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Journal Article

A diminutive fauna from the Shakopee dolomite (Ordovician) at Cannon Falls, Minnesota Free

Clinton Raymond Stauffer
Published: 01 January 1937
Journal of Paleontology (1937) 11 (1): 55–60.
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Journal Article

The St. Peter Sandstone-Glenwood shale contact Available to Purchase

W. G. Ernst
Published: 01 December 1954
American Mineralogist (1954) 39 (11-12): 1025–1031.
...W. G. Ernst Abstract Introduction Between Northfield and Cannon Falls, Minnesota, some 40 miles south of St. Paul, on State Highway 19, mesas rise to heights of 60 feet or more above the preglacial Cannon River Valley flood plain (1). These prominences, when traced by aerial photographs, are seen...
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Journal Article

Calcite-Cemented Concretions in Cretaceous Sandstone, Wyoming and Utah, U.S.A. Available to Purchase

Earle F. McBride, M. Dane Picard, Kitty L. Milliken
Published: 01 May 2003
Journal of Sedimentary Research (2003) 73 (3): 462–483.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1306/111602730462
...Earle F. McBride; M. Dane Picard; Kitty L. Milliken Abstract Spheroidal (cannon ball) calcite-cemented concretions, some of gigantic size, were studied from three Cretaceous shelf sandstone units: Ferron, Frontier, and Second Frontier. The concretions have diameters between 2 cm and 6 m; those...
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Journal Article

Hydrodynamic implications of beach, beach ridge and dune grain size studies Available to Purchase

F. W. Stapor, W. F. Tanner
Published: 01 December 1975
Journal of Sedimentary Research (1975) 45 (4): 926–931.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1306/212F6E88-2B24-11D7-8648000102C1865D
... structure shows that they were deposited largely by swash action. Washover and slip-yface bedding are, in general, not present in beach ridges. Skewness is the most important moment measure entering the discriminant functions and the cannonical plots; standard deviation is the next most important. These two...
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Comparison of lamellar spacing in species of Phragmolites, showing specimens with closely spaced lamellae (first row), those with moderately spaced lamellae (second row), and species with widely spaced lamellae (third row). See Table 1 for details on stratigraphy. Note that all specimens in a type series of a species named by Ulrich and Scofield (1897) carry the same lot number. Specimens illustrated here and by Wahlman (1992) are reassigned new individual numbers: (1) Phragmolites bellulus (Ulrich in Ulrich and Scofield, 1897), holotype, USNM PAL 45751, Covington, Kentucky, USA (original of Ulrich and Scofield, 1897, pl. 67, figs. 23–26); (2) Phragmolites cellulosus (Ulrich and Scofield, 1897), USNM PAL 706471 (out of lots USNM PAL 311305 and 45753), near Cannon Falls, Minnesota, USA; (3) Phragmolites girvanensis (Reed, 1920), NHMUK G44502, Shalloch Mill, Girvan, Scotland (original of Reed, 1921, pl. 9, fig. 1); (4) Phragmolites elegans (Miller, 1874), USNM PAL 706472 (out of lot USNM PAL 45754), Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; (5) Phragmolites aff. Phragmolites fimbriatus (Ulrich and Scofield, 1897), NHMUK G44759, Thraive Glen, Girvan, Scotland (original of Reed, 1921, pl. 9, fig. 5); (6) Phragmolites lissoni n. sp., latex cast of CPI-7908, Ticara Creek near Calapuja, Puno, Peru; (7) Phragmolites fimbriatus, USNM PAL 706473 (out of lot USNM PAL 45755), Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA (original of Ulrich and Scofield, 1897, pl. 67, possibly figs. 7, 8); (8) Phragmolites hyberboreus Troedsson, 1928, holotype, MGUH 2736, Kap Calhoun, Washington Land, Greenland (original of Troedsson, 1928, pl. 1, figs. 1–10); (9) Phragmolites compressus Conrad, 1838, ROM 24131, Paquette rapids, Ontario, Canada. Scale bars = 5 mm.

