manitoba
-
Flin Flon Manitoba (1)
-
Lynn Lake Manitoba (1)
-
Snow Lake Manitoba (1)
-
-
Northwest Territories
-
Great Bear Lake (2)
-
Lac de Gras (1)
-
-
Saskatchewan (2)
-
Selwyn Basin (1)
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Yukon Territory (5)
-
-
-
Canterbury Basin (1)
-
Caribbean region
-
West Indies
-
Antilles
-
Greater Antilles
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Jamaica (1)
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-
-
-
-
Colorado River (1)
-
Commonwealth of Independent States
-
Russian Federation
-
Arkhangelsk Russian Federation
-
Franz Josef Land (1)
-
Novaya Zemlya (1)
-
-
Chelyabinsk Russian Federation
-
Ilmen Mountains (1)
-
-
Chukotka Russian Federation
-
Chukchi Peninsula (1)
-
-
Irkutsk Basin (1)
-
Irkutsk Russian Federation (1)
-
Khakasiya Russian Federation (1)
-
Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation
-
Severnaya Zemlya (1)
-
Taymyr Dolgan-Nenets Russian Federation
-
Taymyr Peninsula (2)
-
-
-
Murmansk Russian Federation
-
Khibiny Mountains (1)
-
Kola Peninsula (2)
-
-
Russian Arctic
-
Franz Josef Land (1)
-
Novaya Zemlya (1)
-
Severnaya Zemlya (1)
-
-
Siberian Platform
-
Aldan Shield (1)
-
Anabar Shield (1)
-
Yenisei Ridge (2)
-
-
Timan Ridge (1)
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Transbaikalia (1)
-
Yakutia Russian Federation
-
Anabar Shield (1)
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Kular Range (1)
-
-
-
Timan Ridge (1)
-
Ukraine
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Podolia (1)
-
-
Urals
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Novaya Zemlya (1)
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Southern Urals
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Ilmen Mountains (1)
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-
-
West Siberia
-
Severnaya Zemlya (1)
-
-
-
Copperbelt (2)
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Cumberland Basin (1)
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Death Valley (2)
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Dunnage Zone (4)
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East Coast Basin (2)
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Europe
-
Alps
-
French Alps (1)
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Western Alps (1)
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-
Arkhangelsk Russian Federation
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Franz Josef Land (1)
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Novaya Zemlya (1)
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-
Baltic region
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Estonia
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Tallinn Estonia (1)
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-
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Central Europe
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Austria (1)
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Germany
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Bavaria Germany
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Kelheim Germany (1)
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Regensburg Germany (1)
-
-
Eifel (1)
-
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Hungary (1)
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Slovakia (1)
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-
Fennoscandian Shield (4)
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Murmansk Russian Federation
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Khibiny Mountains (1)
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Kola Peninsula (2)
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-
Rhenish Schiefergebirge
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Eifel (1)
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-
Southern Europe
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Greece
-
Greek Aegean Islands
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Cyclades (1)
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-
-
Iberian Peninsula
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Portugal
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Aveiro Portugal (1)
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Spain (1)
-
-
Italy
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Piemonte Italy (1)
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-
-
Timan Ridge (1)
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Ukraine
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Podolia (1)
-
-
Variscides (1)
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Western Europe
-
France
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Brittany (2)
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French Alps (1)
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Vocontian Trough (1)
-
-
Ireland
-
Donegal Ireland
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Ardara Pluton (1)
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-
Galway Ireland
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Connemara (1)
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-
Mayo Ireland (2)
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-
Scandinavia
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Norway
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Finnmark Norway (3)
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Oslo Norway (1)
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Soroy (1)
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Sor-Trondelag Norway
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Trondheim Norway (1)
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Southern Norway (1)
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Sweden
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Skellefte mining district (1)
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-
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United Kingdom
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English Channel Islands
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Jersey (1)
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-
Great Britain
-
England
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Cornubian Batholith (1)
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Derbyshire England (1)
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Shropshire England (3)
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Warwickshire England (1)
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Welsh Borderland (1)
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-
Scotland
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Argyllshire Scotland (2)
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Ayrshire Scotland (1)
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Firth of Clyde (1)
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Great Glen Fault (3)
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Hebrides
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Outer Hebrides (1)
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Highland region Scotland
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Caithness Scotland (2)
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Sutherland Scotland (2)
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-
Moine thrust zone (7)
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Scottish Highlands
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Scottish Northern Highlands (1)
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-
Shetland Islands (1)
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-
Wales
-
Anglesey Wales (1)
-
Gwynedd Wales
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Harlech Dome (2)
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Pembrokeshire Wales (1)
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South Wales (2)
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Welsh Basin (2)
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-
-
Isle of Man (1)
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Northern Ireland (1)
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-
-
-
False Bay (1)
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Flinders Island (1)
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Grand Banks (1)
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Grand Canyon (2)
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Guadalupe Mountains (1)
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Highland Boundary Fault (1)
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Hikurangi Margin (1)
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Indian Ocean
-
Agulhas Bank (1)
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Arabian Sea (1)
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Exmouth Plateau (1)
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-
Indian Ocean Islands
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Madagascar
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Mahajanga Basin (1)
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-
Mauritius (1)
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Seychelles (1)
