... animals at all, but land-based lichens and microbial colonies. Here we report evidence for animal-like behavior in a submerged setting in a key Ediacaran form, Aspidella terranovica Billings 1872, a discoidal fossil from the ca. 560 Ma Fermeuse Formation of Newfoundland (Canada). We describe sedimentary...

...Figure 1. Fossils of Aspidella terranovica from the Fermeuse Formation at Ferryland, Newfoundland, 47.01439°N 52.89151°W, (A; with cover bed above and original surface below), with rhizomorphs in a presumed uprooted specimen (B) and in vertically oriented thin section (C), compared...

... sections of A. terranovica, ” he refers to an image (his figure 1A) that is neither a thin section, nor a vertical section, but is the bedding plane expression of a relatively flat Aspidella . The reference to deformation of laminae both upward and downward in his material presumably relates to the low...

...Table 1.— Morphometric comparison of Miaohe concretions from Maxi and Aspidella terranovica from the Fermeuse Formation . ...

...Figure 7 —Outcrop photos of Aspidella terranovica Billings, 1872 ( 1–6 ), and Aspidella -like Dubiofossil A ( 7 ), from Bonavista Peninsula. All scale bars graduated in cm, except for 5 and 7 , which are in dm. Photos in 1–4 are retrodeformed. 1 , Multi-ringed, Spriggia -like morph...

... in the types collection of the Royal Ontario Museum (ROM) in Toronto. Genus Aspidella Billings, 1872 Aspidella terranovica Billings, 1872 , by original monotypy Aspidella terranovica Billings, 1872 Figure 3 .6, 3 .8 The new specimen is an incomplete tripartite...

... of Miette Group taxa at Salient Mountain. Scale is same for all parts except for part 3. Phylum uncertain Genus Aspidella Billings, 1872 Aspidella terranovica Billings, 1872 Figs. 4A–4F Fig. 4. Diverse morphs of Aspidella terranovica in Miette Group. Scale divisions...

... Wales under the registered number NMW.79.16G. The fossil assemblage of the Coed Cochion Volcaniclastic Member is dominated by Aspidella terranovica   Billings 1872 ( Aspidella sensu stricto ; Fig. 3a ; Billings 1872 ; Gehling et al. 2000 ; Cope 2000 ). This distinctive small discoidal...

...Figure 2. Ediacaran macrofossils of Yudoma Group (Russia). A: Gaojiashania, Aim Formation, Nuuchchalakh valley. B: Aspidella terranovica , Aim Formation, Yudoma River–Maya River confluence. C: Dolomitized, skeletal Suvorovella aldanica, Aim Formation, Yudoma-Maya confluence. D–F: Scanning...

... 2003 ); (2) the shorter rangeomorph Charnia antecedens Laflamme et al . (2007) ; (3) the enigmatic triangular form Thectardis avalonensis Clapham et al . (2004) ; (4) rare morphs of Aspidella terranovica , a taxon thought to record the holdfasts of frondose organisms ( Gehling et al . 2000...