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NARROW
GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Africa
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Southern Africa
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Kaapvaal Craton (4)
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South Africa
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Witwatersrand (1)
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Zimbabwe Craton (2)
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Asia
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Indian Peninsula
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India (1)
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Siberian Platform
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Aldan Shield (1)
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Yakutia Russian Federation
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Udachnaya Pipe (1)
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Australasia
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Australia (2)
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Canada
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Eastern Canada
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Ontario
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Wawa Ontario (1)
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Western Canada
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Northwest Territories (1)
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Commonwealth of Independent States
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Russian Federation
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Siberian Platform
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Aldan Shield (1)
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Yakutia Russian Federation
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Udachnaya Pipe (1)
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Europe
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North America
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South America
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Brazil
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commodities
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gems (2)
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elements, isotopes
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carbon
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isotope ratios (3)
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isotopes
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radioactive isotopes
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Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
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stable isotopes
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Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
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C-13/C-12 (1)
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (1)
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metals
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calcium (1)
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strontium
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aluminum (1)
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chromium (2)
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rare earths (2)
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titanium (1)
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noble gases
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argon
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Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
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geochronology methods
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(U-Th)/He (1)
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Re/Os (2)
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geologic age
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Mesozoic
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Cretaceous
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Precambrian
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Archean (3)
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upper Precambrian
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Paleoproterozoic (1)
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igneous rocks
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igneous rocks
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kimberlite (5)
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plutonic rocks
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diabase (1)
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lamproite (2)
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ultramafics
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peridotites
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harzburgite (2)
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lherzolite (3)
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volcanic rocks
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pyroclastics (1)
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metamorphic rocks
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eclogite (4)
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minerals
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diamond (5)
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oxides
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silicates
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chain silicates
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pyroxene group
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framework silicates
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silica minerals
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coesite (1)
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orthosilicates
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nesosilicates
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garnet group
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almandine (1)
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grossular (1)
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pyrope (1)
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kyanite (1)
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sulfides (1)
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Primary terms
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absolute age (3)
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Africa
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Southern Africa
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Kaapvaal Craton (4)
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South Africa
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Witwatersrand (1)
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Zimbabwe Craton (2)
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Asia
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Indian Peninsula
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India (1)
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Siberian Platform
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Aldan Shield (1)
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Yakutia Russian Federation
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Udachnaya Pipe (1)
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-
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Australasia
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Australia (2)
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Canada
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Eastern Canada
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Ontario
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Algoma District Ontario
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Wawa Ontario (1)
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-
-
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Western Canada
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Northwest Territories (1)
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-
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carbon
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C-13/C-12 (1)
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crystal chemistry (2)
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crystal structure (3)
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deformation (1)
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diamond deposits (3)
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Europe
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Fennoscandian Shield (1)
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faults (1)
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foliation (1)
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fractures (1)
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gems (2)
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geochemistry (3)
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igneous rocks
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kimberlite (5)
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plutonic rocks
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diabase (1)
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lamproite (2)
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ultramafics
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peridotites
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harzburgite (2)
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lherzolite (3)
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volcanic rocks
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pyroclastics (1)
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inclusions (5)
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intrusions (3)
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isotopes
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radioactive isotopes
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Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
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stable isotopes
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Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
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C-13/C-12 (1)
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (1)
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mantle (6)
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Mesozoic
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Cretaceous
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Middle Cretaceous (1)
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metals
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alkaline earth metals
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calcium (1)
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strontium
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (1)
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-
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aluminum (1)
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chromium (2)
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rare earths (2)
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titanium (1)
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metamorphic rocks
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eclogite (4)
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metamorphism (2)
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metasomatism (1)
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mineral deposits, genesis (1)
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mineral exploration (3)
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minerals (1)
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noble gases
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argon
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Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
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-
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North America
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Canadian Shield
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Superior Province (1)
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paragenesis (1)
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petrology (1)
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Phanerozoic (1)
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Precambrian
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Archean (3)
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upper Precambrian
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Proterozoic
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Mesoproterozoic (1)
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Paleoproterozoic (1)
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South America
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Brazil
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Brazilian Shield (1)
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structural analysis (1)
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tectonics (2)
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Bobbejaan Mine
Ternary diagram of three major components of relevance for the garnets of t...
( A ) Roberts Victor Mine (South Africa) CROL dike—blow—pipe system. Re-dra...
Crystal chemistry of clinopyroxenes from mantle eclogites: A study of the key role of the M2 site population by means of crystal-structure refinement
ORIGINS OF CHROMIAN AND ALUMINOUS SPINEL MACROCRYSTS FROM KIMBERLITES IN SOUTHERN AFRICA
X-site control on rare earth elements in eclogitic garnets – an XRD study
Structural overview of selected Group II kimberlite dyke arrays in South Africa: implications for kimberlite emplacement mechanisms
Type II diamonds: Flamboyant Megacrysts?
Graphite-diamond relations in mantle rocks: Evidence from an eclogitic xenolith from the Udachnaya kimberlite (Siberian Craton)
A Review of the Geology of Global Diamond Mines and Deposits
AGES OF CRATONIC DIAMOND AND LITHOSPHERE EVOLUTION: CONSTRAINTS ON PRECAMBRIAN TECTONICS AND DIAMOND EXPLORATION
Geochronology of Diamonds
Diamonds through Time
Diamonds: Crustal Distribution and Formation Processes in Time and Space and an Integrated Deposit Model
Abstract Diamonds have been brought to the Earth’s surface from at least 2.82 Ga onward by igneous and tectonic processes, and they have been redistributed since then by sedimentary processes into secondary diamond deposits. None of the known tectonically emplaced diamond deposits are economically viable, and only two types of igneous rock, kimberlite and lamproite, sometimes carry diamonds and can occasionally be economic to mine. Where diamonds are present in kimberlite and lamproite, the concentrations are –3 ppm, acquired by random sampling of diamond source rocks in the subcontinental lithosphere. Diamond-forming processes in the lithosphere were episodic since ~3.57 Ga, and all primary diamond deposits show evidence of two or more diamond generations. The earliest diamond-forming episode at ~3.4 ± 0.2 Ga appears to have been a worldwide metasomatic event triggered by CO2-rich, probably subduction-derived fluids that produced diamonds associated with garnet harzburgite. Further diamond populations have formed in association with craton accretion, subduction, slab melting, magmatic modifications of the lithospheric mantle, obduction tectonics, and metasomatic infiltration. In the process, diamonds formed in association with metasomatized harzburgite were supplemented predominantly by metasomatic diamond growth in eclogite, with occasional significant contributions from grospyditic, lherzolitic, and websteritic sources as well as sublithospheric ultradeep sources, notably majorite. Diamond-bearing igneous bodies exploit preexisting zones of weakness in the crust. They probably traverse most of the distance from the mantle to the surface as thin dikes or dike swarms, with nearurface expressions dictated by multiple intrusions, their volatile content, the presence or absence of cap rocks, local structures, and the ambient stress field, interaction with ground water , and degrees of preservation from erosion. Average diamond values per carat for a given diamond occurrence vary by approximately three orders of magnitude (US$1-$1,000/carat). A multistage model for the formation of diamond deposits is presented for the Kaapvaal craton that takes into account the tectonic history of the craton as well as the complexities observed within diamond populations of its various primary diamond deposits. Although the details of this model are craton specific, the general features of the model are applicable to other cratons.