... A. . Journal of Petrology, 39 : 1953 – 1964 . Dalton J.A. Presnall D.C. 1998b . Carbonatitic Melts along the solidus of model lherzolite in the system CaO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO3–CO2 from 3 to 7 Gpa . Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology , 131 : 123 – 135 . Dalton J.A. Presnell D.C...

.... 259-273. 1162 Cairncross, B., and Beukes, N.J. (2013) The Kalahari Manganese Field, the Adventure Continues. 1163 Struik Nature Publishers. 1164 Carpenter, A.B. (1967) Mineralogy and petrology of the system CaO-MgO-CO2-H2O at 1165 Crestmore, California. American Mineralogist, 52, 1351-1363. 1166...

...Tibor Gasparik Abstract An internally consistent thermodynamic model for the subsolidus system CaO-MgO-Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 (CMAS) was developed and refined using primarily data from phase equilibrium experiments. The solution properties of pyroxenes and garnet were approximated with an ionic model...

... , 1998 ; Grevel et al. 1998 ; Pawley et al. 1998 ). The volumetric behavior of the Ca-minerals zoisite [Ca 2 Al 3 (SiO 4 )(Si 2 O 7 )O(OH)] and lawsonite [CaAl 2 (Si 2 O 7 )(OH)2 H2O] is of particular interest because these are stable to pressures of ~7 GPa and more ( Pawley 1994 ; Schmidt and Poli...

... ). The V 0 is well constrained by several measurements. The C V of CaIrO 3 -PPv is unknown. Kojitani et al. (2007) estimated the C V of CaIrO 3 -PPv by adding the C P of CaO ( Berman 1988 ) and the C P of IrO 2 ( Knacke et al. 1991 ). For enstatite (MgSiO 3 ) and forsterite (Mg 2...

... of 3–5 greater amounts of H 2 O than our samples, which could change the phase behavior. The amount of H 2 O in our experiments is more consistent with recent estimations for H 2 O content in the mantle transition zone ( Fei et al. 2017 ). For a pyrolitic CaO–MgO–Al 2 O 3 –SiO 2 , a previous multi...

... here should be viewed as being semi-quantitative only. Additionally, the axial thermal expansion of Wal is strongly anisotropic (α a :α b :α c = 1.1:2.0:1). The much larger thermal expansivity along the b -axis is highly possibly related to the continuous CaO layers, which run parallel...

... 14 7 15 23 11 TiO 2 wt.% 0.03 0.04 0–0.12 0.02 0.03 0–0.06 0.04 0.04 0–0.13 0.02 0.02 0–0.09 tr SiO 2 33.52 0.26 32.95–33.83 33.58 0.58 33.10–34.24 33.35 0.24 32.82–33.72 33.26 0.17 32.90–33.63 32.67 0.18 32.39–32.97 CaO 61.93 0.29 61.53...

... O–CaO–Al 2 O 3 –MgO–SiO 2 –CO 2 to 35 kbar, with an analysis of melting in a peridotite-H 2 O–CO 2 system . Am. J. Sci. 278 , 305 – 343 . Foley , S.F. , 2010 . A reappraisal of redox melting in the Earth’s mantle as a function...

... analysis of the garnet portion of exposed/extracted inclusions without reincorporation of any exsolved material, making their derived pressures minimum estimates. Figure 3a is a plot of CaO vs Cr 2 O 3 , a scheme originally constructed for classifying lithospheric garnets, which effectively...

... 0.19 CaO 9.63 9.70 8.14 2.03 FeO 1.02 0.60 0.55 1.16 Sum 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 F igure 3. ( a ) Bright-field electron micrograph of (100) lattice fringes of orthoenstatite with lamellae of clinoenstatite. ( b ) Detail of (a) showing the shear mechanism, which...

... (wt%) 1.64 2.5 5.0 0.4 0 0 CaO (wt%) 0 1.1 1.1 0 1.9 0 C 11 (GPa) 235(2) 232.2(5) 236.9(10) 236(1) 224.1(1) 233(1) C 22 (GPa) 173(2) 175.7(7) 180.5(8) 173(1) 165.8(2) 171(1) C 33 (GPa) 222(2) 222.9(6) 230.4(10) 216(1) 202.9(1) 216(1) C 44 (GPa...

.... The crystal chemistry of jimthompsonite, clinojimthompsonite, and chesterite, and the amphibole-mica reaction . American Mineralogist , 63 , 1053 – 1073 . Vigfusson V.A. ( 1931 ) The hydrated calcium silicates. I. The system CaO–SiO2–H2O. II. Hillebrandite and Foshagite . American Journal...

... conditions . PhD thesis , University of Bristol , Bristol, UK . Armstrong L.S. Walter M.J. Tuff J.R. Lord O.T. Lennie A.R. Kleppe A.K. Clark S.M. ( 2012 ): Perovskite phase relations in the system CaO-MgO-TiO 2 -SiO 2 and implications for deep mantle lithologies . J...

... for CaO–SiO 2 , FeO–SiO 2 , and MgO–SiO 2 melts (e.g., Schuhmann and Ensio 1951 ; Bodsworth 1959 ; Distin et al 1971 ; Zaitsev and Mogutnov 1995 , 1997 ; Zaitsev et al. 2006 ). Apparently only a few studies exist for vaporization of Li 2 SiO3(s,1) ( Penzhorn et al. 1988 ; Asano and Nakagawa 1989...

... of the crystallized akimotoite grains revealed chemical variations of up to 13.54 wt% FeO, 10.46 wt% Al 2 O 3 , 0.69 wt% Cr 2 O 3 , and 0.38 wt% CaO ( Sharp et al. 1997 ; Tomioka and Fujino 1997 ; Miyajima et al. 2007 ). Experimental studies have shown that the Al incorporation follows a coupled substitution...

... of the Ca and Al budget of the planet at these pressures ( Fig. 5 ). That is, no observed stellar composition appears rich enough in what would be minor oxides in Earth’s mantle (e.g., CaO, Al 2 O 3 , TiO 2 ) to saturate their pure phases ( Putirka and Rarick 2019 ). Indeed, as shown in Figure 6 , 89...

... 9.14 MnO 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.20 0.17 0.15 0.18 0.02 0.17 MgO 18.48 18.31 18.30 18.39 18.10 17.86 18.24 0.23 16.08 CaO 0.06 0.09 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.09 0.08 0.01 0.08 BeO (calc) 4.55 4.53 4.52 4.54 4.54 4.54 4.54 4.44 Sum 100.59 100.14 99.89 100.30...

... Gautron L , Kesson SE , Hibberson WO ( 1996 ) Phase relations for CaAl 2 Si 2 O 8 (anorthite composition) in the system CaO–Al 2 O 3 –SiO 2 at 14 GPa . Phys Earth Planet Inter 97 : 71 – 81 Gillet P , Sautter V , Harris J , Reynard B , Harte B , Kunz...

... muscovite and vermiculite ( Wada & Kamitakahara, 1991 ). (c) The inelastic-neutron-scattering spectra obtained from deuterated trimethy-lammonium-pillared vermiculite clays ( Fan et al. , 1992 ). The minerals MgO, FeO, CaO, the SiO 2 polymorphs and Al 2 O 3 are important constituents...