Abstract The complex thermal structure in areas where polythermal glaciers and continuous permafrost are present increases the potential for direct linkages between subsurface water conduits within glaciers and permafrost. In this study, hydrologic features of a glacier and the surrounding ice-cored moraines were examined and the potential for englacial water to flow out of the glacier and into the moraine was investigated. Ground-penetrating radar investigations, dye trace tests and direct observations of hydrological features (e.g., moulins, springs and caves) on and around Stagnation Glacier on Bylot Island, Arctic Canada, were undertaken. Data reveal that englacial conduits extend from the glacier into the adjacent ice-cored moraine. Glacial meltwater may have experienced variable flow conditions over the last 10 years and the conduit closures have occurred over a much longer time period. The study illustrates the interconnectivity of the glacial and permafrost hydrological systems.

Abstract This concluding chapter provides a brief, interpretative overview of the geological history of Innuitian Orogen and Arctic Platform with emphasis on unsolved major problems, and a summary of their resources. References quoted in previous chapters will not be repeated; for geographic names, see Figure 1 (in pocket). The northern part of the Canadian Shield (including Greenland) consists of a number of relatively small continental plates of Archean age that were welded together into a single supercontinent in a series of Early Proterozoic orogenies. The outlines of the Archean cratons and intervening Early Proterozoic orogenic belts have not yet been established for the High Arctic, but an orogen 1.91.95 Ga old is recognized in southeastern Ellesmere Island and adjacent parts of Greenland (Chapter 6). An extensive late Middle Proterozoic rifting event is indicated by mafic volcanic and intrusive rocks and associated coarse clastic sediments exposed on Melville Peninsula (Fury and Hecla Basin), northern Baffin Island and Bylot Island (Borden Basin), southeastern Ellesmere Island and adjacent parts of West Greenland (Thule Basin), and northeastern Greenland (Chapter 6). Radiometric ages suggest correlation with the extensive Mackenzie dyke swarm of the eastern Cordillera, dated at about 1.2 Ga. The rift deposits are succeeded by shallow marine clastic and carbonate sediments that also are represented on Victoria Island (Shaler Group). Age and correlation of the sedimentary units are problematic. Lithological relationships suggest that the sedimentary units in the Borden and Thule basins are correlative, but the former have yielded late Middle Proterozoic paleomagnetic ages, whereas