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-
International Ocean Discovery Program (1)
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Kerguelen Plateau (1)
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Khatanga River (1)
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Lake District (1)
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Lake Louise (1)
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Malay Archipelago
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Borneo
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East Malaysia
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Sabah Malaysia (1)
-
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Kalimantan Indonesia (1)
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-
-
Marathon Basin (1)
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Maritimes Basin (3)
-
McArthur Basin (1)
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Mediterranean region
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Aegean Islands
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Greek Aegean Islands
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Cyclades (1)
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-
-
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Mexico
-
Baja California Mexico (1)
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-
Midland Valley (1)
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Midlands (3)
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Mount Erebus (3)
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Murray Basin (1)
-
North America
-
Appalachians
-
Blue Ridge Mountains (1)
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Blue Ridge Province (1)
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Northern Appalachians (20)
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Southern Appalachians (3)
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-
Belt Basin (1)
-
Canadian Shield
-
Churchill Province
-
Cape Smith fold belt (1)
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Hearne Province (3)
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Rae Province (3)
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-
Flin Flon Belt (1)
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Grenville Province (5)
-
Slave Province (4)
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Southern Province (2)
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Superior Province
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Abitibi Belt (2)
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-
-
Gulf Coastal Plain (1)
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Humber Zone (6)
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Keweenawan Rift (1)
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Lake Superior region (2)
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North American Cordillera
-
Canadian Cordillera (6)
-
-
Rocky Mountains
-
Canadian Rocky Mountains (2)
-
-
Saint Lawrence Valley (1)
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Pacific region
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Para Brazil
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Os-188/Os-187 (6)
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large-ion lithophile elements (1)
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rubidium
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calcium
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Mg/Ca (1)
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magnesium
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strontium
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Rb-87/Sr-86 (4)
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (43)
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aluminum (2)
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hafnium
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Hf-177/Hf-176 (15)
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iron
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lead
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (12)
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Pb-207/Pb-204 (8)
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manganese (8)
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osmium
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Os-188/Os-187 (6)
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Re-187/Os-188 (3)
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palladium (2)
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Nd-144/Nd-143 (24)
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samarium
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Sm-147/Nd-144 (9)
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yttrium (4)
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rhenium
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Re-187/Os-188 (3)
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nitrogen
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noble gases
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Ar-40/Ar-39 (2)
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helium
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neon
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Ne-21 (1)
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oxygen
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O-17/O-16 (1)
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O-18/O-16 (47)
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selenium (1)
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S-34/S-32 (19)
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Chordata
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Tetrapoda
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Labyrinthodontia
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Mammalia
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Primates
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Proboscidea
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Reptilia
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Thecodontia
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Synapsida
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Therapsida
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Cynodontia (5)
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Lystrosaurus (12)
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-
-
-
-
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-
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coprolites (1)
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eukaryotes (2)
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Graptolithina
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Invertebrata
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Arthropoda
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Ostracoda
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Podocopida (1)
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Insecta (5)
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Trilobitomorpha
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-
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Brachiopoda (8)
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Cnidaria
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Conulariida (1)
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-
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Echinodermata
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Asterozoa
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Stelleroidea
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Homalozoa
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Mollusca
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Cephalopoda
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Porifera
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Protista
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Foraminifera
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Rotaliina
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Textulariina (1)
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Vermes
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Plantae
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Filicopsida
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Spermatophyta
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Coniferales (2)
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Cycadales (1)
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Glossopteridales
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Glossopteris
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Glossopteris flora (2)
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-
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problematic fossils
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problematic microfossils (1)
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prokaryotes (1)
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tracks (8)
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trails (2)
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geochronology methods
