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Lepidosauria
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Glossopteridales
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Pleistocene
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Paleogene
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Eocene
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Claiborne Group (2)
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Parachute Creek Member (1)
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Wilkins Peak Member (1)
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Hanna Formation (1)
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Oligocene
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Frio Formation (3)
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Paleocene
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Danian (1)
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K-T boundary (5)
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middle Paleocene (1)
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Nacimiento Formation (1)
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Ravenscrag Formation (6)
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Tiffanian (5)
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Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (2)
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Wasatch Formation (2)
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Wilcox Group (5)
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upper Cenozoic (3)
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Lake Bonneville (1)
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Laurentide ice sheet (3)
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Mesozoic
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Carrara Marble (1)
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Cretaceous
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Comanchean
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Buda Limestone (1)
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Lower Cretaceous
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Albian (1)
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Bluesky Formation (1)
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Clearwater Formation (1)
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Gething Formation (1)
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Mannville Group (5)
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McMurray Formation (1)
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Mesa Rica Sandstone (1)
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Neocomian (1)
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Purbeckian (1)
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Valanginian (1)
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Wealden (1)
-
-
Mancos Shale (1)
-
Middle Cretaceous (1)
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Bearpaw Formation (9)
-
Belle Fourche Shale (1)
-
Belly River Formation (10)
-
Buda Limestone (1)
-
Campanian
-
Dinosaur Park Formation (7)
-
upper Campanian (7)
-
-
Cardium Formation (3)
-
Carlile Shale (1)
-
Cenomanian
-
Dunvegan Formation (2)
-
-
Eagle Sandstone (1)
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Edmonton Group (3)
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Fox Hills Formation (2)
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Gallup Sandstone (1)
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Greenhorn Limestone (1)
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Gulfian
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Austin Chalk (1)
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Eagle Ford Formation (1)
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Woodbine Formation (2)
-
-
Hell Creek Formation (2)
-
Hornbrook Formation (1)
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Horseshoe Canyon Formation (25)
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Judith River Formation (3)
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K-T boundary (5)
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Lance Formation (3)
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Lewis Shale (2)
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Maestrichtian
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lower Maestrichtian (2)
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upper Maestrichtian (4)
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Mesaverde Group (3)
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Milk River Formation (2)
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Oldman Formation (5)
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Pierre Shale (1)
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Ripley Formation (1)
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Saint Mary River Formation (3)
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Santonian (1)
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Senonian (15)
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Tuolumne Intrusive Suite (2)
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Turonian (2)
-
Tuscaloosa Formation (3)
-
-
Viking Formation (3)
-
Whitemud Formation (8)
-
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Franciscan Complex (1)
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Great Valley Sequence (1)
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Jurassic
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Carmel Formation (1)
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Lower Jurassic
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lower Liassic (1)
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Sinemurian (1)
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Middle Jurassic
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Bajocian
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Brent Group (1)
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Bathonian (1)
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Norphlet Formation (1)
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Upper Jurassic
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Morrison Formation (1)
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Portlandian (1)
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Smackover Formation (1)
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Sundance Formation (1)
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Tithonian (2)
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-
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Navajo Sandstone (1)
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Triassic
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Lower Triassic
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Induan (1)
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Permian-Triassic boundary (3)
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Middle Triassic (1)
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Montney Formation (1)
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Upper Triassic
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Chinle Formation (2)
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Karmutsen Group (1)
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Shinarump Member (1)
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Yanchang Formation (1)
-
-
-
upper Mesozoic (1)
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Vaca Muerta Formation (1)
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Paleozoic
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Cambrian
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Bonanza King Formation (1)
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Lower Cambrian (1)
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Upper Cambrian
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Mount Simon Sandstone (1)
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-
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Carboniferous
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Lower Carboniferous
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Dinantian (1)
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Mississippian
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Barnett Shale (1)
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Lower Mississippian
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Kinderhookian
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Banff Formation (1)
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Osagian
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Burlington Limestone (1)
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Keokuk Limestone (1)
-
-
Pocono Formation (2)
-
Tournaisian (2)
-
-
Price Formation (3)
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Upper Mississippian
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Mauch Chunk Formation (1)
-
-
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Pennsylvanian
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Conemaugh Group (3)
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Crab Orchard Mountains Group (1)
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Middle Pennsylvanian
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Monongahela Group (2)
