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Bidouw Subgroup

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Journal Article

Eifelian–Givetian (Middle Devonian) high-paleolatitude storm- and wave-dominated shallow-marine depositional systems from the Bidouw Subgroup (Bokkeveld Group) of South Africa

Cameron R. Penn-Clarke, Bruce S. Rubidge, Zubair A. Jinnah
Published: 27 November 2019
Journal of Sedimentary Research (2019) 89 (11): 1140–1170.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2019.61
...Cameron R. Penn-Clarke; Bruce S. Rubidge; Zubair A. Jinnah ABSTRACT The sedimentology of the Eifelian–Givetian (Middle Devonian) Bidouw Subgroup in the Clanwilliam Sub-basin of South Africa has been reassessed. Four distinct lithofacies associations are recognized (A–D) and are representative...
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Detailed composite stratigraphic profiles of the <span class="search-highlight">Bidouw</span> <span class="search-highlight">Subgroup</span>. A) Nort...

Detailed composite stratigraphic profiles of the Bidouw Subgroup. A) Nort...

Published: 27 November 2019
Fig. 4.— Detailed composite stratigraphic profiles of the Bidouw Subgroup. A) Northern study sector. B) Central study sector. C) Southern study sector.
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Characteristics of lithofacies A–D of the <span class="search-highlight">Bidouw</span> <span class="search-highlight">Subgroup</span>.

Characteristics of lithofacies A–D of the Bidouw Subgroup.

Published: 27 November 2019
Table 1.— Characteristics of lithofacies A–D of the Bidouw Subgroup.
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Select characteristics of Lithofacies Association A of the <span class="search-highlight">Bidouw</span> <span class="search-highlight">Subgroup</span>....

Select characteristics of Lithofacies Association A of the Bidouw Subgroup....

Published: 27 November 2019
Fig. 5.— Select characteristics of Lithofacies Association A of the Bidouw Subgroup. A) Outcrop character as monotonous shales. Klipbokkop Formation at Nieuweplaas, Jacob's staff for scale is 1.5 m. B) Detail of planar-laminated shale. Klipbokkop Formation at Blinkberg. Scale bar is 8.0 cm
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Fossils associated with Lithofacies Association D of the <span class="search-highlight">Bidouw</span> <span class="search-highlight">Subgroup</span>. ...

Fossils associated with Lithofacies Association D of the Bidouw Subgroup. ...

Published: 27 November 2019
Fig. 18.— Fossils associated with Lithofacies Association D of the Bidouw Subgroup. A) Concentration of allochthonous coalified fossil plant thalli fragments (darker gray) along top surface of third-order trough cross-bed foresets (lighter gray). Scale bar is 8.0 cm. Wupperthal Formation at Oom
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Sequence stratigraphy of the <span class="search-highlight">Bidouw</span> <span class="search-highlight">Subgroup</span> in the Clanwilliam Sub-basin w...

Sequence stratigraphy of the Bidouw Subgroup in the Clanwilliam Sub-basin w...

Published: 27 November 2019
Fig. 19.— Sequence stratigraphy of the Bidouw Subgroup in the Clanwilliam Sub-basin with second-, third-, and fourth-order T-R curves inferred from paleoenvironmental shifts and stacking patterns relative to lithostratigraphy and chronostratigraphy.
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A) Typical outcrop expression of Lithofacies Association B of the <span class="search-highlight">Bidouw</span> S...

A) Typical outcrop expression of Lithofacies Association B of the Bidouw S...

Published: 27 November 2019
Fig. 7.— A) Typical outcrop expression of Lithofacies Association B of the Bidouw Subgroup as a series of non-amalgamated and laterally continuous HCS quartz wacke co-sets (HCS) that sharply intercalate heterolithic-laminated sandstones and mudstones (HL). Wupperthal Formation at Blinkberg
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Pervasive bioturbation associated with Lithofacies Association C of the Bid...

Pervasive bioturbation associated with Lithofacies Association C of the Bid...

Published: 27 November 2019
Fig. 15.— Pervasive bioturbation associated with Lithofacies Association C of the Bidouw Subgroup. A) Pervasive bioturbation of amalgamated HCS quartz wacke co-sets destroying primary sedimentary structures in places. Wupperthal Formation at Swartkrans. Scale is 1.0 m. B) Generation
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Ichnofossils associated with Lithofacies Association C of the <span class="search-highlight">Bidouw</span> Subgro...

Ichnofossils associated with Lithofacies Association C of the Bidouw Subgro...

Published: 27 November 2019
Fig. 14.— Ichnofossils associated with Lithofacies Association C of the Bidouw Subgroup. A) Lateral profile of unbranched funnel shaped fodinichnia and domichnia of Altichnus isp. ( Al .) Wupperthal Formation at Grootberg. B) Top-bedding-plane view of Asterosoma isp. ( Ast .) fodinichnia
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Ichnofossils associated with Lithofacies Association A of the <span class="search-highlight">Bidouw</span> Subgro...

Ichnofossils associated with Lithofacies Association A of the Bidouw Subgro...