Comparison of lamellar spacing in species of Phragmolites , showing specim... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 March 2020
, Kentucky, USA (original of Ulrich and Scofield, 1897 , pl. 67, figs. 23–26); ( 2 ) Phragmolites cellulosus (Ulrich and Scofield, 1897 ), USNM PAL 706471 (out of lots USNM PAL 311305 and 45753), near Cannon Falls, Minnesota, USA; ( 3 ) Phragmolites girvanensis (Reed, 1920 ), NHMUK G44502, Shalloch
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Geologic map shows the region where the Nonesuch Formation outcrops and was studied in stratigraphic drill core. (A) The full extent of the Nonesuch Formation in northern Wisconsin and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan and the locations of the studied outcrop and core sections are shown. (B) This map zooms in on the region of the Montreal River monocline from the Presque Isle River in the east to Brownstone Falls in the west, where the sedimentary rocks of the Oronto Group rest on a post-rift unconformity (Brownstone Falls angular unconformity, red line). Geologic data are from Cannon et al. (1995) and Cannon et al. (1996), with minor modifications associated with new field data. As a result of this unconformity, the Copper Harbor Conglomerate is progressively in contact with older volcanic rocks to the southwest. The Copper Harbor Conglomerate and the Nonesuch Formation progressively thin to the southwest against this unconformity (Fig. 2). These lateral changes in stratigraphic thickness as well as lithofacies indicate that the stratigraphic section at Brownstone Falls was next to a persistent topographic high throughout Copper Harbor Conglomerate and Nonesuch Formation deposition, which we refer to as the “Brownstone Highlands.” Age constraints on the units are from Swanson-Hysell et al. (2019a) and Hodgin et al. (2022).

Geologic map shows the region where the Nonesuch Formation outcrops and was... Available to Purchase

Published: 22 August 2023
. (B) This map zooms in on the region of the Montreal River monocline from the Presque Isle River in the east to Brownstone Falls in the west, where the sedimentary rocks of the Oronto Group rest on a post-rift unconformity (Brownstone Falls angular unconformity, red line). Geologic data are from
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Simplified geological map of northeast Wisconsin, USA (after Sims and Schulz, 1993) showing the locations sampled for this study. SFI denotes the Sturt Falls intrusion, which forms part of the Pembine ophiolite (Schulz and Cannon, 2007).

Simplified geological map of northeast Wisconsin, USA (after Sims and Schu... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 July 2021
Figure 2. Simplified geological map of northeast Wisconsin, USA (after Sims and Schulz, 1993 ) showing the locations sampled for this study. SFI denotes the Sturt Falls intrusion, which forms part of the Pembine ophiolite ( Schulz and Cannon, 2007 ).
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Principle of the Boulengé chronograph. A cannon shell passes through the two wire screens, breaking electrical circuits, causing first the chronometer rod and then the registrar rod to fall. When the registrar rod hits the trigger, a knife edge makes a mark on the falling chronometer rod, allowing measurement of the fall distance and calculation of the fall time between circuit interruptions. The disjunctor switch is used to calibrate for zero time. Distance between screens divided by calculated time gives muzzle velocity (from www.eugeneleeslover.com/usnavy/CHAPTER_XV-FIGURE-1502-PAGE-422.jpg).

Principle of the Boulengé chronograph. A cannon shell passes through the t... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 January 2007
Figure 2. Principle of the Boulengé chronograph. A cannon shell passes through the two wire screens, breaking electrical circuits, causing first the chronometer rod and then the registrar rod to fall. When the registrar rod hits the trigger, a knife edge makes a mark on the falling
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Composite stratigraphic section of the Great Falls, Montana, USA, area. The section was produced with field measurements and published measured sections from Ballard (1966), Cannon (1966), Fox and Groff (1966), Harris (1966), and Walker (1974). c—coarse-grained; cl/coal—clay/coal; f—fine-grained; Fm.—Formation; m—medium-grained; Mb. —Member; sl—silt; vf—very fine-grained. Yellow—sandstone; gray—shale, siltstone; blue—limestone.

Composite stratigraphic section of the Great Falls, Montana, USA, area. The... Open Access

Published: 07 May 2018
Figure 3. Composite stratigraphic section of the Great Falls, Montana, USA, area. The section was produced with field measurements and published measured sections from Ballard (1966) , Cannon (1966) , Fox and Groff (1966) , Harris (1966) , and Walker (1974) . c—coarse-grained; cl/coal—clay
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Geological map modified from Cannon et al. (1996) focused on the Powder Mill Group in northern Wisconsin and the westernmost part of Michigan’s upper Peninsula, USA. The position of paleomagnetic sites deemed to have primary remanence from Palmer and Halls (1986) and those from this study are shown. The zoom-in map is centered on Brownstone Falls within Copper Falls State Park, Wisconsin, and shows the location of the upper Kallander Creek Volcanics sites of this study and the Sheep Bed rhyolite geochronology sample. The stratigraphic column is of the upper 560 m of the Kallander Creek Volcanics measured where the volcanics were sampled along the Tyler Forks River. Cong.—conglomerate; Fm.—Formation.

