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Brady Butte Granodiorite
Early recumbent folding during Proterozoic orogeny in central Arizona
Two generations of folds affected the folded unconformity between the 1,750-Ma Brady Butte Granodiorite and overlying Proterozoic Texas Gulch Formation metagraywackes and slates in the Brady Butte area of central Arizona. F 1 folds are isoclinal and were predominantly northwest-verging recumbent folds prior to F 2 folding. They occur at all scales, with macroscopic fold amplitudes exceeding 500 m. F 1 folds were temporally associated with transposition of bedding and mesoscopic thrusting in metasedimentary rocks, and development of mylonitic foliation in both metasedimentary rocks and granodiorite. Both style of structures and asymmetry of fabrics suggest F 1 folding accompanied northwest-directed thrusting. F 2 folds are open to tight and have northeast-striking, steeply dipping, axial plane foliation. F 2 folds are gently northeast plunging in the Brady Butte area, coaxial with F 1 folds, and the enveloping surface of F 2 folds is subhorizontal. New structural data may have important regional implications. A subhorizontal enveloping surface for F 2 folds implies that stratigraphic units and the basal Texas Gulch Formation unconformity are repeated across strike in F 2 fold hinges. Thus, the metasedimentary rocks of the Crazy Basin area may correlate with the Texas Gulch Formation, and parts of the Spud Mountain Volcanics may correlate with parts of the Iron King Volcanics. However, transposition during F 2 and rotation of fold hingelines toward the subvertical F 2 finite stretching axis in areas of high shortening strain complicate structural geometry such that rootless intrafolial folds are common. Furthermore, F 2 folds affected an already transposed S 1 tectonic layering formed by recumbent folds and thrusts. The complex overprinting of F 1 and F 2 on a regional scale make stratigraphic interpretations tenuous until more detailed structural, geochronologic, and geochemical data are available.
Abstract 0.0 Bell Ranch northeast of Mayer, Arizona. Proceed on dirt road down the Agua Fria River. 0.9 Road leaves valley bottom and climbs to the south through metasedimentary rocks. 1.3 Road from the Binghampton and Copper Queen mines joins this road on the left. 2.7 Crossing small cattleguard. 3.1 View in the distance at 9:00 to 10:00 shows drill pad used by Billiton to explore the Copper Mountain area. Drill pad is now used as a quarry for mining of hematite-stained metarhyolite. 3.7 Road makes sharp turns around small hills. Visible in the distance at 12:00 are high peaks in the southern Bradshaw Mountains near Horsethief Basin. 4.0 Road crests small ridge. High peak in the far distance at 12:00 to 12:15 is Brady Butte, elev. 6,400 ft (fig. 53). The peak and the ridge extending to the south are composed of the 1750±10 Ma Brady Butte Granodiorite, the oldest dated rock in Arizona (Anderson and others, 1971). The pluton intrudes metavolcanic rocks similar to those seen between Prescott and Mayer, and has been deformed and recrystallized during regional metamorphism (Blacet, 1966; DeWitt, in press; Blacet, 1985). Unconformably overlying the pluton is the Texas Gulch Formation (fig. 43), a sequence of metamorphosed volcaniclastic and sedimentary material that has been multiple deformed (O'Hara and others, 1978; Karlstrom and O'Hara, 1984; Karlstrom and Conway, 1986) at the northern margin of the pluton. Also visible from this location at about 12:00, directly over the town of Mayer and the smelter stack, are the