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NARROW
GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Africa
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Southern Africa
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Barberton greenstone belt (1)
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Kaapvaal Craton (1)
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Alexander Terrane (1)
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Invertebrata
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Primary terms
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Africa
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Antarctica
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Arctic region
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Asia
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Far East
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Cenozoic
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upper Pleistocene (2)
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Tertiary
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Neogene
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upper Miocene
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Modelo Formation (1)
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Chordata
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Vertebrata
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Mammalia
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Reptilia
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Bethel time
—Paleogeography during Bethel time, and sources of sediments.
Geology and Tectonic Setting of Lower Kuskokwim-Bristol Bay Region, Alaska
Petrology of Bethel Sandstone of South-Central Illinois
Distribution, stratigraphy, and structure of the Grande Ronde Basalt in the upper Naches River basin, Yakima and Kittitas Counties, Washington
A composite section of eight Grande Ronde Basalt flows delineates the margin of the Columbia River Basalt Group on this portion of the eastern flank of the Cascade Range. The Grande Ronde Basalt flows belong to the following units (in descending stratigraphic order): Sentinel Bluffs Member (Basalt of Museum 2 and Museum 1; Basalt of Stember Creek; and upper and lower flows of the Basalt of McCoy Canyon), Ortley member (informal), Grouse Creek member (informal “Meeks Table” flow), and Wapshilla Ridge Member. All these Grande Ronde Basalt flows display similar intraflow structures (cooling joint patterns) and lithology, but they are separable by chemical compositions (i.e., TiO 2 , MgO, P 2 O 5 , Cr, Ba, and Zr). Individual Grande Ronde Basalt flows can range in thickness from 8 to 180 m, with the maximum total thickness of the Grande Ronde Basalt section being 555 m. As the Grande Ronde Basalt flows advanced into the map area, they covered plains, filled stream-cut valleys and canyons up to 160 m deep, and surrounded extinct volcanoes 750 m tall. In post–Grande Ronde Basalt time, the Grande Ronde Basalt flows were deformed into a series of ENE-striking anticlines, synclines, and associated faults that define this portion of the Yakima Fold Belt. During this same time, transpressional deformation activity increased folding and thrust faulting in the Cle Elum–Wallula Lineament, a structural segment of the Olympic-Wallowa Lineament. In addition, series of NNW-striking, dextral strike-slip and normal faults were developed with displacements up to 4.5 km on the strike-slip faults and 1 km on the normal faults. The N-striking Goat Creek and NW-striking Indian Flat and Devils Slide faults merge with the White River fault to the west. These faults, along with the E-NE–striking Bethel Ridge anticline and NNW-striking Cleman Mountain anticline, form the major structures in this area.