Geological map modified from Cannon et al. (1996) focused on the Powder M... Available to Purchase

Published: 29 January 2019
Figure 8. Geological map modified from Cannon et al. (1996) focused on the Powder Mill Group in northern Wisconsin and the westernmost part of Michigan’s upper Peninsula, USA. The position of paleomagnetic sites deemed to have primary remanence from Palmer and Halls (1986) and those from
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Geologic cross section along A-A′ of Figure 1. This cross section is modified from the A-A′ regional geologic cross-section of Cannon and Nicholson (2001) with adjustments given that our cross-section is to the northeast of their cross-section line. Directions perpendicular to the strike of the Keweenaw and Falls River thrust faults are shown in the left two circular diagrams. Structural orientation data from L’Anse Bay are shown on a directional rose diagram that summarizes the orientation data for both the thrust fault (purple) and striation plane slickenline (magenta) orientations. The y-axis represents depth in km, while the x-axis denotes the distance along the cross section, also in km.

Geologic cross section along A-A′ of Figure 1 . This cross section is modi... Open Access

Published: 20 July 2023
Figure 5. Geologic cross section along A-A′ of Figure 1 . This cross section is modified from the A-A′ regional geologic cross-section of Cannon and Nicholson (2001) with adjustments given that our cross-section is to the northeast of their cross-section line. Directions perpendicular
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Schematic cross sections through the Montreal River monocline in northern Michigan and Wisconsin. Upper (a) and lower (b) sections depict eastern and western parts the monocline, respectively, as indicated in inset. The major reverse faults originated as rift-bounding normal faults, creating a thicker stratigraphic section to the north. MCR = Midcontinent Rift; PaleoProt = Paleoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks; PCFZ = Pelton Creek fault zone (inferred). Dashed lines indicate the positions of isotherms before closure of the rift. Thin lines in Archean rocks in upper section represent orientations of Midcontinent Rift–age mafic dikes. Filled star shows location of study area near Marengo Falls; open star shows probable depth at which observed pseudotachylytes formed. Modified from Cannon et al. (1993).

Schematic cross sections through the Montreal River monocline in northern M... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 January 2010
represent orientations of Midcontinent Rift–age mafic dikes. Filled star shows location of study area near Marengo Falls; open star shows probable depth at which observed pseudotachylytes formed. Modified from Cannon et al. ( 1993 ).
Journal Article

Locating cannons by sound ranging in World War I Available to Purchase

Don Gendzwill
Journal: The Leading Edge
Published: 01 January 2007
The Leading Edge (2007) 26 (1): 27–29.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.2431826
...Figure 2. Principle of the Boulengé chronograph. A cannon shell passes through the two wire screens, breaking electrical circuits, causing first the chronometer rod and then the registrar rod to fall. When the registrar rod hits the trigger, a knife edge makes a mark on the falling...
FIGURES
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Journal Article

The Timing of Susceptibility to Post-Fire Debris Flows in the Western United States Available to Purchase

JEROME V. DeGRAFF, SUSAN H. CANNON, JOSEPH E. GARTNER
Published: 01 November 2015
Environmental & Engineering Geoscience (2015) 21 (4): 277–292.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2113/gseegeosci.21.4.277
...JEROME V. DeGRAFF; SUSAN H. CANNON; JOSEPH E. GARTNER Abstract Watersheds recently burned by wildfires can be susceptible to debris flow, although little is known about how long this susceptibility persists and how it changes over time. We use a compilation of 75 debris-flow response and fire...
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Journal Article

Rainfall Thresholds for Post-Fire Debris-Flow Generation, Western Sierra Nevada, CA Available to Purchase

Chad K. Neptune, Jerome V. Degraff, Christopher J. Pluhar, Jeremy T. Lancaster, Dennis M. Staley
Published: 24 November 2021
Environmental & Engineering Geoscience (2021) 27 (4): 439–453.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2113/EEG-D-21-00039
... established in this study fall within the middle of the range when compared to Southern California and New Mexico thresholds ( Cannon et al., 2008 ; Staley et al., 2013 ; McGuire and Youberg, 2020 ) ( Table 3 ). The model-estimated thresholds are conservative (i.e., estimate lower rainfall thresholds...
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Generalized basement geologic map of the Penokean orogen and Midcontinent rift system (MRS). Magnetotelluric (MT) sites are red squares, and controlled-source audio (CSA) MT sites are red dots. The Wgn unit in our study area and to the west-southwest comprises the McGrath–Little Falls gneiss panel, including the particularly uplifted McGrath Dome (MG). Primary normal faults of the Midcontinent rift system regime are the Douglas fault (DF) and Lake Owens fault (LOF), which may have been reactivated in later compression to form the St. Croix horst (SCH). Four MT sites that were examined in closer detail are labeled (e.g., N03). Red profile line approximates location of the model views of Figures 4 and 5. Urban or geographic features noted include Duluth (DL), Aitkin (AT), Saint Paul (SP), Ironwood (IW), and Flambeau Ridge (FR). Geologic units are from digital base map of Cannon et al. (1999), modified from work of Ojakangas et al. (2001), Schulz and Cannon (2007), Van Schmus et al. (2007), Chandler et al. (2007, 2008), Holm et al. (2007), and Boerboom et al. (2011). Inset shows simplified regional basement geology mainly after Southwick (2014). Its elements include Superior Wawa Province (SWW), Minnesota River Valley subprovince of the Superior Province (MRV), Penokean foreland terrane (PFT), Midcontinent rift system (MRS), Penokean Pembine-Wausau arc terrane (PPW), Archean Marshland terrane (MAT), and Yavapai terrane (YVP). Major structures include the Great Lakes tectonic zone (GLTZ), Niagara fault zone (NFZ), and Spirit Lake tectonic zone (SLTZ), where the last represents the regional Yavapai terrane suture zone. Abbreviations: ECMB—East-Central Minnesota batholith; EPSZ—Eau Pleine shear zone; MD—Malmo discontinuity; ML—Mille Lacs Lake; LS—Lake Superior; LM—Lake Michigan. Ea Prot—early Proterozoic; SPREE—Superior Province Rifting EarthScope Experiments data.