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(U-Th)/He (8)
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Ar/Ar (40)
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infrared stimulated luminescence (1)
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K/Ar (7)
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Lu/Hf (12)
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Nd/Nd (1)
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paleomagnetism (35)
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Pb/Pb (20)
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radiation damage (2)
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Rb/Sr (19)
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geologic age
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Anthropocene (1)
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Quaternary
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Pleistocene
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Matuyama Chron (1)
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middle Pleistocene (2)
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upper Pleistocene
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Devensian (1)
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Loch Lomond Stade (1)
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upper Weichselian
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Allerod (1)
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Bolling (1)
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Younger Dryas (2)
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-
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-
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upper Quaternary
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Brunhes Chron (1)
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Sirius Group (1)
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Stone Age
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Paleolithic
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Tertiary
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lower Tertiary (2)
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middle Tertiary (2)
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Neogene
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Miocene
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Calvert Formation (1)
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middle Miocene
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Choptank Formation (1)
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Saint Marys Formation (1)
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upper Miocene
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Eastover Formation (1)
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-
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Pliocene
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lower Pliocene
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Zanclean (1)
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-
-
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Paleogene
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Barail Group (1)
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Eocene
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Green River Formation (1)
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lower Eocene (1)
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upper Eocene (2)
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Oligocene
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Frio Formation (1)
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lower Oligocene (2)
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upper Oligocene (1)
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Paleocene
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lower Paleocene
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Danian (1)
-
-
-
-
-
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Dalradian (5)
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Mesozoic
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Cretaceous
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Lower Cretaceous
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Albian
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lower Albian (1)
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Aptian (3)
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Cedar Mountain Formation (1)
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Mannville Group (1)
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Torok Formation (1)
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Middle Cretaceous (6)
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Nanushuk Group (1)
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Upper Cretaceous
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Campanian (1)
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Cardium Formation (1)
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Cenomanian (1)
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Maestrichtian (2)
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Senonian (1)
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Turonian
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upper Turonian (1)
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Yacoraite Formation (1)
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Jurassic
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Clarens Formation (10)
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Ferrar Group (2)
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Kirkpatrick Basalt (1)
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Lower Jurassic
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Hettangian (1)
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Pliensbachian (4)
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Toarcian (4)
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Middle Jurassic
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Aalenian (2)
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Upper Jurassic
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Smackover Formation (1)
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Tithonian (1)
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lower Mesozoic (1)
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Murihiku Supergroup (1)
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Triassic
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Lower Triassic
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Olenekian (2)
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Permian-Triassic boundary (14)
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Middle Triassic
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Anisian (3)
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Ladinian (1)
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Upper Triassic
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Carnian
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Ischigualasto Formation (1)
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Molteno Formation (5)
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Norian (1)
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Rhaetian (1)
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Stormberg Series (6)
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-
-
upper Mesozoic (2)
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MIS 2 (1)
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MIS 3 (1)
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MIS 5 (1)
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MIS 6 (1)
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Paleozoic
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Acatlan Complex (1)
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Cambrian
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Acadian (1)
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Lower Cambrian
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Chilhowee Group (1)
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Gog Group (1)
-
Murphy Marble (1)
-
Terreneuvian (1)
-
Tommotian (1)
-
-
Middle Cambrian (6)
-
Upper Cambrian
-
Furongian (1)
-
Goldenville Formation (4)
-
-
-
Cape Elizabeth Formation (2)
-
Carboniferous
-
Albert Formation (1)
-
Chilliwack Group (1)
-
Lower Carboniferous
-
Dinantian (3)
-
-
Mabou Group (3)
-
Middle Carboniferous (1)
-
Mississippian
-
Lower Mississippian
-
Tournaisian (1)
-
-
Upper Mississippian
-
Serpukhovian (1)
-
-
Windsor Group (1)
-
-
Namurian (2)
-
Pennsylvanian
-
Cumberland Group (1)
-
Middle Pennsylvanian
-
Allegheny Group (1)
-
-
Morien Group (1)
-
-
Upper Carboniferous (14)
-
-
Casco Bay Group (3)
-
Cow Head Group (1)
-
Devonian
-
Fisset Brook Formation (1)
-
Heemskirk Granite (2)
-
Levis Shale (1)
-
Lower Devonian
-
Emsian (2)
-
Lochkovian (1)
-
-
Middle Devonian
-
Eifelian (3)
-
Givetian (2)
-
-
Muth Quartzite (1)
-
Old Red Sandstone (5)
-
Upper Devonian
-
Famennian (1)
-
-
-
Horton Group (6)
-
Itarare Subgroup (1)
-
lower Paleozoic (27)
-
Matapedia Group (1)
-
middle Paleozoic (2)
-