Published: 27 November 2019
Fig. 6.— Ichnofossils associated with Lithofacies Association A of the Bidouw Subgroup. A) Cochlichnus isp. ( Co .) passichnion and fodichnion mold showing typical “sine-curve” shape of ichnofossil on top bedding plane of a massive claystone, Waboomberg Formation at Swartkrans. Scale bar
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Select sedimentary features associated with Lithofacies Association D of th...

Select sedimentary features associated with Lithofacies Association D of th...

Published: 27 November 2019
Fig. 17.— Select sedimentary features associated with Lithofacies Association D of the Bidouw Subgroup. A) Sharply interbedded tabular (PCS) and trough (TCS) cross-bedded quartz arenites and planar-bedded (PL) quartz arenites. Osberg Formation at Blinkberg. B) Detail of bedding relationships
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Soft-sediment-deformation features associated with Lithofacies Association ...

Soft-sediment-deformation features associated with Lithofacies Association ...

Published: 27 November 2019
Fig. 10.— Soft-sediment-deformation features associated with Lithofacies Association B of the Bidouw Subgroup. A) Outcrop expression of a HCS quartz wacke with pervasive soft-sediment deformation, distorting internal primary sedimentary structures and character. Highlighted features include
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Contact relationships among Lithofacies Associations B, C, and D representa...

Contact relationships among Lithofacies Associations B, C, and D representa...

Published: 27 November 2019
Fig. 16.— Contact relationships among Lithofacies Associations B, C, and D representative of OTZ-dLSF, pLSF, and USF-Beach paleoenvironments in the Bidouw Subgroup showing maximum regressive surfaces (MRS) and regressive surfaces of marine erosion (RSME). A) Sharp and erosional contact between
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Select sedimentary features associated with Lithofacies Association C of th...

Select sedimentary features associated with Lithofacies Association C of th...

Published: 27 November 2019
Fig. 13.— Select sedimentary features associated with Lithofacies Association C of the Bidouw Subgroup. A) Amalgamated HCS quartz wacke co-sets. Wupperthal Formation, Grootberg. Scale is 1.0 m. B) Amalgamated accretionary HCS quartz wacke co-set showing multiple low-angled, undulatory
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Select ichnofossils associated with Lithofacies Association B of the <span class="search-highlight">Bidouw</span>...

Select ichnofossils associated with Lithofacies Association B of the Bidouw...

Published: 27 November 2019
Fig. 11.— Select ichnofossils associated with Lithofacies Association B of the Bidouw Subgroup. A) Top bedding plane view of Protoichnites isp. ( Pr .) and Palaeophycus isp. ( Pa .) repichnia. Wupperthal Formation at Grootberg. B) Repichnion of Cochnlichnus isp. ( Co .). Klipbokkop
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Detail of select sedimentary features associated with Lithofacies Associati...

Detail of select sedimentary features associated with Lithofacies Associati...

Published: 27 November 2019
Fig. 9.— Detail of select sedimentary features associated with Lithofacies Association B of the Bidouw Subgroup. A) Thin-scale bedding showing alternate upward-coarsening co-sets consisting of lower lenticular to wavy-bedded sandstone bedsets and upper flaser-bedded sandstone bedsets
Journal Article

Lithostratigraphy and sedimentology of the Middle Devonian Tra-Tra Formation, including the Grootrivier Member (Bokkeveld Group, Cape Supergroup), South Africa

C.R. Penn-Clarke, J.N. Theron
Published: 01 September 2020
South African Journal of Geology (2020) 123 (3): 381–398.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.25131/sajg.123.0026
...] [Cape Supergroup] Bokkeveld Group (including the Ceres, Bidouw and Traka Subgroups . In: M.R. Johnson (Editor), Catalogue of South African Lithostratigraphic Units (1st edition). South African Committee for Stratigraphy, Council for Geoscience , 3 – 5 . Zecchin , M. , Catuneanu , O...
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TAPHONOMY AND PALEOECOLOGY OF AN OPHIUROID-STYLOPHORAN OBRUTION DEPOSIT FROM THE LOWER DEVONIAN BOKKEVELD GROUP, SOUTH AFRICA

MHAIRI REID, WENDY L. TAYLOR, CARLTON E. BRETT, AARON W. HUNTER, EMESE M. BORDY
Journal: PALAIOS
Published: 16 April 2019
PALAIOS (2019) 34 (4): 212–228.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2110/palo.2018.048
..., and Waboomberg formations (Bidouw Subgroup). Fig. 1.— A ) Simplified geological map of the Cape Supergroup in South Africa. Location of the fossil locality (square) within the Cape Fold Belt, ∼ 145 km NE of Cape Town, insert of Africa showing the study region within South Africa (redrawn and modified...
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Journal Article

High-Paleolatitude Environmental Change During the Early To Middle Devonian: Insights from Emsian–Eifelian (Lower–Middle Devonian) Siliciclastic Depositional Systems of the Ceres Subgroup (Bokkeveld Group) of South Africa

Cameron R. Penn-Clarke, Bruce S. Rubidge, Zubair A. Jinnah
Published: 18 September 2018
Journal of Sedimentary Research (2018) 88 (9): 1040–1075.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2018.53
... Group (including the Ceres, Bidouw and Traka subgroups) , in Johnson, M.R., ed ., Catalogue of South African Lithostratigraphic Units, First Edition : South African Committee for Stratigraphy , Council for Geoscience...
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