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Upper Pennsylvanian
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Glenshaw Formation (1)
-
-
-
Upper Carboniferous (2)
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Devonian
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Keg River Formation (1)
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Lower Devonian
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Oriskany Sandstone (2)
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Middle Devonian
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Elk Point Group (1)
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Mahantango Formation (1)
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Marcellus Shale (4)
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Onondaga Limestone (1)
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Popovich Formation (3)
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Upper Devonian
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Brallier Shale (2)
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Chemung Formation (3)
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Grosmont Formation (1)
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Hampshire Formation (1)
-
-
-
Dunkard Group (3)
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Exshaw Formation (1)
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Hanson Creek Formation (2)
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New Albany Shale (2)
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Ordovician
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Middle Ordovician
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Upper Ordovician
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Juniata Formation (1)
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Reedsville Formation (1)
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Trentonian (1)
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Wufeng Formation (1)
-
-
Valmy Formation (3)
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Vinini Formation (1)
-
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Permian
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Glorieta Sandstone (1)
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Guadalupian
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Bell Canyon Formation (1)
-
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Lower Permian
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Leonardian (1)
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Park City Formation (1)
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Rotliegendes (1)
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Upper Permian
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Permian-Triassic boundary (3)
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Zechstein (1)
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-
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Pilot Shale (2)
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Silurian
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Lower Silurian (2)
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Roberts Mountains Formation (3)
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-
-
upper Paleozoic
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Antrim Shale (1)
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Wissahickon Formation (1)
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Phanerozoic (3)
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Catoctin Formation (1)
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upper Precambrian
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Proterozoic
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Paleoproterozoic (6)
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Sinian
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Dengying Formation (1)
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Witwatersrand Supergroup (1)
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igneous rocks
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volcanic ash (4)
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minerals
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pyroxene group
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wollastonite group
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orthosilicates
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phenakite group
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zircon group
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Primary terms
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Mesozoic
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Bearpaw Formation (9)
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Cardium Formation (3)
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Maestrichtian
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Mesaverde Group (3)
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Jurassic
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Triassic
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GeoRef Categories
Era and Period
Epoch and Age
Book Series
Date
Availability
Battle Formation
First high-precision U–Pb CA–ID–TIMS age for the Battle Formation (Upper Cretaceous), Red Deer River valley, Alberta, Canada: implications for ages, correlations, and dinosaur biostratigraphy of the Scollard, Frenchman, and Hell Creek formations Available to Purchase
EARLY FRESHWATER DIATOMS FROM THE UPPER CRETACEOUS BATTLE FORMATION IN WESTERN CANADA Available to Purchase
Late Maastrichtian paleovalley systems in west-central Alberta: Mapping the Battle Formation in the subsurface Available to Purchase
Battle Formation at Knudsen’s Farm. (A) Distribution of the Battle Formatio... Available to Purchase
Antler sequence host rocks. (A) Battle Formation conglomerate in drill hole... Available to Purchase
Stratigraphic context for the Battle Formation (BFm) at Knudsen’s Farm in t... Available to Purchase
Isopach map of the Battle Formation in west-central Alberta with overlay of... Available to Purchase
—Basal conglomerate of Battle formation (|Pb) resting with angular unconfor... Available to Purchase
Alluvial to marine facies transition in the Antler overlap sequence, Pennsylvanian and Permian of North-central Nevada Available to Purchase
THE EDMONTON GROUP OF SOUTH-CENTRAL ALBERTA Available to Purchase
Evidence for an unconformity at the Scollard–Battle contact, Upper Cretaceous strata, Alberta Free
Geology of Gold Deposits at the Marigold Mine, Battle Mountain District, Nevada Available to Purchase
Abstract The Marigold Au deposits are located in the Battle Mountain mining district at the northern end of Nevada’s Battle Mountain-Eureka trend. The Marigold deposits currently make up the second largest Au accumulation in the district with over 320 tonnes (10.35 Moz) of Au in oxidized rock in a N-trending series of mineralized zones approximately 7.5 km long. Ore is hosted primarily in oxidized Paleozoic siliciclastic rocks between the Roberts Mountain and Golconda thrusts. Most of the ore occurs in quartzite of the Ordovician Valmy Formation. Higher grades but lower tonnages of ore are present in the overlying Pennsylvanian-Permian Antler sequence, including the Battle Formation conglomerate, the Antler Peak Limestone, and debris flows and siltstone of the Edna Mountain Formation. Sedimentary rocks at Marigold are crosscut by a series of WNW- to N-striking quartz monzonite dikes (zircon U-Pb chemical abrasion-thermal ionization mass spectrometry ages 97.63 ± 0.05–92.22 ± 0.05 Ma) and a lamprophyre (biotite 40 Ar/ 39 Ar age 160.7 ± 0.1 Ma). Marigold displays many classic Carlin-type characteristics although the deposits are predominantly hosted in relatively unreactive, carbonate-poor siliciclastic rocks. Sulfidation, minor silicification, and possibly pyritization occurred in association with Au mineralization in quartzite and argillite. Chemically reactive but volumetrically minor carbonate rocks also display these alteration styles as well as significant decarbonatization. Argillic alteration occurred proximal to faults in mudstone and siltstone and at the margins of intrusions. Gold, As, Sb, and Tl are enriched along high-angle structures and structural intersections in the sedimentary host rocks and in faulted dike margins. Gold is present in Au-, As-, and Sb-rich pyrite overgrowths on pre-gold stage trace element-poor pyrite grains. Oxidation extends to depths of 150 to 500 m below surface, and above the redox boundary Au is present natively with iron oxides in voids and fractures. In the cores and margins of the Cretaceous dikes and fault zones, a distinct geochemical association of base metal and Ag minerals is identifiable, characterized by Ag-bearing tetrahedrite-tennantite, chalcopyrite, gersdorffite, pyrite, sphalerite, stannite, and galena. Sericite 40 Ar/ 39 Ar ages of 88.0 ± 0.46 and 79.59 ± 0.16 Ma indicate that hydrothermal alteration occurred along the dike margins at least 4 m.y. after emplacement. On the basis of similarities to other deposits in the district, the base metal and Ag mineralization may have occurred at this time. The Au mineralization occurred sometime after the base metal and Ag event, possibly in conjunction with the Eocene magmatism that occurred elsewhere in the district, although this study found no definitive evidence for a magmatic-hydrothermal origin of the Au.