Ordovician
-
Lower Ordovician
-
Arenigian (3)
-
Manx Group (1)
-
Tremadocian
-
Halifax Formation (4)
-
-
-
Meguma Group (5)
-
Middle Ordovician
-
Dapingian (1)
-
Darriwilian (1)
-
Deicke Bentonite Bed (1)
-
Llanvirnian (1)
-
Millbrig Bentonite Bed (1)
-
-
Tetagouche Group (1)
-
Upper Ordovician
-
Ashgillian (3)
-
Caradocian (1)
-
Hirnantian (4)
-
Katian (1)
-
Sandbian (1)
-
-
-
Permian
-
Ecca Group (39)
-
Guadalupian
-
Capitanian (4)
-
-
Kamthi Formation (1)
-
Lower Permian
-
Cisuralian
-
Asselian (2)
-
Sakmarian (4)
-
-
Wolfcampian
-
Hueco Limestone (1)
-
-
-
Middle Permian (8)
-
Rio Bonito Formation (1)
-
Upper Permian
-
Lopingian
-
Changhsingian (2)
-
-
Permian-Triassic boundary (14)
-
-
Vryheid Formation (4)
-
Whitehill Formation (10)
-
-
Ringerike Sandstone (1)
-
Silurian
-
Lower Silurian
-
Llandovery
-
Rhuddanian (1)
-
-
-
Middle Silurian (1)
-
Upper Silurian (5)
-
-
Talchir Formation (1)
-
upper Paleozoic
-
Dwyka Formation (16)
-
Pictou Group (1)
-
-
-
Phanerozoic (16)
-
Precambrian
-
Animikie Group (1)
-
Archean
-
Aravalli System (2)
-
Bulawayan Group (1)
-
Eoarchean (1)
-
Fig Tree Group (1)
-
Kromberg Formation (1)
-
Mesoarchean (14)
-
Napier Complex (1)
-
Neoarchean
-
Sargur Group (1)
-
-
Paleoarchean
-
Hooggenoeg Formation (2)
-
-
Peninsular Gneiss (1)
-
-
Biwabik Iron Formation (1)
-
Brockman Iron Formation (3)
-
Central Rand Group (5)
-
Cuddapah System (1)
-
Gunflint Iron Formation (1)
-
Hadean (3)
-
Hamersley Group (2)
-
Lewisian Complex (3)
-
Minas Supergroup (1)
-
Nipissing Diabase (1)
-
Noonday Dolomite (1)
-
North Shore Volcanics (1)
-
Onverwacht Group (4)
-
Osler Series (2)
-
Pongola Supergroup (6)
-
Prince Albert Group (1)
-
Purcell System (1)
-
Transvaal Supergroup (32)
-
Unkar Group (1)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Bambui Group (3)
-
Banded Gneissic Complex (1)
-
Damara System (9)
-
Dedham Granodiorite (1)
-
Espinhaco Supergroup (3)
-
Great Oxidation Event (3)
-
Huronian (2)
-
Keweenawan
-
Portage Lake Lava Series (1)
-
-
Lewisian (3)
-
Malmani Subgroup (6)
-
Mesoproterozoic
-
Aldridge Formation (1)
-
Belt Supergroup (1)
-
Calymmian (1)
-
Laxfordian (2)
-
Roper Group (1)
-
Stenian (2)
-
-
Neoproterozoic
-
Brioverian (1)
-
Cryogenian (4)
-
Ediacaran (27)
-
Hadrynian (1)
-
Macaubas Group (1)
-
Marinoan (3)
-
Moine Supergroup (2)
-
Moinian (3)
-
Otavi Group (6)
-
Sturtian (3)
-
Tonian (1)
-
Torridonian (9)
-
Vendian (8)
-
Walden Creek Group (1)
-
-
Oronto Group (1)
-
Paleoproterozoic
-
Birimian (2)
-
Cobalt Group (1)
-
Rooiberg Group (3)
-
Rustenburg Layered Suite (8)
-
Statherian (1)
-
-
Pretoria Group (4)
-
Windermere System (1)
-
-
-
Ventersdorp Supergroup (18)
-
Waterberg System (8)
-
Witwatersrand Supergroup (12)
-
-
Vindhyan (3)
-
-
igneous rocks
-
extrusive rocks (3)
-
igneous rocks
-
carbonatites (8)
-
feldspathoid rocks (2)
-
granophyre (2)
-
kamafugite (1)
-
kimberlite (35)
-
peperite (1)
-
plutonic rocks
-
anorthosite (4)
-
diabase
-
tholeiitic dolerite (1)
-
-
diorites
-
plagiogranite (1)
-
quartz diorites (2)
-
tonalite
-
enderbite (1)
-
-
trondhjemite (5)
-
-
gabbros
-
norite (5)
-
troctolite (1)
-
-
granites
-
adamellite (1)
-
alkali granites (1)
-
aplite (1)
-
A-type granites (7)
-
charnockite (2)
-
granosyenite (1)
-
I-type granites (1)
-
leucogranite (1)
-
monzogranite (4)
-
S-type granites (4)
-
-
granodiorites (6)
-
ijolite (2)
-
lamproite (3)
-
lamprophyres
-
minette (1)
-
-
pegmatite (20)
-
syenites
-
bostonite (1)
-
granosyenite (1)
-
nepheline syenite (2)
-
quartz syenite (1)
-
-
ultramafics
-
chromitite (2)
-
hornblendite (3)
-
peridotites
-
dunite (3)
-
garnet peridotite (1)
-
harzburgite (7)
-
lherzolite (5)
-
-
pyroxenite
-
clinopyroxenite (2)
-
websterite (1)
-
-
-
-
porphyry (3)
-
volcanic rocks
-
andesites
-
boninite (1)
-
-
basalts
-
alkali basalts
-
hawaiite (1)
-
trachybasalts (1)
-
-
flood basalts (11)
-
mid-ocean ridge basalts (9)
-
ocean-island basalts (2)
-
tholeiite (2)
-
tholeiitic basalt (3)
-
trap rocks (1)
-
-
basanite (2)
-
dacites (4)
-
komatiite (15)
-
melilitite (2)
-
nephelinite
-
olivine nephelinite (1)
-
-
phonolites (1)
-
pyroclastics
-
hyaloclastite (2)
-
ignimbrite (6)
-
scoria (1)
-
tuff (8)
-
welded tuff (1)
-
-
rhyodacites (1)
-
rhyolites
-
quartz porphyry (3)
-
-
trachyandesites (1)
-
trachytes (2)
-
-
-
ophiolite (5)
-
pyrolite (1)
-
volcanic ash (4)
-
wehrlite (2)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
K-bentonite (2)
-
metamorphic rocks
-
amphibolites (10)
-
cataclasites (1)
-
eclogite (6)
-
gneisses
-
augen gneiss (1)
-
biotite gneiss (1)
-
granite gneiss (2)
-
orthogneiss (2)
-
paragneiss (2)
-
-
granulites (4)
-
hornfels (1)
-
impactites
-
impact breccia
-
suevite (1)
-
-
-
itabirite (2)
-
marbles (2)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
metabasalt (1)
-
metabasite (2)
-
metagabbro (3)
-
metagranite (2)
-
metarhyolite (1)
-
serpentinite (1)
-
-
metasedimentary rocks
-
metaconglomerate (2)
-
metagraywacke (1)
-
metapelite (4)
-
metasandstone (2)
-
paragneiss (2)
-
-
metasomatic rocks
-
fenite (1)
-
greisen (3)
-
serpentinite (1)
-
skarn (3)
-
-
metavolcanic rocks (18)
-
migmatites (4)
-
mylonites
-
pseudotachylite (2)
-
ultramylonite (1)
-
-
quartzites (12)
-
schists
-
blueschist (3)
-
greenschist (2)
-
greenstone (3)
-
hornblende schist (1)
-
-
-
ophiolite (5)
-
turbidite (16)
-
-
meteorites
-
meteorites
-
stony meteorites
-
achondrites (1)
-
chondrites
-
carbonaceous chondrites (1)
-
ordinary chondrites
-
H chondrites
-
Tieschitz Meteorite (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
minerals
-
alloys
-
carbides
-
cohenite (1)
-
moissanite (1)
-
-
-
amosite (1)
-
arsenates (5)
-
arsenides
-
arsenopyrite (1)
-
sperrylite (2)
-
-
bismuthides
-
michenerite (1)
-
-
carbonates
-
ankerite (2)
-
aragonite (2)
-
azurite (1)
-
calcite (17)
-
dolomite (4)
-
ikaite (1)
-
malachite (1)
-
rhodochrosite (1)
-
siderite (1)
-
vaterite (1)
-
-
copper minerals (1)
-
halides
-
chlorides
-
halite (1)
-
paratacamite (1)
-
pyromorphite (1)
-
-
fluorides
-
fluorite (1)
-
-
zunyite (1)
-
-
K-bentonite (2)
-
manganese minerals (5)
-
minerals (6)
-
native elements
-
carbonado (1)
-
diamond (13)
-
graphite (1)
-
lonsdaleite (1)
-
-
nitrates (1)
-
organic minerals (1)
-
oxides
-
baddeleyite (8)
-
cassiterite (6)
-
chrome spinel (1)
-
chromite (1)
-
corundum (2)
-
cryptomelane (2)
-
diaspore (1)
-
ferrihydrite (2)
-
goethite (3)
-
hematite (10)
-
hibonite (1)
-
hydroxides
-
iron hydroxides (1)
-
oxyhydroxides (4)
-
-
ilmenite (6)
-
iron oxides (7)
-
limonite (1)
-
magnesioferrite (1)
-
magnetite (11)
-
manganese oxides (1)
-
martite (1)
-
niobates
-
columbite (3)
-
pyrochlore (8)
-
tapiolite (1)
-
-
periclase (1)
-
perovskite (1)
-
portlandite (1)
-
pyrolusite (1)
-
rutile (3)
-
sapphire (1)
-
spinel (2)
-
spinel group (1)
-
tantalates
-
microlite (1)
-
stibiotantalite (1)
-
tantalite (2)
-
-
titanium oxides (2)
-
todorokite (2)
-
uraninite (3)
-
-
phosphates
-
apatite (15)
-
britholite (1)
-
fluorapatite (2)
-
graftonite (1)
-
lithiophilite (1)
-
monazite (18)
-
montebrasite (1)
-
pyromorphite (1)
-
xenotime (2)
-
-
platinum minerals (3)
-
selenates (2)
-
silicates
-
aluminosilicates (1)
-
asbestos (1)
-
borosilicates (2)
-
chain silicates
-
aenigmatite group
-
rhonite (1)
-
sapphirine (1)
-
-
amphibole group
-
clinoamphibole
-
actinolite (1)
-
crocidolite (1)
-
cummingtonite (1)
-
grunerite (2)
-
hastingsite (1)
-
hornblende (8)
-
pargasite (1)
-
-
-
prehnite (3)
-
pyroxene group
-
clinopyroxene
-
aegirine (1)
-
hedenbergite (1)
-
omphacite (1)
-
spodumene (3)
-
-
orthopyroxene (1)
-
-
wollastonite group
-
pectolite (1)
-
-
-
framework silicates
-
feldspar group
-
alkali feldspar
-
amazonite (2)
-
K-feldspar (1)
-
microcline (1)
-
-
plagioclase
-
albite (3)
-
anorthite (2)
-
-
-
nepheline group
-
nepheline (2)
-
-
silica minerals
-
quartz (15)
-
-
sodalite group
-
helvite (1)
-
-
zeolite group
-
clinoptilolite (1)
-
heulandite (1)
-
-
-
orthosilicates
-
nesosilicates
-
andalusite (2)
-
braunite (1)
-
britholite group
-
britholite (1)
-
-
datolite group
-
datolite (1)
-
-
dumortierite (1)
-
garnet group
-
majorite (1)
-
-
grandidierite (1)
-
kyanite (3)
-
olivine group
-
forsterite (2)
-
monticellite (1)
-
olivine (5)
-
tephroite (1)
-
-
phenakite group
-
phenakite (1)
-
-
sillimanite (1)
-
titanite group
-
titanite (10)
-
-
zircon group
-
zircon (150)
-
-
-
sorosilicates
-
chevkinite group
-
perrierite (1)
-
-
epidote group
-
allanite (1)
-
epidote (3)
-
zoisite (1)
-
-
lawsonite (1)
-
prismatine (1)
-
pumpellyite group
-
pumpellyite (1)
-
-
zunyite (1)
-
-
-
ring silicates
-
beryl (2)
-
tourmaline group
-
dravite (3)
-
elbaite (1)
-
foitite (1)
-
schorl (4)
-
uvite (1)
-
-
-
sheet silicates
-
chlorite group
-
chamosite (1)
-
chlorite (3)
-
-
clay minerals
-
beidellite (2)
-
kaolinite (3)
-
montmorillonite (1)
-
saponite (1)
-
smectite (7)
-
-
illite (9)
-
mica group
-
biotite (7)
-
fluor-phlogopite (1)
-
fuchsite (1)
-
glauconite (1)
-
muscovite (12)
-
phlogopite (4)
-
polylithionite (1)
-
-
pyrophyllite (1)
-
serpentine group
-
berthierine (1)
-
chrysotile (1)
-
-
stilpnomelane (1)
-
talc (1)
-
-
-
sulfates
-
barite (2)
-
jarosite (1)
-
-
sulfides
-
alabandite (1)
-
arsenopyrite (1)
-
carrollite (1)
-
chalcopyrite (4)
-
cinnabar (1)
-
copper sulfides (1)
-
galena (5)
-
helvite (1)
-
linnaeite (1)
