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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Asteries Limestone
Contribution a l'etude du calcaire a asteries (Oligocene) sous l'agglomeration bordelaise
A new occurrence of xitieshanite [Fe 3+ (SO 4 )Cl·6H 2 O] crystals in acid-mine seepways, Green Valley, Vigo County, Indiana, U.S.A.
Spectral Induced Polarization Detects Cracks and Distinguishes between Open- and Clay-filled Fractures
Reference sections of Bazhenov Formation, from Aleksandrovskaya 2 ( A ), Ku...
THE BAZHENOV FORMATION: LITHOLOGICAL AND GEOCHEMICAL CLASSIFICATION AND A DEPOSITION MODEL
Ground Prediction by Markov-ANN Hybrid Analytics Using Baseline Geotechnical Data and Observed Field Data
Major Soil-Related Factors in Terroir Expression and Vineyard Siting
Black carbon pollution of speleothems by fine urban aerosols in tourist caves
TBM Performance Prediction Using Statistical and Machine Learning Algorithms: Case Study of Slurry TBM Used in Mumbai Metro Rail Tunnel Line–3 (UGC-03), India
Shale brittleness prediction using machine learning—A Middle East basin case study
New mineral occurrences and mineralization processes: Wuda coal-fire gas vents of Inner Mongolia
BIOGENIC STRUCTURES IN OUTCROPS AND CORES. I. APPROACHES TO ICHNOLOGY
Nouvelles données historiques sur les premiers dinosaures trouvés en France
Development of geological perceptions and explorations on the Iranian Plateau: From Zoroastrian cosmogony to plate tectonics (ca. 1200 BCE to 1980 CE)
ABSTRACT This is an in-depth review and analysis of the long and untold history of development of earth science, geological thinking, research, and exploration on the Iranian Plateau within its historical, political, and socioeconomic context. Widespread mineral resources and ancient civilization helped in exploration, excavation, smelting, and usage of different metals, precious stones, and minerals since the Neolithic Period. Extant ancient Avestan and Middle Iranian Pahlavi Zoroastrian texts, as well as the classic Greek and Roman scholars, clearly demonstrate the Iranian geological activity through the Median (ca. 615 BCE), Achaemenid (550–330 BCE), Parthian (250 BCE–224 CE), and Sassanid (224–642 CE) Dynasties, interrupted by disrupting periods of socioeconomic and political problems, followed by foreign invasions and devastation in 330 BCE–250 CE and 637–652 CE, when the Iranians could no longer make scientific advancements. Long after the invasion of Alexander III of Macedon (330 BCE), scientific activity culminated in the establishment of the academies of Gundishāpur, Ctesiphon, and Resaina, the three higher educational centers of the Sassanid Dynasty that focused on comprehensive observation, painstaking research, and advanced education during the sixth and seventh centuries CE. Careful observation, research, and experiment by brilliant and genius scholars such as Karaji, Biruni, and Avicenna took place during a period of great activity and growth in science, engineering, medicine, literature, art, architecture, and philosophy in the tenth and eleventh centuries CE in Iran. This Iranian two-century “intermezzo intellectual zenith,” with a stable state and economic prosperity, was nurtured by the vast heritage of the ancient Iranian, Mesopotamian, Indian, and Egyptian civilizations and elements of the ancient Avestan, Sanskrit, and Pahlavi writings since ca. 1200 BCE. Social, economic, and political conflicts followed by invasions by Central Asian nomadic tribe warlords and their accompanying hordes in 1000–1040 CE (Saljuqs), 1218–1231 CE, and 1256 CE (Mongols), and 1370 CE (Timurids), and their occupation caused the process of irreversible decay, retrogression, and general intellectual decadence until the Safavids (1491–1772 CE). During this relatively long dark period, there was a drastic decline in interest in geological research and writing, though some old mining efforts were active. Throughout the eighteenth to the mid-twentieth centuries, foreign travelers made some contributions to the geology and mineral resources of Iran. It was during the second half of the twentieth century when once again earth science research blossomed in Iran with the help of European geologists. This ushered in a new period of modern geologic studies of Iran by native geologists. In memory of Emil Tietze (1845–1931), Alexander von Stahl (b. 1850), Setrāk Ābdāliān ( 1894–1963), Eugène Rieben (1899–1972), Heinrich Martin Huber (1917–1992), Jovan Stöcklin ( 1921–2008), Ricardo Assereto (1939–1976), and all pioneers in the past, who enthusiastically and rigorously intruded ever deeper into virtually unexplored territories in difficult and uncomfortable circumstances, extremely devoted to scientific pursuits, and shaped our understanding of the geology, tectonics, mineral resources, earthquakes, and seismotectonics of the Iranian Plateau .