Generalized basement geologic map of the Penokean orogen and Midcontinent r... Open Access

Published: 01 March 2018
Figure 1. Generalized basement geologic map of the Penokean orogen and Midcontinent rift system (MRS). Magnetotelluric (MT) sites are red squares, and controlled-source audio (CSA) MT sites are red dots. The Wgn unit in our study area and to the west-southwest comprises the McGrath–Little Falls
Journal Article

Evidence for Grenville-Age Seismicity and Thick-Skinned Deformation in Northern Wisconsin, U.S.A. Available to Purchase

M. G. Bjørnerud
Published: 01 January 2010
The Journal of Geology (2010) 118 (1): 45–58.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/648399
... represent orientations of Midcontinent Rift–age mafic dikes. Filled star shows location of study area near Marengo Falls; open star shows probable depth at which observed pseudotachylytes formed. Modified from Cannon et al. ( 1993 ). ...
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Journal Article

Initiation of Sierra Nevada range front–Walker Lane faulting ca. 12 Ma in the Ancestral Cascades arc Open Access

Cathy J. Busby, Jeanette C. Hagan, Paul Renne
Journal: Geosphere
Published: 01 October 2013
Geosphere (2013) 9 (5): 1125–1146.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1130/GES00927.1
... northeast transfer fault zone of a series that extends down the range front northward to Ebbetts Pass (e.g., see Poison Flat–Mineral Mountain, Falls–Meadow–Dumont Meadows, and Jones Canyon faults in fig. 11 of Busby et al., 2013a ). The Lost Cannon fault ( Fig. 2 ) is more than 18 km long and drops...
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Cross section correlating composite stratigraphic sections from each area using the top of the Kootenai Formation (and equivalent surfaces) as the datum. Vertical scale is in meters. Units with detrital zircon data are indicated by the black diamonds with numbers in parentheses indicating the number of zircon samples for each unit. Location map is inset. (A) Stratigraphic section from the foothills of western Montana, USA, at Gibson Reservoir (Fuentes et al., 2011). (B) Stratigraphic section from Great Falls, Montana, USA, from field measurements and Ballard (1966), Cannon (1966), Fox and Groff (1966), Harris (1966), and Walker (1974). (C) Stratigraphic section from the northwest Alberta foothills, Grande Cache, Alberta, Canada (Miles et al., 2012; Kukulski et al., 2013; and Quinn et al., 2016). (D) Stratigraphic section from the subsurface at Cold Lake, Alberta, Canada (Hutcheon et al., 1989; Feldman et al., 2008). Fm.—Formation; Mb.—Member; cl/coal—clay/coal, vf—very fine sandstone; m—medium sandstone; Ss.—sandstone; yellow—sandstone; gray—shale; blue—limestone.

Cross section correlating composite stratigraphic sections from each area u... Open Access

Published: 07 May 2018
indicating the number of zircon samples for each unit. Location map is inset. (A) Stratigraphic section from the foothills of western Montana, USA, at Gibson Reservoir ( Fuentes et al., 2011 ). (B) Stratigraphic section from Great Falls, Montana, USA, from field measurements and Ballard (1966) , Cannon
Journal Article

Refining the Paleoproterozoic tectonothermal history of the Penokean Orogen: New U-Pb age constraints from the Pembine-Wausau terrane, Wisconsin, USA Available to Purchase

Jian-Wei Zi, Stephen Sheppard, Janet R. Muhling, Birger Rasmussen
Journal: GSA Bulletin
Published: 01 July 2021
GSA Bulletin (2022) 134 (3-4): 776–790.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1130/B36114.1
...Figure 2. Simplified geological map of northeast Wisconsin, USA (after Sims and Schulz, 1993 ) showing the locations sampled for this study. SFI denotes the Sturt Falls intrusion, which forms part of the Pembine ophiolite ( Schulz and Cannon, 2007 ). ...
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