-
millerite (1)
-
molybdenite (3)
-
nickel sulfides (1)
-
pentlandite (1)
-
polydymite (1)
-
pyrite (7)
-
pyrrhotite (3)
-
siegenite (1)
-
sphalerite (4)
-
troilite (1)
-
-
sulfosalts (2)
-
tellurides (2)
-
tungstates
-
scheelite (2)
-
-
vanadates (2)
-
wehrlite (2)
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (263)
-
Africa
-
Afar (1)
-
Cape Verde Islands (1)
-
Central Africa
-
Angola (5)
-
Congo
-
Brazzaville Congo (1)
-
-
Congo Democratic Republic
-
Shaba Congo Democratic Republic (1)
-
-
Congo River (1)
-
West Congo Belt (1)
-
-
Congo Basin (1)
-
Congo Craton (9)
-
East Africa
-
Ethiopia (1)
-
Kenya
-
Mount Kenya (2)
-
-
Mozambique (9)
-
Somali Republic (1)
-
Tanzania
-
Oldoinyo Lengai (2)
-
-
Zambia
-
Lusaka Zambia (1)
-
-
-
East African Lakes
-
Lake Kariba (2)
-
-
East African Rift (7)
-
Gregory Rift (1)
-
Kalahari Desert (13)
-
Limpopo Basin (4)
-
Limpopo Belt (13)
-
Madagascar
-
Mahajanga Basin (1)
-
-
Mozambique Belt (1)
-
Namib Desert (1)
-
North Africa
-
Atlas Mountains
-
Moroccan Atlas Mountains
-
Anti-Atlas (2)
-
High Atlas (1)
-
-
-
Egypt
-
Eastern Desert (1)
-
-
Morocco
-
Bou Azzer (1)
-
Moroccan Atlas Mountains
-
Anti-Atlas (2)
-
High Atlas (1)
-
-
-
-
Southern Africa
-
Barberton greenstone belt (13)
-
Botswana
-
Okavango Delta (1)
-
-
Gariep Belt (7)
-
Kaapvaal Craton (78)
-
Kalahari Craton (17)
-
Karoo Basin (131)
-
Lesotho (7)
-
Namaqualand (9)
-
Namaqualand metamorphic complex (10)
-
Namibia
-
Damara Belt (5)
-
Kaoko Belt (6)
-
Luderitz Namibia (2)
-
Otavi Namibia (2)
-
Tsumeb Namibia (2)
-
Windhoek Namibia (1)
-
-
Orange River (6)
-
South Africa
-
Bushveld Complex (32)
-
Cape fold belt (40)
-
Cape Province region (11)
-
Eastern Cape Province South Africa
-
Cape Town South Africa (4)
-
-
Free State South Africa
-
Vredefort Dome (6)
-
-
Gauteng South Africa
-
Johannesburg South Africa (4)
-
-
Klerksdorp Field (1)
-
KwaZulu-Natal South Africa
-
Durban South Africa (5)
-
-
Limpopo South Africa (7)
-
Merensky Reef (3)
-
Mpumalanga South Africa
-
Barberton South Africa (2)
-
-
Northern Cape Province South Africa
-
Kimberley South Africa (5)
-
-
North-West Province South Africa
-
Ventersdorp South Africa (4)
-
-
Sutherland South Africa (4)
-
Transvaal region (9)
-
Vaal River (5)
-
Western Cape Province South Africa (25)
-
Witwatersrand (18)
-
-
Swaziland (3)
-
Zimbabwe
-
Great Dyke (1)
-
-
-
West Africa
-
Ghana (2)
-
Ivory Coast (1)
-
-
West African Craton (2)
-
Zambezi Valley (4)
-
Zimbabwe Craton (8)
-
-
Antarctica
-
Amundsen Sea (2)
-
Antarctic ice sheet
-
East Antarctic ice sheet (1)
-
-
Antarctic Peninsula (1)
-
Coats Land (1)
-
East Antarctica (11)
-
Ellsworth Land
-
Ellsworth Mountains (5)
-
-
Enderby Land (1)
-
James Ross Island (1)
-
Larsemann Hills (1)
-
Marie Byrd Land (4)
-
Queen Maud Land (4)
-
Ross Ice Shelf (1)
-
Ross Island (3)
-
South Shetland Islands
-
Deception Island (1)
-
-
Transantarctic Mountains
-
Beardmore Glacier (2)
-
Pensacola Mountains (4)
-
Queen Maud Range (2)
-
-
Victoria Land
-
McMurdo dry valleys (3)
-
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Agnostida (2)
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Redlichiida (1)
-
-
-
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Brachiopoda (8)
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Bryozoa
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Cheilostomata (1)
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Trepostomata (1)
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Cnidaria
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Anthozoa (1)
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Scyphozoa
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Conulariida (1)
-
-
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Echinodermata
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Asterozoa
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Stelleroidea
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Asteroidea (1)
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Ophiuroidea (1)
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-
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Homalozoa
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Stylophora (1)
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Mollusca
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Bivalvia (1)
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Cephalopoda
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Ammonoidea
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Ammonites (1)
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Nautiloidea (1)
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Gastropoda (1)
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Tentaculitida (1)
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Porifera
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Stromatoporoidea (1)
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Protista
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Foraminifera
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Rotaliina
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Globigerinacea
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Hedbergella (1)
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Textulariina (1)
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Radiolaria (1)
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Vermes
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Annelida (1)
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scolecodonts (1)
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isostasy (1)
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isotopes
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radioactive isotopes
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Ar-40/Ar-39 (2)
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Be-10 (3)
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C-14 (3)
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K-40 (1)
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (12)
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Pb-207/Pb-204 (8)
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Pb-208/Pb-204 (6)
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Rb-87/Sr-86 (4)
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Re-187/Os-188 (3)
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Sm-147/Nd-144 (9)
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tritium (1)
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U-238 (1)
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U-238/U-234 (1)
-
-
stable isotopes
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Ar-40/Ar-39 (2)
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B-11/B-10 (6)
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C-13 (1)
-
C-13/C-12 (34)
-
D/H (11)
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deuterium (2)
-
Fe-56/Fe-54 (2)
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Fe-57 (1)
-
He-4 (1)
-
He-4/He-3 (1)
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (15)
-
N-15 (1)
-
N-15/N-14 (2)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (24)
-
Ne-21 (1)
-
O-17/O-16 (1)
-
O-18 (1)
-
O-18/O-16 (47)
-
Os-188/Os-187 (6)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (12)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (8)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (4)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (6)
-
Pb-208/Pb-206 (1)
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (4)
-
Re-187/Os-188 (3)
-
S-33 (1)
-
S-33/S-32 (3)
-
S-34/S-32 (19)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (9)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (43)
-
-
-
kaolin deposits (1)
-
land use (4)
-
lava (14)
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lineation (3)
-
magmas (67)
-
Malay Archipelago
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Borneo
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East Malaysia
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Sabah Malaysia (1)
-
-
Kalimantan Indonesia (1)
-
-
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mantle (46)
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maps (1)
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marine geology (2)
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Mediterranean region
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Aegean Islands
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Greek Aegean Islands
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Cyclades (1)
-
-
-
-
Mesozoic
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Cretaceous
-
Lower Cretaceous
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Albian
-
lower Albian (1)
-
-
Aptian (3)
-
Cedar Mountain Formation (1)
-
Mannville Group (1)
-
Torok Formation (1)
-
-
Middle Cretaceous (6)
-
Nanushuk Group (1)
-
Upper Cretaceous
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Campanian (1)
-
Cardium Formation (1)
-
Cenomanian (1)
-
Maestrichtian (2)
-
Senonian (1)
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Turonian
-
upper Turonian (1)
-
-
-
Yacoraite Formation (1)
-
-
Jurassic
-
Clarens Formation (10)
-
Ferrar Group (2)
-
Kirkpatrick Basalt (1)
-
Lower Jurassic
-
Hettangian (1)
-
Pliensbachian (4)
-
Toarcian (4)
-
-
Middle Jurassic
-
Aalenian (2)
-
-
Upper Jurassic
-
Smackover Formation (1)
-
Tithonian (1)
-
-
-
lower Mesozoic (1)
-
Murihiku Supergroup (1)
-
Newark Supergroup (2)
-
Triassic
-
Lower Triassic
-
Olenekian (2)
-
Permian-Triassic boundary (14)
-
-
Middle Triassic
-
Anisian (3)
-
Ladinian (1)
-
-
Upper Triassic
-
Carnian
-
Ischigualasto Formation (1)
-
-
Molteno Formation (5)
-
Norian (1)
-
Rhaetian (1)
-
Stormberg Series (6)
-
-
-
upper Mesozoic (2)
-
-
metal ores
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antimony ores (1)
-
base metals (10)
-
chromite ores (4)
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cobalt ores (6)
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copper ores (38)
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gold ores (50)
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IOCG deposits (6)
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iron ores (25)
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lead ores (14)
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lead-zinc deposits (6)
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lithium ores (1)
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manganese ores (22)
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molybdenum ores (2)
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nickel ores (26)
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niobium ores (5)
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palladium ores (4)
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platinum ores (21)
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polymetallic ores (4)
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rare earth deposits (4)
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rhodium ores (1)
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silver ores (7)
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tantalum ores (3)
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tin ores (8)
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titanium ores (2)
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tungsten ores (2)
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uranium ores (8)
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vanadium ores (1)
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zinc ores (13)
-
-
metals
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actinides
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protactinium (1)
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thorium (2)
-
uranium
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U-238 (1)
-
U-238/U-234 (1)
-
-
-
alkali metals
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cesium (1)
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lithium (3)
-
potassium
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K-40 (1)
-
-
rubidium
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (4)
-
-
sodium (2)
-
-
alkaline earth metals
-
barium (1)
-
beryllium
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Be-10 (3)
-
-
calcium
-
Mg/Ca (1)
-
-
magnesium
-
Mg/Ca (1)
-
-
strontium
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (4)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (43)
-
-
-
aluminum (2)
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antimony (1)
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arsenic (1)
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chromium (3)
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cobalt (5)
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copper (4)
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gallium (1)
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germanium (1)
-
gold (3)
-
hafnium
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (15)
-
-
iron
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Fe-56/Fe-54 (2)
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Fe-57 (1)
-
ferric iron (2)
-
ferrous iron (3)
-
-
lead
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (12)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (8)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (4)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (6)
-
Pb-208/Pb-206 (1)
-
-
manganese (8)
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mercury (2)
-
molybdenum (1)
-
nickel (5)
-
niobium (4)
-
platinum group
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iridium (2)
-
osmium
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Os-188/Os-187 (6)
-
Re-187/Os-188 (3)
-
-
palladium (2)
-
palladium ores (4)
-
platinum (2)
-
platinum ores (21)
-
rhodium ores (1)
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ruthenium (1)
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-
precious metals (7)
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rare earths
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cerium (3)
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europium (2)
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lanthanum (2)
-
lutetium (2)
-
neodymium
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (24)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (9)
-
-
samarium
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (9)
-
-
yttrium (4)
-
-
rhenium
-
Re-187/Os-188 (3)
-
-
tantalum (5)
-
tin (2)
-
titanium (4)
-
tungsten (1)
-
vanadium (4)
-
zinc (2)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
amphibolites (10)
-
cataclasites (1)
-
eclogite (6)
-
gneisses
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augen gneiss (1)
-
biotite gneiss (1)
-
granite gneiss (2)
-
orthogneiss (2)
-
paragneiss (2)
-
-
granulites (4)
-
hornfels (1)
-
impactites
-
impact breccia
-
suevite (1)
-
-
-
itabirite (2)
-
marbles (2)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
metabasalt (1)
-
metabasite (2)
-
metagabbro (3)
-
metagranite (2)
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metarhyolite (1)
-
serpentinite (1)
-
-
metasedimentary rocks
-
metaconglomerate (2)
-
metagraywacke (1)
-
metapelite (4)
-
metasandstone (2)
-
paragneiss (2)
-
-
metasomatic rocks
-
fenite (1)
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greisen (3)
-
serpentinite (1)
-
skarn (3)
-
-
metavolcanic rocks (18)
-
migmatites (4)
-
mylonites
-
pseudotachylite (2)
-
ultramylonite (1)
-
-
quartzites (12)
-
schists
-
blueschist (3)
-
greenschist (2)
-
greenstone (3)
-
hornblende schist (1)
-
-
-
metamorphism (86)
-
metasomatism (59)
-
meteorites
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stony meteorites
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achondrites (1)
-
chondrites
-
carbonaceous chondrites (1)
-
ordinary chondrites
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H chondrites
-
Tieschitz Meteorite (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Mexico
-
Baja California Mexico (1)
-
-
mineral deposits, genesis (93)
-
mineral exploration (56)
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mineral resources (6)
-
mineralogy (5)
-
minerals (6)
-
mining geology (4)
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Mohorovicic discontinuity (5)
-
Moon (1)
-
nitrogen
-
N-15 (1)
-
N-15/N-14 (2)
-
-
noble gases
-
argon
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (2)
-
-
helium
-
He-4 (1)
-
He-4/He-3 (1)
-
-
neon
-
Ne-21 (1)
-
-
-
nodules (3)
-
nonmetal deposits (2)
-
North America
-
Appalachians
-
Blue Ridge Mountains (1)
-
Blue Ridge Province (1)
-
Northern Appalachians (20)
-
Southern Appalachians (3)
-
-
Belt Basin (1)
-
Canadian Shield
-
Churchill Province
-
Cape Smith fold belt (1)
-
Hearne Province (3)
-
Rae Province (3)
-
-
Flin Flon Belt (1)
-
Grenville Province (5)
-
Slave Province (4)
-
Southern Province (2)
-
Superior Province
-
Abitibi Belt (2)
-
-
-
Gulf Coastal Plain (1)
-
Humber Zone (6)
-
Keweenawan Rift (1)
-
Lake Superior region (2)
-
North American Cordillera
-
Canadian Cordillera (6)
-
-
Rocky Mountains
-
Canadian Rocky Mountains (2)
-
-
Saint Lawrence Valley (1)
-
Slide Mountain Terrane (1)
-
Tintina Fault (1)
-
Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (1)
-
Yukon-Tanana Terrane (4)
-
-
nuclear facilities (2)
-
ocean basins (4)
-
Ocean Drilling Program
-
Leg 114 (1)
-
Leg 119 (1)
-
Leg 122
-
ODP Site 763 (1)
-
-
Leg 171B
-
ODP Site 1049 (1)
-
-
Leg 183 (1)
-
-
ocean floors (7)
-
oceanography (2)
-
oil and gas fields (2)
-
orogeny (54)
-
oxygen
-
O-17/O-16 (1)
-
O-18 (1)
-
O-18/O-16 (47)
-
-
Pacific Ocean
-
New Caledonia Basin (1)
-
North Pacific
-
Northwest Pacific
-
Celebes Sea (1)
-
Japan Sea (1)
-
-
-
South Pacific
-
Southwest Pacific
-
Campbell Plateau (1)
-
Great South Basin (1)
-
Lord Howe Rise (1)
-
Tasman Sea (2)
-
-
-
West Pacific
-
Indonesian Seas
-
Celebes Sea (1)
-
-
Northwest Pacific
-
Celebes Sea (1)
-
Japan Sea (1)
-
-
Southwest Pacific
-
Campbell Plateau (1)
-
Great South Basin (1)
-
Lord Howe Rise (1)
-
Tasman Sea (2)
-
-
-
-
Pacific region
-
Circum-Pacific region (1)
-
-
paleoclimatology (36)
-
paleoecology (43)
-
paleogeography (125)
-
paleomagnetism (35)
-
paleontology (1)
-
Paleozoic
-
Acatlan Complex (1)
-
Cambrian
-
Acadian (1)
-
Lower Cambrian
-
Chilhowee Group (1)
-
Gog Group (1)
-
Murphy Marble (1)
-
Terreneuvian (1)
-
Tommotian (1)
-
-
Middle Cambrian (6)
-
Upper Cambrian
-
Furongian (1)
-
Goldenville Formation (4)
-
-
-
Cape Elizabeth Formation (2)
-
Carboniferous
-
Albert Formation (1)
-
Chilliwack Group (1)
-
Lower Carboniferous
-
Dinantian (3)
-
-
Mabou Group (3)
-
Middle Carboniferous (1)
-
Mississippian
-
Lower Mississippian
-
Tournaisian (1)
-
-
Upper Mississippian
-
Serpukhovian (1)
-
-
Windsor Group (1)
-
-
Namurian (2)
-
Pennsylvanian
-
Cumberland Group (1)
-
Middle Pennsylvanian
-
Allegheny Group (1)
-
-
Morien Group (1)
-
-
Upper Carboniferous (14)
-
-
Casco Bay Group (3)
-
Cow Head Group (1)
-
Devonian
-
Fisset Brook Formation (1)
-
Heemskirk Granite (2)
-
Levis Shale (1)
-
Lower Devonian
-
Emsian (2)
-
Lochkovian (1)
-
-
Middle Devonian
-
Eifelian (3)
-
Givetian (2)
-
-
Muth Quartzite (1)
-
Old Red Sandstone (5)
-
Upper Devonian
-
Famennian (1)
-
-
-
Horton Group (6)
-
Itarare Subgroup (1)
-
lower Paleozoic (27)
-
Matapedia Group (1)
-
middle Paleozoic (2)
-
Ordovician
-
Lower Ordovician
-
Arenigian (3)
-
Manx Group (1)
-
Tremadocian
-
Halifax Formation (4)
-
-
-
Meguma Group (5)
-
Middle Ordovician
-
Dapingian (1)
-
Darriwilian (1)
-
Deicke Bentonite Bed (1)
-
Llanvirnian (1)
-
Millbrig Bentonite Bed (1)
-
-
Tetagouche Group (1)
-
Upper Ordovician
-
Ashgillian (3)
-
Caradocian (1)
-
Hirnantian (4)
-
Katian (1)
-
Sandbian (1)
-
-
-
Permian
-
Ecca Group (39)
-
Guadalupian
-
Capitanian (4)
-
-
Kamthi Formation (1)
-
Lower Permian
-
Cisuralian
-
Asselian (2)
-
Sakmarian (4)
-
-
Wolfcampian
-
Hueco Limestone (1)
-
-
-
Middle Permian (8)
-
Rio Bonito Formation (1)
-
Upper Permian
-
Lopingian
-
Changhsingian (2)
-
-
Permian-Triassic boundary (14)
-
-
Vryheid Formation (4)
-
Whitehill Formation (10)
-
-
Ringerike Sandstone (1)
-
Silurian
-
Lower Silurian
-
Llandovery
-
Rhuddanian (1)
-
-
-
Middle Silurian (1)
-
Upper Silurian (5)
-
-
Talchir Formation (1)
-
upper Paleozoic
-
Dwyka Formation (16)
-
Pictou Group (1)
-
-
-
palynomorphs
-
acritarchs
-
Baltisphaeridium (1)
-
-
Chitinozoa (4)
-
Dinoflagellata (1)
-
miospores
-
pollen (5)
-
-
-
paragenesis (18)
-
petroleum
-
natural gas
-
shale gas (13)
-
-
-
petrology (13)
-
Phanerozoic (16)
-
phase equilibria (7)
-
placers (6)
-
Plantae
-
algae
-
Chlorophyta (1)
-
Rhodophyta (1)
-
-
Bryophyta (2)
-
Pteridophyta
-
Filicopsida
-
Dicroidium (1)
-
-
Lycopsida (1)
-
Sphenopsida
-
Equisetales (1)
-
-
-
Spermatophyta
-
Gymnospermae
-
Coniferales (2)
-
Cycadales (1)
-
Ginkgoales (1)
-
Glossopteridales
-
Glossopteris
-
Glossopteris flora (2)
-
-
-
-
-
-
plate tectonics (128)
-
pollution (7)
-
Precambrian
-
Animikie Group (1)
-
Archean
-
Aravalli System (2)
-
Bulawayan Group (1)
-
Eoarchean (1)
-
Fig Tree Group (1)
-
Kromberg Formation (1)
-
Mesoarchean (14)
-
Napier Complex (1)
-
Neoarchean
-
Sargur Group (1)
-
-
Paleoarchean
-
Hooggenoeg Formation (2)
-
-
Peninsular Gneiss (1)
-
-
Biwabik Iron Formation (1)
-
Brockman Iron Formation (3)
-
Central Rand Group (5)
-
Cuddapah System (1)
-
Gunflint Iron Formation (1)
-
Hadean (3)
-
Hamersley Group (2)
-
Lewisian Complex (3)
-
Minas Supergroup (1)
-
Nipissing Diabase (1)
-
Noonday Dolomite (1)
-
North Shore Volcanics (1)
-
Onverwacht Group (4)
-
Osler Series (2)
-
Pongola Supergroup (6)
-
Prince Albert Group (1)
-
Purcell System (1)
-
Transvaal Supergroup (32)
-
Unkar Group (1)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Bambui Group (3)
-
Banded Gneissic Complex (1)
-
Damara System (9)
-
Dedham Granodiorite (1)
-
Espinhaco Supergroup (3)
-
Great Oxidation Event (3)
-
Huronian (2)
-
Keweenawan
-
Portage Lake Lava Series (1)
-
-
Lewisian (3)
-
Malmani Subgroup (6)
-
Mesoproterozoic
-
Aldridge Formation (1)
-
Belt Supergroup (1)
-
Calymmian (1)
-
Laxfordian (2)
-
Roper Group (1)
-
Stenian (2)
-
-
Neoproterozoic
-
Brioverian (1)
-
Cryogenian (4)
-
Ediacaran (27)
-
Hadrynian (1)
-
Macaubas Group (1)
-
Marinoan (3)
-
Moine Supergroup (2)
-
Moinian (3)
-
Otavi Group (6)
-
Sturtian (3)
-
Tonian (1)
-
Torridonian (9)
-
Vendian (8)
-
Walden Creek Group (1)
-
-
Oronto Group (1)
-
Paleoproterozoic
-
Birimian (2)
-
Cobalt Group (1)
-
Rooiberg Group (3)
-
Rustenburg Layered Suite (8)
-
Statherian (1)
-
-
Pretoria Group (4)
-
Windermere System (1)
-
-
-
Ventersdorp Supergroup (18)
-
Waterberg System (8)
-
Witwatersrand Supergroup (12)
-
-
problematic fossils
-
problematic microfossils (1)
-
-
reefs (4)
-
remote sensing (18)
-
rock mechanics (2)
-
sea water (5)
-
sea-floor spreading (4)
-
sea-level changes (20)
-
sedimentary petrology (8)
-
sedimentary rocks
-
bone beds (1)
-
carbonate rocks
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beachrock (1)
-
dolostone (10)
-
limestone
-
micrite (1)
-
microbialite (3)
-
-
travertine (1)
-
-
chemically precipitated rocks
-
chert (7)
-
duricrust (1)
-
evaporites (3)
-
iron formations
-
banded iron formations (18)
-
-
ironstone (1)
-
jaspilite (1)
-
phosphate rocks (1)
-
silcrete (1)
-
tufa (1)
-
weathering crust (2)
-
-
clastic rocks
-
arenite
-
quartz arenite (2)
-
sublitharenite (1)
-
-
argillite (1)
-
arkose (3)
-
bentonite (3)
-
black shale (8)
-
claystone (2)
-
conglomerate
-
quartz-pebble conglomerate (2)
-
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1-20 OF 1364 RESULTS FOR
Cape Supergroup
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Journal Article
Late Permian tectonics and associated fluid influx during the Cape Orogeny: evidence from fault-bound quartz veins in the Witteberg Group (Cape Supergroup, South Africa) Available to Purchase
Journal: South African Journal of Geology
Publisher: Geological Society of South Africa
Published: 01 June 2016
South African Journal of Geology (2016) 119 (2): 379–398.
...S.H. Büttner; W.K. Reid; R. Erasmus Abstract Quartzitic sandstones and shales of the upper Witteberg Group (Cape Supergroup) near Grahamstown show hydraulic fracturing manifested in syntectonic quartz veins associated with tension gashes, reverse and strike-slip faults, and layer-parallel thrusts...
Journal Article
Palaeoenvironment and provenance in the early Cape Basin of southwest Gondwana: sedimentology of the Lower Ordovician Piekenierskloof Formation, Cape Supergroup, South Africa Available to Purchase
Journal: South African Journal of Geology
Publisher: Geological Society of South Africa
Published: 01 June 2016
South African Journal of Geology (2016) 119 (2): 399–414.
...E.M. Bordy; H. Head; M.J. Runds Abstract The lowermost unit of the Table Mountain Group (Cape Supergroup), the Ordovician Piekenierskloof Formation is a siliciclastic succession that formed during the initial stages of the Cape Basin development in southwest Gondwana. This contemporary...
Journal Article
MINERALOGICAL, GEOCHEMICAL AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF QUARTZ-ARENITES OF THE WITPOORT FORMATION (CAPE SUPERGROUP) NEAR KIRKWOOD, EASTERN CAPE, SOUTH AFRICA Available to Purchase
Journal: South African Journal of Geology
Publisher: Geological Society of South Africa
Published: 01 December 2011
South African Journal of Geology (2011) 114 (3-4): 249–264.
...W.C. OLIVIER; P.W.K. BOOTH; C.R. ANDERSON Abstract A study of Late Palaeozoic Witteberg Group rocks (Cape Supergroup) near Kirkwood, Eastern Cape was carried out to determine the viability of extracting silica for solar cell production. Mineralogical, geochemical and structural analyses of selected...
Journal Article
Thrust faults and fold vergence in the Palaeozoic middle and upper Witteberg Group, Cape Supergroup (Cape Fold Belt), Steytlerville: an interpretation of their relationship Available to Purchase
Journal: South African Journal of Geology
Publisher: Geological Society of South Africa
Published: 01 March 2002
South African Journal of Geology (2002) 105 (1): 25–38.
... structural complexities that make it difficult to define the lithostratigraphy. Fold structures in rocks of the Cape Supergroup (Table Mountain, Bokkeveld and Witteberg Groups) are known to verge predominantly towards the north ( Hälbich, 1977 ; Coetzee, 1979 ; Hälbich and Swart, 1983 ). This study...
Journal Article
Depositional setting and cyclic development of the lower part of the Witteberg Group (Mid- to Upper Devonian), Cape Supergroup, Western Cape, South Africa Available to Purchase
Journal: South African Journal of Geology
Publisher: Geological Society of South Africa
Published: 01 March 2000
South African Journal of Geology (2000) 103 (1): 1–14.
... Belt (Figure 1 ) exposes a 6- to 10-km-thick sedimentary succession known as the Cape Supergroup ( Tankard et al., 1982 ; Broquet, 1992 ; Theron, 1993 ). This great wedge of siliciclastic detritus accumulated from Ordovician through Early Carboniferous time on a passive continental margin of what...
Journal Article
Lithological and structural characteristics of Cape Supergroup rocks at Port Alfred, Eastern Cape, South Africa Free
Journal: South African Journal of Geology
Publisher: Geological Society of South Africa
Published: 01 December 1999
South African Journal of Geology (1999) 102 (4): 391–404.
...P. W. K. Booth; A. J. Munro; R. W. Shone Abstract In this study of Cape Supergroup rocks at Port Alfred, the strata are classified as Witteberg Group rather than the Bokkeveld Group because their lithological characteristics and position in the stratigraphic sequence are similar to Witteberg Group...
Journal Article
The effect of thrusting on fold style and orientation, Weltevrede Formation (Cape Supergroup), Steytlerville, Eastern Cape Free
Journal: South African Journal of Geology
Publisher: Geological Society of South Africa
Published: 01 March 1998
South African Journal of Geology (1998) 101 (1): 27–37.
Journal Article
Lithostratigraphy and sedimentology of the Middle Devonian Tra-Tra Formation, including the Grootrivier Member (Bokkeveld Group, Cape Supergroup), South Africa Available to Purchase
Journal: South African Journal of Geology
Publisher: Geological Society of South Africa
Published: 01 September 2020
South African Journal of Geology (2020) 123 (3): 381–398.
...C.R. Penn-Clarke; J.N. Theron Abstract The Tra-Tra Formation is a predominantly argillaceous, shallow marine to paralic sedimentary succession of Eifelian (Middle Devonian) age within the Bokkeveld Group (Cape Supergroup) that crops out extensively within the Cape Fold Belt of South Africa...
Journal Article
Lithostratigraphy of the Kweekvlei Formation (Witteberg Group), Cape Supergroup Available to Purchase
Journal: South African Journal of Geology
Publisher: Geological Society of South Africa
Published: 01 September 2017
South African Journal of Geology (2017) 120 (3): 421–432.
...C. Browning; M. Reid Abstract The Lower Carboniferous, probably Tournaisian, Kweekvlei Formation is part of the Witteberg Group (Cape Supergroup) of South Africa. Together with the overlying Floriskraal Formation, it forms an upward-coarsening succession within the Lake Mentz Subgroup. Sedimentary...
Journal Article
Palaeoenvironmental significance of clast shape in the Nardouw Formation, Cape Supergroup; discussion and reply Free
Journal: South African Journal of Geology
Publisher: Geological Society of South Africa
Published: 01 December 1988
South African Journal of Geology (1988) 91 (4): 554–556.
Journal Article
Palaeoenvironmental significance of clast shape in the Nardouw Formation, Cape Supergroup Free
Journal: South African Journal of Geology
Publisher: Geological Society of South Africa
Published: 01 March 1987
South African Journal of Geology (1987) 90 (1): 94–97.
Journal Article
The Cape Supergroup in Natal and the Northern Transkei Free
Journal: Geological Magazine
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Published: 01 September 1973
Geological Magazine (1973) 110 (5): 485–486.
Journal Article
PALAEO-ENVIRONMENT, DIAGENESIS AND CHARACTERISTICS OF PERMIAN BLACK SHALES IN THE LOWER KAROO SUPERGROUP FLANKING THE CAPE FOLD BELT NEAR JANSENVILLE, EASTERN CAPE, SOUTH AFRICA: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE SHALE GAS POTENTIAL OF THE KAROO BASIN Available to Purchase
Journal: South African Journal of Geology
Publisher: Geological Society of South Africa
Published: 01 September 2015
South African Journal of Geology (2015) 118 (3): 249–274.
...C. GEEL; M. DE WIT; P. BOOTH; H-M. SCHULZ; B. HORSFIELD Abstract We report on geochemical and petrophysical properties of shales from the Prince Albert, Whitehill and Collingham Formations of the Lower Karoo Supergroup, near Jansenville in the Eastern Cape, close to the tectonic front of the Cape...
Journal Article
Lithostratigraphic correlation and mineralogical facies characterisation of the banded iron and manganese formations of the Palaeoproterozoic Hotazel Formation of the Voëlwater Subgroup Transvaal Supergroup, Northern Cape Province, South Africa Available to Purchase
Journal: South African Journal of Geology
Publisher: Geological Society of South Africa
Published: 01 March 2025
South African Journal of Geology (2025) 128 (1): 13–52.
... Formation Bed, Mozaan Group, Pongola Supergroup, South Africa . Precambrian Research , 384 , 106922 . Smith , A.J.B. , Gutzmer , J. , Beukes , N.J. and Chisonga , B.C. , 2019 . Iron ores of the Hotazel Formation, Northern Cape Province, South Africa . In: Iron Ore 2019...
Journal Article
Isotopic relationships of epigenetic Pb-Zn mineralisation in the Ventersdorp Supergroup near Douglas, Northern Cape Province Available to Purchase
Journal: South African Journal of Geology
Publisher: Geological Society of South Africa
Published: 01 September 2005
South African Journal of Geology (2005) 108 (2): 187–198.
...) into the underlying Ventersdorp lavas. This paper deals with mineralization in the Allanridge Formation of the Ventersdorp Supergroup in the district of Douglas, Northern Cape Province (NCP) (Figure 1 ). The Allanridge Formation is a series of basaltic andesite to andesite flows that mark the ending of the ~2.7...
Journal Article
Alteration of the Allanridge Formation of the Ventersdorp Supergroup near Douglas, Northern Cape Province. Available to Purchase
Journal: South African Journal of Geology
Publisher: Geological Society of South Africa
Published: 01 March 2002
South African Journal of Geology (2002) 105 (1): 75–92.
...H. de Bruiyn; A. E. Schoch; H. T. Whitelaw; W. A. van der Westhuizen Abstract The Allanridge Formation of the Ventersdorp Supergroup in the Northern Cape Province consists of andesite to basaltic andesite. The properties of these rocks are described by aid of detail from two localities near Douglas...
Image
Comparison of Rabbit Ridge (RR) lingulids with Devonian, Cape Supergroup sp... Available to Purchase
in INSIGHTS FROM A MONOSPECIFIC LINGULID BRACHIOPOD BED IN THE LATE DEVONIAN OF SOUTH AFRICA
> PALAIOS
Published: 15 September 2022
Table 1. Comparison of Rabbit Ridge (RR) lingulids with Devonian, Cape Supergroup specimens from the Oosthuizen collection at Iziko Museum, Cape Town.
Image
A ) Simplified geological map of the Cape Supergroup in South Africa. Locat... Available to Purchase
in TAPHONOMY AND PALEOECOLOGY OF AN OPHIUROID-STYLOPHORAN OBRUTION DEPOSIT FROM THE LOWER DEVONIAN BOKKEVELD GROUP, SOUTH AFRICA
> PALAIOS
Published: 16 April 2019
Fig. 1.— A ) Simplified geological map of the Cape Supergroup in South Africa. Location of the fossil locality (square) within the Cape Fold Belt, ∼ 145 km NE of Cape Town, insert of Africa showing the study region within South Africa (redrawn and modified from Reid et al. 2015 ; Theron
Image
(A) Simplified geological map of the Cape Supergroup in South Africa showi... Available to Purchase
in Palaeoenvironment and provenance in the early Cape Basin of southwest Gondwana: sedimentology of the Lower Ordovician Piekenierskloof Formation, Cape Supergroup, South Africa
> South African Journal of Geology
Published: 01 June 2016
Figure 1. (A) Simplified geological map of the Cape Supergroup in South Africa showing the approximate location (box with solid outline) of the study area within the Cape Fold Belt, ~200 km north of Cape Town (Figure redrawn and modified from Theron and Loock, 1988 ). Inset shows Africa’s
Image
Thickness maps for ( a ) the main Karoo Basin and ( b ) Cape Supergroup (10... Available to Purchase
in NEW DEPTH MAPS OF THE MAIN KAROO BASIN, USED TO EXPLORE THE CAPE ISOSTATIC ANOMALY, SOUTH AFRICA
> South African Journal of Geology
Published: 01 September 2015
Figure 7 Thickness maps for ( a ) the main Karoo Basin and ( b ) Cape Supergroup (1000 metre contour intervals shown). Outcropping Dwyka and Witteberg Group rocks are shown in (a) and (b) respectively (purple). Several towns are indicated (white circles, see Figure 5 for details). The towns
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